Oral health related quality of life among adults attending periodontal clinic at IIUM Kuantan IIUM

There was lack of local study assessing the oral health related quality of life (OHRQOL) of patients with periodontal diseases. Hence, this study aims to assess the OHRQOL and its associated factors in adult patients who were diagnosed with gingivitis and periodontitis. This was a cross sectional study conducted from May to December 2018 among 100 participants attended Periodontal Clinic, Kulliyyah of Dentistry of International Islamic University of Malaysia (IIUM) using purposive sampling methods. Clinical parameters of participants were recorded by a single examiner then followed by a self-administered questionnaire using the validated short version of Oral Health Impact Profile(S-OHIP) (Malay) to assess the OHRQOL and its associated factors. The OHRQOL of participants were reported using mean and standard deviation. The factors associated with OHRQOL were determined using independent t-test and Spearman correlation test. The mean score for S-OHIP was 14.73 ± 9.24. Participants with periodontitis have higher SOHIP score compared to those with gingivitis. There were significant association between OHRQOL and underlying diabetes mellitus, self-perceived oral health status and self-perceived oral health satisfaction with p value < 0.05. This shows that those with underlying diabetes mellitus have higher S-OHIP score indicated poorer OHRQOL. Meanwhile, those who perceived they have either good or very good oral hygiene and satisfied with their oral health have lower S-OHIP score indicated better OHRQOL. This study found that periodontal diseases have significant association with the OHRQOL. Therefore, reinforcement of oral health education by the dentists is crucial

Hibah sebagai akad alternatif dalam perniagaan francais di Malaysia: realiti atau mitos? [Hibah as an alternatif Islamic contract in Malaysian franchise business: reality or myth?]

Franchising is one of the methods of marketing of goods or services. A franchisor with a complete business format may sell the business to a franchisee for a specified period of time with the prescribed fee. However, current franchise contracts are in accordance with the form or characteristics that are subject to the Franchise Act 1998. The Islamic entrepreneurs who carry out the franchise business in Malaysia need to have an alternative in the formation of this contract for example through musyarakah, mudarabah, ijarah or hibah. Therefore, the objective of this article is to discuss hibah as one of the suitable alternative agreements to be practiced in the franchise business in Malaysia. This is qualitative study that involves a systematic study of philosophical and academic views. Therefore, this study is not an empirical study but rather a library study. The result of this study is that hibah in franchise business can occur when a franchisor distributes its format and complete franchise business system to franchisees without any financial rewards as it does in today's conventional franchise system. In order to implement this hibah, some important issues need to be realized namely, self-awareness for philanthropy; provision of systematic modules; the hope of doing righteous deeds for the benefit of the hereafter; commitment to the success of hibah; control requirements; stability in a franchise business; and selected offers

Fees and assistance as basic element in franchise business in Malaysia

The development of the franchise business in Malaysia is supported by the existing legal framework and institutional framework. Through the provisions of the Franchise Act 1998, the basic elements of the franchise business are formed. Among them are payment of fees and assistance given by the franchisor to the franchisee. Both elements are sometimes not complied with by both parties. Therefore, this article aims to discuss the basic elements of fees and assistance in the franchise business with its Islamic perspectives in brief. The method used in this study is a legal study supported by interviews with the franchisor. The findings show that there is a clear provision in the Franchise Act 1998 on fees and assistance. The findings from the interviews on the franchisor also show that all of them are in compliance with the provisions of the law on this matter

Vape shop retailers’ perception and behavior of electronic nicotine delivery systems use at the Kuantan District: a preliminary report

Background/ Aims: The opening of new vape shops has sprouted tremendously with the growing popularity of electronic nicotine delivery systems (END). Shop retailers become an essential source of information, advice, and influence for consumers on their vaping habits however the research on vape shop retailers is lagging despite the popularity of END. The survey aimed to assess the retailers’ knowledge and behavior of END usage. Methodology: The questionnaire was adapted from two previously published research on vape. The surveys were conducted among 30 retailers at 17 vape shops in the Kuantan district using the convenient sampling method. The sampling method were used because the data on vape shop not available for Kuantan district and for ease of pre-liminary data collection. The data were analyzed using the SPSS software version 25.0 and presented as descriptive statistics. Results: Most of the retailers are young adults (80%), of Malay race (93.3%), literate from secondary school and college (46.7%), and work as a salesman (56.7%) at the vape shop. Most retailers perceived END as safer than a combustible cigarette (88%), the END could help in quitting combustible cigarettes (83.3%), and they had successfully ceased smoking after shifting to vaping (83.3%). The retailers’ believed END is, on average, safer than products (eg, nicotine patch, gum, and inhaler). Likewise, they perceived it as having less harmful effects on general, lung, and oral health as compared to combustible cigarettes. Conclusion: Generally, vape retailers perceived END as a safe product to substitute for the more harmful combustible cigarette. They were unaware of the compelling scientific literature that distinguishes between the harms and benefits of END. Hence, educating vape shop retailers on the benefits and harms of e-cigarettes is also an important part of the smoking education campaign

Depression, anxiety and stress among dental undergraduate students: Prevalence, stressors and relieving factors

