Inversion Phenomena of the Anisotropies of the Hamiltonian and the Wave-Function in the Distorted Diamond Type Spin Chain

We investigate the ground-sate phase diagram of the XXZ version of the S=1/2 distorted diamond chain by use of the degenerate perturbation theory near the truncation point. In case of the XY-like interaction anisotropy, the phase diagram consists of the Neel phase and the spin-fluid phase. For the Ising-like interaction anisotropy case, it consists of three phases: the ferrimagnetic phase, the Neel phase and the spin-fluid phase. The magnetization in the ferrimagnetic phase is 1/3 of the saturation magnetization. The remarkable nature of the phase diagram is the existence of the Neel phase, although the interaction anisotropy is XY-like. And also, the spin-fluid phase appears in spite of the Ising-like interaction anisotropy. We call these regions "inversion regions".Comment: 7 pages, 4 figure

Random phase-free kinoform for large objects

We propose a random phase-free kinoform for large objects. When not using the random phase in kinoform calculation, the reconstructed images from the kinoform are heavy degraded, like edge-only preserved images. In addition, the kinoform cannot record an entire object that exceeds the kinoform size because the object light does not widely spread. In order to avoid this degradation and to widely spread the object light, the random phase is applied to the kinoform calculation; however, the reconstructed image is contaminated by speckle noise. In this paper, we overcome this problem by using our random phase-free method and error diffusion method

Intraatrial extension of thyroid cancer: a case report.

A 61-year-old man, who was diagnosed with superior vena cava syndrome by papillary thyroid carcinoma, was referred to our hospital. A bulky thyroid tumor with tracheal invasion extended from the left neck to the right atrium without distant metastases. The risk of sudden death due to airway occlusion, tumor embolism or obstruction of the tricuspid valve led us to elect surgery. Extended resection of thyroid cancer was performed with cardiopulmonary bypass. Peritoneal dissemination was found via laparotomy. A histological diagnosis of anaplastic carcinoma arising from transformation of papillary carcinoma was made. After the operation, bilateral ureteral occlusion by peritoneal dissemination and multiple lung metastases were detected. The patient died with acute renal failure on postoperative day 12. Intraatrial extension of thyroid cancer is rare, and only 12 cases have been reported in the literature. We present a case of thyroid cancer with intraatrial extension.</p

Characteristics of Suppressor Macrophages Induced by Mycobacterial and Protozoal Infections in relation to Alternatively Activated M2 Macrophages

In the advanced stages of mycobacterial infections, host immune systems tend to change from a Th1-type to Th2-type immune response, resulting in the abrogation of Th1 cell- and macrophage-mediated antimicrobial host protective immunity. Notably, this type of immune conversion is occasionally associated with the generation of certain types of suppressor macrophage populations. During the course of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) and Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare complex (MAC) infections, the generation of macrophages which possess strong suppressor activity against host T- and B-cell functions is frequently encountered. This paper describes the immunological properties of M1- and M2-type macrophages generated in tumor-bearing animals and those generated in hosts with certain microbial infections. In addition, this paper highlights the immunological and molecular biological characteristics of suppressor macrophages generated in hosts with mycobacterial infections, especially MAC infection