294 research outputs found
Comparative Hematology During Deficiencies of Iron and Vitamin A in the Weanling Rats
The purpose of this investigation was to determine the effect of feeding male, weanling rats diets which were deficient in both vitamin A and iron on hematologic parameters.
The hematologic parameters which were measured were hemoglobin concentration, hematocrit values, red blood cell counts and cellular morphology of the blood smears as well as the level of iron stored in the liver.
In the first experiment, it was found that rats with iron and vitamin A deficiency, not only had higher hemoglobin and hematocrit values as well as higher red blood cell counts. They also had higher levels of iron in their livers when compared with rats fed diets without iron. Rats deficient in iron developed hypochromic, microcytic anemia, whereas rats deficient in vitamin A had the highest hemoglobin and hematocrit values and red cell counts.
Growth rate was retarded in rats fed diets deficient in either iron or vitamin A. However, the greatest growth retardation was obtained in rats fed diets deficient in both iron and vitamin A.
In order to study whether iron storage of the liver is impaired in vitamin A deficient rats, the second experiment was designed using 59Fe (NH4) (SO4)2 as a tracer. Rats were fed different levels of vitamin A; namely, 0 , 4 , 250 IU per kilogram of body weight per day for a six week period. At the end of the dietary period no statistically significant difference in iron storage by the liver was observed in any of the three, i.e., vitamin A deficient, vitamin A free or the control groups
Identification of a novel polyprenylated acylphloroglucinolâderived SIRT1 inhibitor with cancerâspecific anti-proliferative and invasion-suppressing activities
SIRT1, a class III histone deacetylase, plays a critical role in regulating cancer cell growth, migration and invasion, which makes it a potential target for cancer therapeutics. In this study, we screened derivatives of several groups of natural products and identified a novel SIRT1 inhibitor JQ-101, a synthetic derivative of the polyprenylated acylphloroglucinol (PPAP) natural products, with an IC(50) for SIRT1 of 30 ”M in vitro, with 5-fold higher activity for SIRT1 vs. SIRT2. Exposure of tumor cells to JQ-101 significantly enhanced acetylation of p53 and histone H4K16 at known sites of SIRT1 deacetylation, validating SIRT1 as its cellular target. JQ-101 suppressed cancer cell growth and survival by targeting SIRT1, and also exhibited selective cytotoxicity towards a panel of human tumor cell lines, while producing no toxicity in two normal human cell types at comparable concentrations. JQ-101 induced both apoptosis and cell senescence, and suppressed cancer cell invasion in vitro. In summary, we have identified JQ-101 as a new SIRT1 inhibitor which may have potential application in cancer treatment through its ability to induce tumor cell apoptosis and senescence and suppress cancer cell invasion.CA164245 - NCI NIH HHS; R01 CA101992 - NCI NIH HHS; R21 CA129046 - NCI NIH HHS; R21 CA141036 - NCI NIH HHS; P50 GM067041 - NIGMS NIH HHS; UL1RR025771 - NCRR NIH HHS; CA101992 - NCI NIH HHS; UL1 RR025771 - NCRR NIH HHS; GM-073855 - NIGMS NIH HHS; CA129046 - NCI NIH HHS; R21 CA164245 - NCI NIH HHS; GM-067041 - NIGMS NIH HHS; CA141036 - NCI NIH HHS; R01 GM073855 - NIGMS NIH HH
Sustained Robust Exciton Emission in Suspended Monolayer WSe_2 within the Low Carrier Density Regime for Quantum Emitter Applications
The development of semiconductor optoelectronic devices is moving toward low
power consumption and miniaturization, especially for high-efficiency quantum
emitters. However, most of these quantum sources work at low carrier density
region, where the Shockley-Read-Hall recombination may dominant and seriously
reduce the emission efficiency. In order to diminish the affection of carrier
trapping and sustain a strong photoluminescence emission under low power
pumping condition, we investigated on the influence of Suspending to
monolayered tungsten diselenide, novel two-dimensional quantum material. Not
only the PL intensity, but also the fundamental photoluminescence quantum yield
has exhibited a huge, order-scale enhancement through suspending, even
surprisingly, we found the PLQY improvement revealed far significantly under
small pumping power and came out an exponential increase tendency toward even
lower carrier density region. With its strong excitonic effect, suspended WSe_2
offers a solution to reduce carrier trapping and participate in non-radiative
processes. Moreover, in the low-power range where SRH recombination dominates,
suspended WSe_2 exhibited remarkably higher percentage of excitonic radiation
compared to contacted WSe_2. Herein, we quantitatively demonstrate the
significance of suspended WSe_2 monolayer at low carrier density region,
highlighting its potential for developing compact, low-power quantum emitters
in the future
Lack of Association between CLEC5A Gene Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms and Kawasaki Disease in Taiwanese Children
Background. Kawasaki disease is characterized by systemic vasculitis of unknown etiology. Previous genetic studies have identified certain candidate genes associated with susceptibility to KD and coronary artery lesions. Host innate immune response factors are involved in modulating the disease outcome. The aim of this study was to investigate CLEC5A (C-type lectin domain family 5) genetic polymorphisms with regards to the susceptibility and outcome of KD.
