Acute Diarrhea Duration Between Children With Probiotic Therapy And Without Probiotic Therapy At Gotong Royong Hospital

Introduction: Diarrhea is one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity in childrenthroughout the world. Based on Basic Health Research data (Riskesdas), the highest diarrheaprevalence occurs in children aged 1-4. One of the supportive therapies given to children whohave acute diarrhea is probiotic therapy. Probiotic therapy in children with acute diarrhea canreduce the frequency and duration of diarrhea. Purpose: To analyze the differences in acute diarrhea duration between children withprobiotic therapy and without probiotic therapy, a case study in Gotong Royong Hospital. Method: An experimental study with Cohort approach. The sampling technique used in thisresearch was consecutive sampling. The procedure of this research was carried out bycollecting primary data, recording probiotic therapy given to the acute diarrhea children whocome to Gotong Royong Hospital at Surabaya and doing outpatient care, then continued withmonitoring to the patient's parents everyday to find out the duration of acute diarrhea in thechildren after probiotic therapy. This research used the Mann Whitney analysis test. Results: We found that there were significant differences between the duration of acutediarrhea in the children with probiotic therapy and the children without probiotic therapy witha value of p < 0,001 (p<0.05). The average duration of acute diarrhea in children withoutprobiotic therapy is 3.25 days. Meanwhile, the average duration of acute diarrhea in childrenwith probiotic therapy is 1.25 days. The average difference between children with andwithout probiotic therapy was two days. Conclusion: There is a difference in the duration of acute diarrhea in the children withprobiotic therapy and the children without probiotic therapy at Gotong Royong Hospital inSurabaya.

Gambaran Profil dan Infeksi Cacing Usus pada Pekerja di Tiga Rumah Potong Hewan Provinsi Riau

Background: Intestinal worm infestation is still a health problem in Indonesia that is often neglected. This disease is chronic in nature and is strongly influenced by factors of environmental hygiene and sanitation. Slaughterhouses are places where animals in the form of cows, goat/ sheep and pigs are slaughtered to be distributed to meat sellers or to reataurants. This study aims to determine the profil description and incidence of intestinal worm infestations in workers in three slaughterhouses in Riau Province.Methods: This study was a cross-sectional descriptive study in August – October 2020 in three slaughterhouses in Riau Province ( Pekanbaru, Duri and Dumai city). Stool examination was carried out using the Kato Katz Method at the Parasitology Laboratory Medical Faculty, Universitas Riau. Result: Do A total 37 workers who were examined found 35 men, age range 21 – 30 yo as much as 38% with latest education 46% was high school, length of work 1 – 5 years as much as 57% and as much as 41% have normal nutriotional status. Six workers found positive for intestinal worm infections (16%), there were three hookworm infections and one each to Trichuris trichiura, Oxyuris vermicularis and Hymenolepis diminuta.Conclusion : There were still intestinal worm infections among workers in the three slaughterhouses. Intestinal worm infection usually occurs in children and rarely occurs in adults and if it occurs in adults this may be due to poor hygiene and sanitation of the slaughterhouse workers

Genetic Admixture in the Culturally Unique Peranakan Chinese Population in Southeast Asia

10.1093/molbev/msab187Molecular Biology and Evolution38104463-447

Bipartite entanglement of the one-dimensional extended quantum compass model in a transverse field

By using the infinite time-evolving block decimation (iTEBD) method, we obtain the ground state wave function of the one-dimensional quantum compass model in a transverse field in the form of a matrix product state (MPS). Based on the MPS, quantum entanglement, order parameters, and correlation functions are calculated numerically. The bipartite entanglement measure which is defined by the singular values obtained from the singular value decomposition (SVD) of tensors is found to be capable of detecting all the quantum phase transitions in this model. The rich phase diagram that we have obtained supports that suggested previously by using the Jordan-Wigner transformation. In addition, some order parameters used to characterise different phases are also introduced

Surface symmetry-breaking and strain effects on orbital occupancy in transition metal perovskite epitaxial films

The electron occupancy of 3d-orbitals determines the properties of transition metal oxides. This can be achieved, for example, through thin-film heterostructure engineering of ABO(3) oxides, enabling emerging properties at interfaces. Interestingly, epitaxial strain may break the degeneracy of 3d-e(g) and t(2g) orbitals, thus favoring a particular orbital filling with consequences for functional properties. Here we disclose the effects of symmetry breaking at free surfaces of ABO(3) perovskite epitaxial films and show that it can be combined with substrate-induced epitaxial strain to tailor at will the electron occupancy of in-plane and out-of-plane surface electronic orbitals. We use X-ray linear dichroism to monitor the relative contributions of surface, strain and atomic terminations to the occupancy of 3z(2)-r(2) and x(2)-y(2) orbitals in La(2/3)Sr(1/3)MnO(3) films. These findings open the possibility of an active tuning of surface electronic and magnetic properties as well as chemical properties (catalytic reactivity, wettability and so on)

Usability study of pH strips for nasogastric tube placement

Aims (1) To model the process of use and usability of pH strips (2) to identify, through simulation studies, the likelihood of misreading pH strips, and to assess professional’s acceptance, trust and perceived usability of pH strips. Methods This study was undertaken in four phases and used a mixed method approach (an audit, a semi-structured interview, a survey and simulation study). The three months audit was of 24 patients, the semi-structured interview was performed with 19 health professionals and informed the process of use of pH strips. A survey of 134 professionals and novices explored the likelihood of misinterpreting pH strips. Standardised questionnaires were used to assess professionals perceived usability, trust and acceptance of pH strip use in a simulated study. Results The audit found that in 45.7% of the cases aspiration could not be achieved, and that 54% of the NG-tube insertions required x-ray confirmation. None of those interviewed had received formal training on pH strips use. In the simulated study, participants made up to 11.15% errors in reading the strips with important implications for decision making regarding NG tube placement. No difference was identified between professionals and novices in their likelihood of misinterpreting the pH value of the strips. Whilst the overall experience of usage is poor (47.3%), health professionals gave a positive level of trust in both the interview (62.6%) and the survey (68.7%) and acceptance (interview group 65.1%, survey group 74.7%). They also reported anxiety in the use of strips (interview group 29.7%, survey group 49.7%). Conclusions Significant errors occur when using pH strips in a simulated study. Manufacturers should consider developing new pH strips, specifically designed for bedside use, that are more usable and less likely to be misread