213 research outputs found
The effect of medical illness related depression on frailty in elderly subjects with heart failure
Sudden drop of fractal dimension of electromagnetic emissions recorded prior to significant earthquake
The variation of fractal dimension and entropy during a damage evolution
process, especially approaching critical failure, has been recently
investigated. A sudden drop of fractal dimension has been proposed as a
quantitative indicator of damage localization or a likely precursor of an
impending catastrophic failure. In this contribution, electromagnetic emissions
recorded prior to significant earthquake are analysed to investigate whether
they also present such sudden fractal dimension and entropy drops as the main
catastrophic event is approaching. The pre-earthquake electromagnetic time
series analysis results reveal a good agreement to the theoretically expected
ones indicating that the critical fracture is approaching
Leptogenesis from Soft Supersymmetry Breaking (Soft Leptogenesis)
Soft leptogenesis is a scenario in which the cosmic baryon asymmetry is
produced from a lepton asymmetry generated in the decays of heavy sneutrinos
(the partners of the singlet neutrinos of the seesaw) and where the relevant
sources of CP violation are the complex phases of soft supersymmetry-breaking
terms. We explain the motivations for soft leptogenesis, and review its basic
ingredients: the different CP-violating contributions, the crucial role played
by thermal corrections, and the enhancement of the efficiency from lepton
flavour effects. We also discuss the high temperature regime GeV in
which the cosmic baryon asymmetry originates from an initial asymmetry of an
anomalous -charge, and soft leptogenesis reembodies in -genesis.Comment: References updated. Some minor corrections to match the published
versio
Topological Photonics
Topology is revolutionizing photonics, bringing with it new theoretical
discoveries and a wealth of potential applications. This field was inspired by
the discovery of topological insulators, in which interfacial electrons
transport without dissipation even in the presence of impurities. Similarly,
new optical mirrors of different wave-vector space topologies have been
constructed to support new states of light propagating at their interfaces.
These novel waveguides allow light to flow around large imperfections without
back-reflection. The present review explains the underlying principles and
highlights the major findings in photonic crystals, coupled resonators,
metamaterials and quasicrystals.Comment: progress and review of an emerging field, 12 pages, 6 figures and 1
tabl
Relativistic quantum effects of Dirac particles simulated by ultracold atoms
Quantum simulation is a powerful tool to study a variety of problems in
physics, ranging from high-energy physics to condensed-matter physics. In this
article, we review the recent theoretical and experimental progress in quantum
simulation of Dirac equation with tunable parameters by using ultracold neutral
atoms trapped in optical lattices or subject to light-induced synthetic gauge
fields. The effective theories for the quasiparticles become relativistic under
certain conditions in these systems, making them ideal platforms for studying
the exotic relativistic effects. We focus on the realization of one, two, and
three dimensional Dirac equations as well as the detection of some relativistic
effects, including particularly the well-known Zitterbewegung effect and Klein
tunneling. The realization of quantum anomalous Hall effects is also briefly
discussed.Comment: 22 pages, review article in Frontiers of Physics: Proceedings on
Quantum Dynamics of Ultracold Atom
Artificial graphene as a tunable Dirac material
Artificial honeycomb lattices offer a tunable platform to study massless
Dirac quasiparticles and their topological and correlated phases. Here we
review recent progress in the design and fabrication of such synthetic
structures focusing on nanopatterning of two-dimensional electron gases in
semiconductors, molecule-by-molecule assembly by scanning probe methods, and
optical trapping of ultracold atoms in crystals of light. We also discuss
photonic crystals with Dirac cone dispersion and topologically protected edge
states. We emphasize how the interplay between single-particle band structure
engineering and cooperative effects leads to spectacular manifestations in
tunneling and optical spectroscopies.Comment: Review article, 14 pages, 5 figures, 112 Reference
The First Result of Global Commissioning of the ATLAS Endcap Muon Trigger System in ATLAS Cavern
We report on the ATLAS commissioning run from the view point of the Thin Gap Chamber (TGC), which is the ATLAS end cap muon trigger detector. All the TGC sectors with on-detector electronics are going to be installed to the ATLAS cavern by the end of September 2007. To integrate all sub-detectors before the physics run starting from early 2008, the global commissioning run together with other sub-detectors has been performed from June 2007. We have evaluated the performance of the complete trigger chain of the TGC electronics and provide the trigger signal using cosmic-ray to the sub-systems in the global run environment
Final Test at the Surface of the ATLAS Endcap Muon Trigger Chamber Electronics
For the detector commissioning planned in 2007, sector assembly of the ATLAS muon-endcap trigger chambers and final test at the surface for the assembled electronics are being done in CERN and almost completed. For the test, we built up the Data Acquisition (DAQ) system using test pulse of two types and cosmic rays in order to check functionality of the various aspects of the electronics mounted on a sector. So far, 99% of all 320,000 channels have been tested and most of them were installed into the ATLAS cavern. In this presentation, we will describe the DAQ systems and mass-test procedure in detail, and report the result of electronics test with some actual experience
Intracellular temperature mapping with a fluorescent polymeric thermometer and fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy
Cellular functions are fundamentally regulated by intracellular temperature, which influences biochemical reactions inside a cell. Despite the important contributions to biological and medical applications that it would offer, intracellular temperature mapping has not been achieved. Here we demonstrate the first intracellular temperature mapping based on a fluorescent polymeric thermometer and fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy. The spatial and temperature resolutions of our thermometry were at the diffraction limited level (200 nm) and 0.18–0.58 °C. The intracellular temperature distribution we observed indicated that the nucleus and centrosome of a COS7 cell, both showed a significantly higher temperature than the cytoplasm and that the temperature gap between the nucleus and the cytoplasm differed depending on the cell cycle. The heat production from mitochondria was also observed as a proximal local temperature increase. These results showed that our new intracellular thermometry could determine an intrinsic relationship between the temperature and organelle function
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