Single-cell Transcriptomics of Murine Mural Cells Reveals Cellular Heterogeneity

Mural cells (MCs) wrap around the endothelium, and participate in the development and homeostasis of vasculature. MCs have been reported as heterogeneous population morphologically and functionally. However, the transcriptional heterogeneity of MCs was rarely studied. In this study, we illustrated the transcriptional heterogeneity of MCs with different perspectives by using publicly available single-cell dataset GSE109774. Specifically, MCs are transcriptionally different from other cell types, and ligand-receptor interactions of different cells with MCs vary. Re-clustering of MCs identified five distinct subclusters. The heterogeneity of MCs in tissues was reflected by MC coverage, various distribution of MC subclusters, and ligand-receptor interactions of MCs and parenchymal cells. The transcriptomic diversity of MCs revealed in this article will help facilitate further research into MCs

手术室风险管理

Objective: To study the risk management of operating room and to improve operating room efficiency. Methods: Firstly, make clear   the internal risk management and external regulatory frameworks, organizational principles and their respective functions on the basis of the risk management of operating room. Results: The checklist approach was employed for extensive identification and potential risk in operating room, even if the risk could be controlled. Conclusion: This study designs risk management plans and establishes a risk register, to strengthen the emergency response capacity and improve operating room efficiency.目的  研究手术室风险管理，提高手术室工作效率。方法  基于手术室风险管理首先要明确内部和外部的管理框架，组织原则及各自的职能。结果  采用检查列表的方式，广泛识别手术室目前存在的和可能发生的风险，即使出现风险可控。结论  研究设计手术室风险管理计划，建立风险登记簿，加强突发事件应对能力，提高了手术室工作效率

_In vivo_ photoacoustic molecular imaging with simultaneous multiple selective targeting using antibody-conjugated gold nanorods

The use of gold nanorods for photoacoustic molecular imaging in vivo with simultaneous multiple selective targeting is reported. The extravasation of multiple molecular probes is demonstrated, and used to probe molecular information of cancer cells. This technique allows molecular profiles representing tumor characteristics to be obtained and a heterogeneous population of cancer cells in a lesion to be determined. The results also show that the image contrast can be enhanced by using a mixture of different molecular probes. In this study, HER2, EGFR, and CXCR4 were chosen as the primary target molecules for examining two types of cancer cells, OECM1 and Cal27. OECM1 cells overexpressed HER2 but exhibited a low expression of EGFR, while Cal27 cells showed the opposite expression profile. Single and double targeting resulted in signal enhancements of up to 3 dB and up to 5 dB, respectively, and hence has potential in improving cancer diagnoses

Plasma gelsolin levels and outcomes after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage

INTRODUCTION: Lower gelsolin levels have been associated with the severity and poor outcome of critical illness. Nevertheless, their link with clinical outcomes of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage is unknown. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the relationship between plasma gelsolin levels and clinical outcomes in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. METHODS: A total of 262 consecutive patients and 150 healthy subjects were included. Plasma gelsolin levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Mortality and poor long-term outcome (Glasgow Outcome Scale score of 1-3) at 6 months were recorded. RESULTS: Plasma gelsolin levels on admission were substantially lower in patients than in healthy controls (66.9 (26.4) mg/L vs. 126.4 (35.4) mg/L, P < 0.001), and negatively associated with World Federation of Neurological Surgeons score (r = -0.554, P < 0.001) and Fisher score (r = -0.538, P < 0.001), and identified as an independent predictor of poor functional outcome (odds ratio, 0.957; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.933-0.983; P = 0.001) and death (odds ratio, 0.953; 95% CI, 0.917-0.990; P = 0.003) after 6 months. The areas under the ROC curve of gelsolin for functional outcome and mortality were similar to those of World Federation of Neurological Surgeons score and Fisher score (all P > 0.05). Gelsolin improved the predictive values of World Federation of Neurological Surgeons score and Fisher score for functional outcome (both P < 0.05), but not for mortality (both P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Gelsolin levels are a useful, complementary tool to predict functional outcome and mortality 6 months after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage

Rational design and synthesis of covalent triazine frameworks based on novel N-heteroaromatic building blocks for efficient CO2 and H2 capture and storage

Covalent Triazine Frameworks (CTFs), a nitrogen-rich subclass of Porous Organic Polymers (POPs), show large potential in applications including gas adsorption /separation and heterogeneous catalysis due to their distinctive large surface area, low skeleton density, good thermal and chemical stability combined with their rational tunability.1 Herein, we reported on a set of nitrogen-rich CTFs prepared by trimerization of 4,4',4'',4'''-(1,4-phenylenebis(pyridine-4,2,6-triyl))tetrabenzonitrile under ionothermal conditions. The influence of several parameters such as ZnCl2/monomer ratio and reaction temperature on the structure and porosity of the resulting frameworks was systematically examined. After a thorough characterization, their performance in CO2 and H2 adsorption as well as their selectivity of CO2 over N2 was assessed. Notably, the CTF obtained using 20 molar equiv. of ZnCl2 at a reaction temperature of 400 ºC exhibits an excellent CO2 adsorption capacity (3.48 mmol/g at 273 K and 1 bar) as well as a significant high H2 uptake (1.5 wt% at 77 K and 1 bar). These values are among the highest measured under identical conditions to date. In addition, the obtained CTFs also present a relatively high CO2/N2 selectivity (up to 36 at 298 K) making them promising adsorbents for gas sorption and separation