Antiangiogenesis agents avastin and erbitux enhance the efficacy of photodynamic therapy in a murine bladder tumor model

10.1002/lsm.21109Lasers in Surgery and Medicine437651-662LSME

Combined use of anti-VEGF and Anti-EGFR monoclonal antibodies with Photodynamic therapy suppresses tumor growth in an in vivo tumor model

10.4172/1948-5956.1000192Journal of Cancer Science and Therapy53100-10

Stenotrophomonas and Lysobacter: ubiquitous plant-associated gamma-proteobacteria of developing significance in applied microbiology

The exploration of new source materials and the use of alternative isolation and identification methods have led to rapid expansion in the knowledge of diversity; in Lysobacter, 11 new species having been described since 2005, and in Stenotrophomonas with six new species since 2000. The new species of Lysobacter, isolated by dilution and direct plating on standard media, differ in several key phenotypic properties from those obtained by enrichment on complex polysaccharides in the original description of the genus. Revision of the definition of the genus will be required. Both culture-dependent and culture-independent methods to assess community structure, in a variety of host and nonhost environments, have established that some species of Lysobacter are a dominant component of the microflora, where previously their presence had not been suspected. Culture-independent studies have generally not added new information on the occurrence and distribution of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia and other members of the genus, which are readily isolated on standard media from source materials. Lysobacter enzymogenes and Sten. maltophilia produce similar antibiotics and share some enzyme activities which, subject to safety considerations, may make them attractive candidates for use in biological control of plant diseases and of nematodes

Dense diamond nanoneedle arrays for enhanced intracellular delivery of drug molecules to cell lines

NoNanotechnologies for intracellular delivery are of great value in clinical and biological research. Diamond nanoneedle arrays are a novel and attractive platform to facilitate drug delivery with minimal cytotoxicity. Using our technique, the cellular membranes can be temporarily disrupted for enhanced diffusion of drug molecules to cytoplasm. Herein we show that this technique is applicable to deliver different types of anticancer drugs into a variety of cell lines, although the membrane of each cell line possesses varied rigidity and hardness and each drug has its own unique properties and targets. When anticancer drugs and nanoneedle arrays are collaboratively used to treat cancer cells, the cell viability dramatically decreases by up to 40 % in comparison with the cells treated with drugs only. Attractively, therapeutic molecules can be efficiently delivered to drug-resistant cells with the aid of nanoneedle arrays. The combination of diamond nanoneedle arrays and anticancer drug cisplatin can decrease the viability of A549 cisplatin-resistant cells to about 60 %, while the cells only treated with the same concentration of drug are essentially not affected due to their drug resistance. These results indicate that dense nanoneedle arrays represent an effective approach to enhance the delivery of biological molecules to different types of cells. Such approach will certainly be beneficial to microbiological research and clinical applications in the future