Methods. A total of 1045 subjects (381 KD patients and 664 controls) were enrolled to identify 4 tagging single-nucleotide polymorphisms (tSNPs) of CLEC5A (rs1285968, rs11770855, rs1285935, rs1285933) by using the TaqMan Allelic Discrimination Assay. The Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium was assessed in cases and controls, and genetic effects were evaluated by the chi-square test. Results. No significant associations were noted between the genotypes and allele frequency of the 4 CLEC5A tSNPs between controls and patients. In the patients, polymorphisms of CLEC5A showed no significant association with coronary artery lesion formation and intravenous immunoglobulin treatment response. Conclusions. This study showed for the first time that polymorphisms of CLEC5A are not associated with susceptibility to KD, coronary artery lesion formation, and intravenous immunoglobulin treatment response in a Taiwanese population
Epidemiology and outcomes of anal abscess in patients on chronic dialysis: a 14-year retrospective study
OBJECTIVES: We conducted this retrospective study to elucidate the clinical presentation and outcomes of anal abscess in chronic dialysis patients. METHODS: We performed a chart review of patients who were hospitalized for anal abscess from Jan. 2002 to Dec. 2015. A total of 3,074 episodes of anal abscess were identified. Of these, 43 chronic dialysis patients with first-time anal abscess were enrolled. Patients were divided into a surgical group and a nonsurgical group according to the treatment received during hospitalization. The baseline characteristics, clinical findings, treatments and outcomes were obtained and analyzed. The endpoints of this study were in-hospital mortality, one-year mortality and one-year recurrence. RESULTS: Of the 43 patients, 27 (62.7%) received surgical treatment, and 16 (37.2%) received antibiotic treatment alone. There was no significant difference in age, sex, body mass index, smoking habits, comorbidities, or dialysis characteristics between the two groups. Perianal abscess was the most common type of anal abscess, and 39.5% of patients experienced fistula formation. Most patients had mixed aerobic and anaerobic flora. Our data demonstrate that there was no significant difference in hospital stay, one-year survival or recurrence rate between the surgical group and nonsurgical group. However, there was a trend toward better in-hospital survival in patients who received surgical treatment (p=0.082). CONCLUSION: In chronic dialysis patients with anal abscess, there was no statistically significant difference in clinical presentation and outcomes between the surgical and nonsurgical groups, although the surgical group had a trend of better in-hospital survival
Sub-femtosecond determination of transmission delay times for a dielectric mirror (photonic bandgap) as a function of angle of incidence
Using a two-photon interference technique, we measure the delay for
single-photon wavepackets to be transmitted through a multilayer dielectric
mirror, which functions as a ``photonic bandgap'' medium. By varying the angle
of incidence, we are able to confirm the behavior predicted by the group delay
(stationary phase approximation), including a variation of the delay time from
superluminal to subluminal as the band edge is tuned towards to the wavelength
of our photons. The agreement with theory is better than 0.5 femtoseconds (less
than one quarter of an optical period) except at large angles of incidence. The
source of the remaining discrepancy is not yet fully understood.Comment: 5 pages and 5 figure
Stability of Spatial Optical Solitons
We present a brief overview of the basic concepts of the soliton stability
theory and discuss some characteristic examples of the instability-induced
soliton dynamics, in application to spatial optical solitons described by the
NLS-type nonlinear models and their generalizations. In particular, we
demonstrate that the soliton internal modes are responsible for the appearance
of the soliton instability, and outline an analytical approach based on a
multi-scale asymptotic technique that allows to analyze the soliton dynamics
near the marginal stability point. We also discuss some results of the rigorous
linear stability analysis of fundamental solitary waves and nonlinear impurity
modes. Finally, we demonstrate that multi-hump vector solitary waves may become
stable in some nonlinear models, and discuss the examples of stable
(1+1)-dimensional composite solitons and (2+1)-dimensional dipole-mode solitons
in a model of two incoherently interacting optical beams.Comment: 34 pages, 9 figures; to be published in: "Spatial Optical Solitons",
Eds. W. Torruellas and S. Trillo (Springer, New York
Regulatory cascade involving transcriptional and N-end rule pathways in rice under submergence
A Chinese Herbal Medicine, Jia-Wei-Xiao-Yao-San, Prevents Dimethylnitrosamine-Induced Hepatic Fibrosis in Rats
- âŠ