Optimal Designs for Some Selected Nonlinear Models

Some design aspects related to three complex nonlinear models are studied in this paper. For the Klimpel’s flotation recovery model, it is proved that regardless of model parameter and optimality criterion, any optimal design can be based on two design points and the right boundary is always a design point. For this model, an analytical solution for a Doptimal design is derived. For the 2-parameter chemical kinetics model, it is found that the locally D-optimal design is a saturated design. Under a certain situation, any optimal design under this model can be based on two design points. For the 2n-parameter compartment model, compared to the upper bound by Carath´eodory’s theorem, the upper bound of the maximal support size is significantly reduced by the analysis of related Tchebycheff Systems. Some numerically calculated A-optimal designs for both Klimpel’s flotation recovery model and 2-parameter chemical kinetic model are presented. For each of the three models discussed, the D-efficiency when the parameter misspecification happens is investigated. Based on two real examples from the mining industry, it is demonstrated how the estimation precision can be improved if optimal designs would be adopted. A simulation study is conducted to investigate the efficiencies of adaptive designs

Comparison of the structure and properties of equiatomic and non-equiatomic multicomponent alloys

<p>A series of equiatomic and non-equiatomic Fe<i>x</i>(NiCrCo)_{100−<i>x</i>} (at.-%, <i>x</i> = 25, 45, 55, 65, 75 and 85) multicomponent alloys were prepared and studied. With the increase in <i>x</i>, the phase structure of the alloys evolves from a single FCC phase (<i>x</i> = 25, 45 and 55), to a mixture of FCC and BCC phases (<i>x</i> = 55) and finally to a single BCC phase (<i>x</i> = 65 and 75). As a result, the BCC-structured alloys have much higher strength and hardness than the FCC-structured alloys. The existing VEC criteria are unable to predict the FCC-BCC phase transition in these alloys.</p

Additional file 1: of Effects of missense mutations in sortase A gene on enzyme activity in Streptococcus mutans

Table S1. Data of the enzyme activity assay of SrtA△N40(UA159). Table S2. Data of the enzyme activity assay of SrtA△N40(D56E). Table S3. Data of the enzyme activity assay of SrtA△N40(R157H). (DOCX 39 kb

Supplementary Materials to the Journal of Insects as Food and Feed JIFF-20220159: <strong>Limited hydrolysis combined with glycation modification of silkworm pupae (</strong><em><strong>Bombyx mori</strong></em><strong>) proteins: structure-function relationship</strong>

   In order to explore the impacts of limited hydrolysis combined with glycation modification on the structure, functional properties, allergenicity, and volatile compounds of silkworm pupae protein, the crude silkworm pupae protein was firstly extracted by alkaline-solution method, followed by Alcalase-treated limited hydrolysis for 10-30 min. Xylose was subsequently added and reacted for 1 h at 95 °C. Afterwards, the structure, functionality, allergenicity, and volatile compounds before and after modification were analysed. The molecular weight of modified silkworm pupae protein was remarkably decreased. The solubility was improved from 4.7 to 28.6%. The foaming ability was elevated by 21%. The in vitro digestibility was elevated by 34.0-44.4%. Furthermore, the abundance of six potential allergic proteins was remarkably reduced. In addition, the contents of off-flavour compounds in modified silkworm pupae proteins substantially decreased. Overall, limited hydrolysis combined with glycation modification can improve the functionality and flavour of silkworm pupae protein, while reduce the allergenicity.</p

Determination of Complete Melting and Surface Premelting Points of Silver Nanoparticles by Molecular Dynamics Simulation

A molecular dynamics simulation based on the embedded-atom method was conducted at different sizes of single-crystal Ag nanoparticles (NPs) with diameters of 4 to 20 nm to find complete melting and surface premelting points. Unlike the previous theoretical models, our model can predict both complete melting and surface premelting points for a wider size range of NPs. Programmed heating at an equal rate was applied to all sizes of NPs. Melting kinetics showed three different trends that are, respectively, associated with NPs in the size ranges of 4 to 7 nm, 8 to 10 nm, and 12 to 20 nm. NPs in the first range melted at a single temperature without passing through a surface premelting stage. Melting of the second range started by forming a quasi-liquid layer that expanded to the core, followed by the formation of a liquid layer of 1.8 nm thickness that also subsequently expanded to the core with increasing temperature and completed the melting process. For particles in the third range, the 1.8 nm liquid layer was formed once the thickness of the quasi-liquid layer reached 5 nm. The liquid layer expanded to the core and formed thicker stable liquid layers as the temperature increased toward the complete melting point. The ratio of the quasi-liquid layer thickness to the NP radius showed a linear relationship with temperature