Aim: To investigate the depression, anxiety and stress, stressors and relieving factors among dental students at Kulliyyah of Dentistry (KOD). Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 222 dental students. Their socio-demographic data, self-reported depression, anxiety and stress (DASS-21) scores, causes and relieving factors were collected using validated semi-structured pre-tested questionnaires. The data was analysed using percentages, chi-square test and Binary logistic regression tests with SPSS version 24. Results: The prevalence of depression, anxiety and stress was 41%, 68.9% and 34.2% respectively. Cross analysis showed that academic-related and laboratory or clinical related reasons were significantly associated with the depressive symptoms [(X2= 15.86, p<0.0001) and (X2= 10.45, p=0.001) respectively] and stress symptoms [(X2= 19.95, p<0.0001) and (X2= 6.11, p<0.05) respectively] among dental student. Furthermore, the item ‘examination’ being the highest factor chosen in academic-related stressors. The response for stress-relieving factors was high for Islamic ritual prayer/spiritual activities (94.6%), sleeping (86.5%) and doing exercise/playing sports (76.1%), while ‘seeking professional help’ (19.8%) was the least. Conclusions: This study shows that depressive, anxiety and stress symptoms are prevalent among dental students. Islamic ritual prayer and involvement in spiritual related activities was found to be the most preferred way for students to relief stress. Hence, it is vital that the university continually evaluates the psychological health of the students, tailor preventive measures and spiritual related programs to help students to cope with stress

The outcomes of nonsurgical periodontal therapy: a retrospective study

Aim: In this study, patients with chronic periodontitis (CP) were evaluated to determine the clinical outcomes following nonsurgical periodontal therapy. Materials and Methods: A retrospective assessment of clinical outcomes following nonsurgical periodontal therapy was provided by International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM) dental undergraduates. This secondary data analysis of 110 patients with chronic periodontitis were reviewed and clinical data abstracted. Data were analyzed to observe the treatment outcomes of all patients and then were grouped into “responders” or “nonresponders” to assess the correlation between clinical prognostic indicators and the treatment outcome. Results: Significant improvements with all clinical parameters such as plaque score, bleeding on probing (BOP), periodontal probing depth (PPD) >4 mm and >6 mm, and clinical attachment loss were noted on all patients. Deep sites (PPD >4 mm) were significantly higher in smokers and it continued to be in large proportions during the posttreatment period. A great number of smokers and all diabetic patients fall into the nonresponder group. However, this study fails to statistically prove better outcomes in terms of all clinical parameters on the responder group as compared to the nonresponder group as all P values > 0.05. Conclusion: The CP treatments were positively associated with the benefits of nonsurgical therapy by IIUM undergraduates. It is displayed by the improvement in all clinical parameters. In addition, poorer outcomes were portrayed by smokers as reduction of BOP and PPD was not significantly achieved compared to their counterparts. However, patient-specific outcomes were not positively reported due to lack of data

The development of Islamic finance in Malaysia

The Islamic finance industry has gained popularity and captured the attention of people all over the world.Today, Malaysia appears to be one of the leading Islamic finance players in the world, since the passing of the first legislation of Islamic finance in 1983 i.e. the Islamic Banking Act 1983. The industry continues to progress until today, further promising robust development in the coming future.This chapter will discuss the development of the Islamic finance industry in Malaysia based on the three main sectors which are increasingly gaining popularity and visibility: banking and finance, takaful and securitie

Theeffect of mining sector determinants on economic growth/ Muhammed Taufiq Mohd Fadi ...[et al.]

This study aimsto examine the relationship between import and export of miningsectordeterminants representedby the non-metallic, metallic, energy mineral, fertilizer and jewelrysun-sectors towards Malaysia’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Data from the year 2001 to 2015 were analyzed. An econometric model was developed usingOrdinary Least Square (OLS) and Unit Root Testwas performed. Result of the study reveals that there is a significant relationship betweenfertilizer import, jewelryimport, energy mineral export and non-metallic exportdeterminantstowards GDP in Malaysi

Chronic periodontitis patients: their knowledge and its correlation with oral health related quality of life

Level of periodontal diseases knowledge was evaluated among 80 chronic periodontitis (PD) patients and its correlation with patients’ self-perceive OHQoL was investigated. The Malay version of OHQoL-UK was used. Patients’ with high knowledge of PD were of severe chronic periodontitis group (p>0.05); Malay (p<0.05) and had higher economic status (p<0.05). However majority of the high knowledge group perceived no effect of the PD on their OHQoL (p<0.05). Despite that, significant correlation but at lower strength was found between patients’ knowledge and the social aspects of OHQoL [r=0.249, p<0.05]. There were significant different in level of PD knowledge between chronic periodontitis patients with different perception on OHQoL

Factors influencing smoking behaviours among male adolescents in Kuantan district

ABSTRACT The aims of this study were to determine the prevalence and factors that influenced smoking behaviours among male adolescents in Kuantan, Pahang. A cross-sectional study was conducted among the form four male students in Kuantan District. Three hundred and twenty three students were randomly selected from eight secondaryn schools. A self-administered questionnaire was distributed to all the respondents. Almost half of the sample was smokers (45.8%) and half of them were Malays (53.1%). Students whose parents had lower level of occupation were more likely to smoke (58.8%). Among smokers, 34.5% of them smoked since primary school and a majority (91.7%) smoked 10 or less cigarettes per day. Half of them (53.4%) reported that they bought loose cigarettes and most of them used their school pocket money to purchase the cigarettes (81.7%). From the multivariate analysis, it was found that Non-Science Stream classes (OR=3.92, 95% CI= 2.10, 7.32), peers' smoking(OR=6.07, 95% CI= 2.32, 15.92), and attitude towards smoking (OR= 21.93, 95% CI= 9.71,49.51) were significantly associated with smoking habit. The prevalence of smoking among male adolescents was considerably high'in this population. It is recommended that antismoking activities in school be carried out regularly and should involve an active participation from the adolescents themselves since peers have great influence on smoking habits