Associative classifier for uncertain data

Associative classifiers are relatively easy for people to understand and often outperform decision tree learners on many classification problems. Existing associative classifiers only work with certain data. However, data uncertainty is prevalent in many real-world applications such as sensor network, market analysis and medical diagnosis. And uncertainty may render many conventional classifiers inapplicable to uncertain classification tasks. In this paper, based on U-Apriori algorothm and CBA algorithm, we propose an associative classifier for uncertain data, uCBA (uncertain Classification Based on Associative), which can classify both certain and uncertain data. The algorithm redefines the support, confidence, rule pruning and classification strategy of CBA. Experimental results on 21 datasets from UCI Repository demonstrate that the proposed algorithm yields good performance and has satisfactory performance even on highly uncertain data

Hysteresis of soil temperature under different soil moisture and fertilizer in solar greenhouse conditions

Soil temperature is one of the important variables in spatial prediction of soil energy balance in a solar greenhouse. The objective of this study was to find a simple method to estimate the hysteresis of soil temperature under three soil moisture and two fertilizer levels in solar greenhouse conditions with tomato crop (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill). The results show that the soil moisture had no significant effects on the soil mean temperature and had significant effects on the soil hysteresis. The mean soil temperature could not express the relationship between the soil temperature and the air temperature accurately due to the soil hysteresis existence, while the correlation between the diurnal variations, air temperature and soil temperature could describe the soil hysteresis. We applied the phase of sinusoidal curve Ti = ̄Ti + Ai sin(ωt − φi )   to best approximate the hysteresis effect of soil temperatures. The soil hysteresis increased with the increase of soil depth, and the hysteresis effect of soil temperature was more and more obvious with the increase of soil moisture and the amount of fertilizer. When forecasting the soil hysteresis, we need to take into account, the change of the diurnal variations, soil temperature, the amplitude of soil temperature and initial phase.Key words: Soil moisture, fertilizer, soil temperature, solar greenhouse

Energy bands and Landau levels of ultracold fermions in the bilayer honeycomb optical lattice

We investigate the spectrum and eigenstates of ultracold fermionic atoms in the bilayer honeycomb optical lattice. In the low energy approximation, the dispersion relation has parabolic form and the quasiparticles are chiral. In the presence of the effective magnetic field, which is created for the system with optical means, the energy spectrum shows an unconventional Landau level structure. Furthermore, the experimental detection of the spectrum is proposed with the Bragg scattering techniques.Comment: To appear in Journal of Modern Optic

Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in China: where we are and where to go

Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is an effective and sometimes the only curative therapy for patients with certain hematological diseases. Allo-HSCT has been practiced in China for approximately 30 years, and great improvements have been made within the past decade, particularly in fields such as the haploidentical HSCT system, strategies to overcome relapse and GVHD, and modified HSCT for elderly patients. This review will describe the current situation and provide a prospective of these unique aspects of Allo-HSCT in China

Movement analysis of lower limb during backward walking with unstable intervention

Backward walking (BW), an emerging rehabilitative and training modality, was integrated with unstable sole construction with various hardness levels to analyze the kinematic and kinetic characteristics of the lower extremities. Eighteen participants volunteered to participate in the test. They performed walking tests under three conditions: 1) BW with normal shoes (NBW); 2) BW with unstable shoes with soft unstable elements (UBW-S); 3) BW with unstable shoes with hard unstable elements (UBW-H). The results show increased hip and ankle flexion and increased knee flexion-extension extent in the stance phase during BW with unstable shoes. The motor control mechanism of unstable BW enhanced the rehabilitation of lower limb deficiency. The attached unstable elements (UBW-S and UBW-H) induced local perturbation to stimulate proprioceptive ability and the neuromuscular system, changing the plantar loading distribution in a certain region. Future study should concentrate on the possible rehabilitative effect of unstable BW on neurological disorders and motor system deficiency

Crossbows and imperial craft organisation: the bronze triggers of China’s Terracotta Army

The Terracotta Army that protected the tomb of the Chinese emperor Qin Shihuang offers an evocative image of the power and organisation of the Qin armies who unified China through conquest in the third century BC. It also provides evidence for the craft production and administrative control that underpinned the Qin state. Bronze trigger mechanisms are all that remain of crossbows that once equipped certain kinds of warrior in the Terracotta Army. A metrical and spatial analysis of these triggers reveals that they were produced in batches and that these separate batches were thereafter possibly stored in an arsenal, but eventually were transported to the mausoleum to equip groups of terracotta crossbowmen in individual sectors of Pit 1. The trigger evidence for large-scale and highly organised production parallels that also documented for the manufacture of the bronze-tipped arrows and proposed for the terracotta figures themselves

A mathematical method to assess the yin-yang balance of commercial complexes' entrances

Shopping malls are important landmarks of modern and sustainable cities as they are substantial business and investment by themselves, and as they also facilitate the social activities of communities. Entrances to shopping malls provide a first impression to customers, thus affecting the business performance of the malls. This paper presents a method to assess the entrances of modern shopping malls by applying traditionally qualitative Feng shui practices quantitatively with an innovative mathematical model. The assessment is based on the manipulation of the yin-and-yang concept applied to the layout of Ming tang (bright court) as the focus of consideration. By applying this novel approach to three shopping malls in Guangzhou, China as a pilot study to match their commercial performance, our hypothesis appears workable. The ideology of balancing yin and yang may be practically meaningful to urban planningandthesuccessfulmeasurementofsuchbalancecouldshedlightonfuturestudies

Particle trapping and beaming using a 3D nanotip excited with a plasmonic vortex

Recent advances in nanotechnology have prompted the need for tools to accurately and noninvasively manipulate individual nano-objects. Among the possible strategies, optical forces have been widely used to enable nano-optical tweezers capable of trapping or moving a specimen with unprecedented accuracy. Here, we propose an architecture consisting of a nanotip excited with a plasmonic vortex enabling effective dynamic control of nanoparticles in three dimensions. The structure illuminated by a beam with angular momentum can generate an optical field that can be used to manipulate single dielectric nanoparticles. We demonstrate that it is possible to stably trap or push the particle from specific points, thus enabling a new, to the best of our knowledge, platform for nanoparticle manipulation. (C) 2020 Optical Society of Americ

Preparation and analysis of a new bioorganic metallic material

Biofouling on metal surfaces is one of the main reasons for increased ship drag. Many methods have already been used to reduce or remove it with moderate success. In this study, a synthetic peptide has been utilized to react with 304 stainless steel aiming to generate a bioorganic stainless steel using a facile technique. After the reaction, white matter was found on the surface of the treated stainless steel via SEM, whilst the nontreated stainless steel had none. Elemental analysis confirmed that excessive N existed on the surface of the treated samples using an integrated SEM-EDS instrument, implying the presence of peptides binding on the surface of the bioorganic stainless steel. The FTIR spectra showed amide A and II peaks on the surface of the bioorganic stainless steel suggesting that either the peptides grafted onto the steel surface or the polypeptide composition accumulated on the steel samples. XPS analysis of the treated steel demonstrated that there was nitrogen bonding on the surface and it was a chemical bond via a previously unreported chemical interaction. The treated steel has a markedly increased contact angle (water contact angle of 65.7 ± 4.7° for nontreated steel in comparison to treated, 96.4 ± 2.1°), which supported the observation of the wettability change of the surface, i.e. the decrease of the surface energy value after peptide treatment. The changes of the surface parameters (such as, Sa, Sq, Ssk and Sku) of the treated steel by surface analysis were observed