DS_10.1177_0022034518774783 – Supplemental material for Comparison of Intraoral Bone Regeneration with Iliac and Alveolar BMSCs

<p>Supplemental material, DS_10.1177_0022034518774783 for Comparison of Intraoral Bone Regeneration with Iliac and Alveolar BMSCs by F. Wang, Y. Zhou, J. Zhou, M. Xu, W. Zheng, W. Huang, W. Zhou, Y. Shen, K. Zhao, Y. Wu and D. Zou in Journal of Dental Research</p

(An)Droid and Tribble Issue 4

Direct observation of crystallization dynamics in real space is of special interest to scientists in various disciplines. Although direct observation of transient structural transformation in a nanocrystalline system has been recently achieved using the state-of-the-art aberration-corrected transmission electron microscopy (AC-TEM), the small length scales of individual species in molecular systems still preclude routine observation of crystallization dynamics. Unidirectional packing of microbeads can serve as an experimental model system, as their dynamics can be observed and recorded readily in the laboratory due to their larger size and slower time scale. Herein, we present direct observation of a two-dimensional (2D) crystallization enabled by such a packing process. The direct imaging approach not only allows observation of the dynamics in a bead-by-bead fashion but also reveals intriguing phenomena, such as the formation of grain boundaries, disorder–order transitions, and the Moiré patterns which arise when two periodic monolayers are overlaid at certain angles. In addition, the imaging afforded by confocal microscopy facilitates a structural analysis of height-dependent polygonal tiling of the top monolayer, which has implication to the formation of 2D quasicrystals

Two-Dimensional Crystallization of Hexagonal Bilayer with Moiré Patterns

Direct observation of crystallization dynamics in real space is of special interest to scientists in various disciplines. Although direct observation of transient structural transformation in a nanocrystalline system has been recently achieved using the state-of-the-art aberration-corrected transmission electron microscopy (AC-TEM), the small length scales of individual species in molecular systems still preclude routine observation of crystallization dynamics. Unidirectional packing of microbeads can serve as an experimental model system, as their dynamics can be observed and recorded readily in the laboratory due to their larger size and slower time scale. Herein, we present direct observation of a two-dimensional (2D) crystallization enabled by such a packing process. The direct imaging approach not only allows observation of the dynamics in a bead-by-bead fashion but also reveals intriguing phenomena, such as the formation of grain boundaries, disorder–order transitions, and the Moiré patterns which arise when two periodic monolayers are overlaid at certain angles. In addition, the imaging afforded by confocal microscopy facilitates a structural analysis of height-dependent polygonal tiling of the top monolayer, which has implication to the formation of 2D quasicrystals

Two-Dimensional Crystallization of Hexagonal Bilayer with Moiré Patterns

Direct observation of crystallization dynamics in real space is of special interest to scientists in various disciplines. Although direct observation of transient structural transformation in a nanocrystalline system has been recently achieved using the state-of-the-art aberration-corrected transmission electron microscopy (AC-TEM), the small length scales of individual species in molecular systems still preclude routine observation of crystallization dynamics. Unidirectional packing of microbeads can serve as an experimental model system, as their dynamics can be observed and recorded readily in the laboratory due to their larger size and slower time scale. Herein, we present direct observation of a two-dimensional (2D) crystallization enabled by such a packing process. The direct imaging approach not only allows observation of the dynamics in a bead-by-bead fashion but also reveals intriguing phenomena, such as the formation of grain boundaries, disorder–order transitions, and the Moiré patterns which arise when two periodic monolayers are overlaid at certain angles. In addition, the imaging afforded by confocal microscopy facilitates a structural analysis of height-dependent polygonal tiling of the top monolayer, which has implication to the formation of 2D quasicrystals

Two-Dimensional Crystallization of Hexagonal Bilayer with Moiré Patterns

Direct observation of crystallization dynamics in real space is of special interest to scientists in various disciplines. Although direct observation of transient structural transformation in a nanocrystalline system has been recently achieved using the state-of-the-art aberration-corrected transmission electron microscopy (AC-TEM), the small length scales of individual species in molecular systems still preclude routine observation of crystallization dynamics. Unidirectional packing of microbeads can serve as an experimental model system, as their dynamics can be observed and recorded readily in the laboratory due to their larger size and slower time scale. Herein, we present direct observation of a two-dimensional (2D) crystallization enabled by such a packing process. The direct imaging approach not only allows observation of the dynamics in a bead-by-bead fashion but also reveals intriguing phenomena, such as the formation of grain boundaries, disorder–order transitions, and the Moiré patterns which arise when two periodic monolayers are overlaid at certain angles. In addition, the imaging afforded by confocal microscopy facilitates a structural analysis of height-dependent polygonal tiling of the top monolayer, which has implication to the formation of 2D quasicrystals