بررسی مقالات منتشر شده در زمینه طب اورژانس در ایران طی سال های 1380 تا 1397؛ یک مطالعه مروری

Introduction: Evaluating the studies conducted in the field of emergency medicine and finding a comprehensive view of the current situation of research in emergency medicine in Iran can provide a model for prioritizing research topics according to the needs and resources of the country. The present review study has been performed with the purpose of evaluating papers published in the field of emergency medicine in Iran over a 10-year period. Methods: To conduct this study, search engines such as Google Scholar and databases such as Web of Science, Pubmed, Scopus, Embase, Cochrane, ISC, and SID, were searched to find all articles published in the field of emergency medicine in Iran using keywords listed based on the review of articles, and published articles were evaluated based on the subject of the study, type of study, methodology, etc. Results: The number of published articles related to emergency medicine in Iran over the period of this study (2001-2018) was 774. Out of these 774 articles, due to similarity and unavailability of the full text of some articles, they were removed along with duplicates and only 120 articles were analyzed and the information related to each article was entered into Excel software, separately. Analyzes showed that the number of researches has been growing since 2011 so that nearly 90% of the articles were published during this period. Appropriate treatment measure was the most studied area, among which more attention was paid to heart diseases. These articles were published in more than 33 domestic and foreign journals, with Emergency Medicine Journal having the highest number of articles. The average index of articles was 0.87, which despite its growth in recent years, still seemed low. The number of citations was examined and Iranian emergency medicine articles had few citations. Also, the review of articles based on the pyramid of evidence showed that group studies had the highest value. Conclusion: This study showed that the production of articles by Iranian authors in the field of medical emergencies has steadily improved. However, the quality indicators of articles and authors, such as the number of citations, are low and need more attention.مقدمه: ارزیابی مطالعات انجام شده در رشته تخصصی طب اورژانس و رسیدن به یک دید جامع نسبت به موقعیت کنونی پژوهش در طب اورژانس کشور می تواند الگویی برای اولویت بندی موضوعات پژوهشی با توجه به نیاز و منابع کشور در اختیار قرار دهد. مطالعه مروری حاضر با هدف بررسی مقالات منتشر شده در زمینه طب اورژانس در ایران طی یک دوره ده ساله انجام شده است. روش کار: جهت انجام این مطالعه با استفاده از موتورهای جستجوگر مانند Google Scholar و جستجو در پایگاه های اطلاعاتی مانند Web of Science , Pubmed, Scopus, Embase, Cochrane, ISC, SID کلیه مقالات ارائه شده در رشته تخصصی طب اورژانس در ایران با استفاده از کلید واژه هایی که بر اساس مرور مقالات و متون به دست آمده فهرست شده و مقالات منتشر شده از جهت موضوع پژوهش، نوع مقاله، روش مطالعه و غیره مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند. نتایج: تعداد مقالات انتشار یافته در رابطه با طب اورژانس در ایران تا زمان این مطالعه (1380 تا 1397) 774 مورد بود. از میان این 774 مقاله با توجه به تشابه و نیز در دسترس نبودن فایل کامل تعدادی از مقالات، پس از حذف مقالات تکراری حذف شدند و تنها 120 مقاله آنالیز گردید و اطلاعات مربوط به هر مقاله به تفکیک وارد نرم افزار اکسل گردید. آنالیز ها نشان داد تعداد پژوهش ها در دهه ی 90 رو به رشد بوده به طوری که نزدیک به 90 درصد مقالات مربوط به این بازه بوده اند. اقدامات درمانی مناسب بیشترین حوزه مورد مطالعه بود که در این میان به بیماری های قلبی بیشتر پرداخته شده بود. این مقالات در بیش از 33 نشریه داخلی و خارجی چاپ شده بودند که نشریه Emergency medicine بیشترین میزان انتشار مقاله را به خود اختصاص داده بود. متوسط شاخص مقالات عدد 0.87 بود که با وجود رشد این عدد طی سال های اخیر، میزان کمی بنظر رسید. میزان ارجاعات انجام شده مورد بررسی قرار گرفت که مقالات ایرانی طب اورژانس از ارجاعات کمی برخوردار بودند. همچنین بررسی مقالات بر طبق هرم شواهد نشان داد که مطالعات هم گروهی بیشترین مقدار را به خود اختصاص داده است. نتیجه گیری: این مطالعه نشان داد که تولید مقالات توسط نویسندگان به طور پیوسته پیشرفت کرده است. با این حال، شاخص های کیفی مقالات و نویسندگان از قبیل تعداد ارجاعات پایین بوده و نیازمند توجه بیشتر است

The application of geochemical pattern recognition to regional prospecting: a case study of the Sanandaj-Sirjan metallogenic zone, Iran

In regional exploration programs, the distribution of elements in known mineral deposits can be used as a guide for the classification of deposits, search for new prospects and modeling ore deposit patterns. The Sanandaj-Sirjan Zone (SSZ) is a major metallogenic zone in Iran, containing lead and zinc, iron, gold, copper deposits. In the central part of the SSZ, lead and zinc mineralization is widespread and hitherto exploration has been based on geological criteria. In this study, we used clustering techniques applied to element distribution for classification lead and zinc deposits in the central part of the SSZ. The hierarchical clustering technique was used to characterize the elemental pattern. Elements associated with lead and zinc deposits were separated into four clusters, encompassing both ore elements and their host rock-forming elements. It is shown that lead and zinc deposits in the central SSZ belong to two genetic groups: a MVT type hosted by limestone and dolomites and a SEDEX type hosted by shale, volcanic rocks and sandstone. The results of elemental clustering were used for pattern recognition by the K-means method and the respective deposits were classified into four distinct categories. K-means clustering also reveals that the elemental associations and spatial distribution of the lead and zinc deposits exhibit zoning in the central part of the SSZ. The ratios of ore-forming elements (Sb, Cd, and Zn) vs. (Pb and Ag) show zoning along an E-W trend, while host rock-forming elements (Mn, Ca, and Mg) vs. (Ba and Sr) show a zoning along a SE-NW trend. Large and medium deposits occur mainly in the center of the studied area, which justify further exploration around occurrences and abandoned mines in this area. The application of a pattern recognition method based on geochemical data from known mineralization in the central SSZ, and the classification derived from it, uncover elemental zoning, identify key elemental associations for further geochemical exploration and the potential to discover possible target areas for large to medium size ore deposits. This methodology can be applied in a similar way to search for new ore deposits in a wide range of known metallogenic zones