Applications of Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) for Biomolecules

Surface-enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) is a new technique for studying the biomolecules. The SERS signals are found to be enhanced enormously over the normal Raman signals. A very lower concentration of the sample is required. Some experimental techniques of SERS have been discussed in the present communication

Bianchijev kozmološki model tipa I u samotvornoj kozmologiji

A five-dimensional Bianchi type-I space-time is considered in the presence of a perfect fluid source in Barber\u27s (Gen. Relat. Gravit. 14, 117, 1982) second self-creation theory of gravitation. The model is presented using a relation between the metric potentials and an equation of state. Some physical and kinematical properties of the model are discussed.Razmatramo Bianchijev prostor-vrijeme tipa I u pet dimenzija, uz prisustvo perfektne tekućine, u drugoj Barberovoj samotvornoj teoriji gravitacije (Gen. Relat. Gravit. 14, 117, 1982). U modelu pretpostavljamo relaciju među metričkim potencijalima i jednadžbu stanja. Raspravljamo neke fizičke i kinematičke odlike modela

COMPARATIVE STUDY OF ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY OF AQUEOUS AND METHANOLIC EXTRACTS OF HIBISCUS CANNABINUS LEAF (MALVACEAE)

Objective: The present study was undertaken to investigate and compare the anti-inflammatory activity of an aqueous and methanolic extract of Hibiscus cannabinus (Malvaceae) using carrageenan-induced rat paw edema.Methods: Aqueous and methanolic extracts of Hibiscus cannabinus was prepared and tested for anti-inflammatory activity in female spargue dawley rat weighing 150-180 g. The animals were randomly divided into 6 groups of 6 each. First group served as vehicle control, second group served as standard, third and fourth group served as high (400 mg/kg) and low (200 mg/kg) dose of methanolic extract of Hibiscus cannabinus leaves (MHCL) respectively and fifth and sixth group as high (400 mg/kg) and low (200 mg/kg) dose of aqueous extract of Hibiscus cannabinus leaves (AHCL) respectively. The In vivo anti-inflammatory activity was studied using carrageenan induce rat paw edema animal model. The estimation of liver and blood parameters consist of serum glutamic oxalate transaminase (SGOT), serum glutamic pyruvate transaminase (SGPT), lipid peroxidation (LPO), reduced glutathione (GSH) and superoxide dismutase (SOD).Results: Both MHCL and AHCL extracts showed significant (*p<0.05) inhibition of rat paw edema in dose-dependent manner. The maximum percent inhibition in paw edema was found in MHCL at dose of 400 mg/kg was 52.00% and AHCL at dose of 400 mg/kg was 49.93%. Both MHCL and AHCL at dose of 400 mg/kg reduce LPO level as 31.10 nmol/g and 35.23 nmol/g respectively when compared with standard indomethacin.Conclusion: An anti-inflammatory activity was found in both MHCL and AHCL extracts. But the MHCL showed more significant anti-inflammatory activity.Keywords: Hibiscus cannabinus, Anti-inflammatory, Carrageenan, Indomethacin, EdemaÂ

FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF MUCOADHESIVE BUCCAL PATCHES OF PIROXICAM

The main objective of present investigation to formulate and evaluate mucoadhesive buccal patches of Piroxicam, using solvent casting method. HPMC K100 M were used as a mucocoadhesive polymer and PEG 400 used as a plasticizer as well as penetration enhancers. The formulated patches of piroxicam were evaluated for their appearance, weight variation, thickness, folding endurance, surface pH, swelling index, drug content, % elongation, mucoadhesive strength, in vitro drug release, kinetic release study and stability study. Among all formulated batches (S1-S8) of buccl patches batch S6 showing maximum drug release after 8 hours 94.77 % and mucoadhesive strength 10.21±0.35g). The stability study optimized batch S6 doesn’t show any changes with respect to previous evaluation carried out before stability study. It may concluded the mucoadhesive buccal patches of Piroxicam were successfully prepared using HPMC K100 M by solvent casting method, evaluated & it is better alternative to conventional drug delivery for the management of pain and arthititis

HPLC Method Development for Simultaneous Estimation of Sodium Benzoate and Potassium Sorbate in Food Products

 A Reverse Phase-High Performance Liquid Chromatography method has been developed and validated for estimation of Sodium benzoate and Potassium sorbate in food products. The RP-HPLC method for Sodium benzoate and Potassium sorbate was developed using Luna C18 column (150 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 mm) as stationary phase and Acetonitrile:Sodium acetate buffer pH 4.3 (20:80) as mobile phase at 1.0ml/min flow rate and detection was carried out at 235nm and the methods were validated in accordance with ICH guidelines. Sodium benzoate and Potassium sorbate have linearity in the concentration range of 1-30µg/ml in with correlation coefficient (r2= 0.999 & r2=0.999) respectively. Sodium benzoate and Potassium sorbate eluted at 4.9 and 6.9 min respectively. The values of LOD were 0.59 and 0.39 and LOQ were 1.8 and 1.1 for sodium nezoate and potassium sorbate respectively. Results of assay and validation study are satisfactory. So, the methods can be successfully applied for the routine analysis of Sodium benzoate and Potassium sorbate

Bouncing cosmological model with general relativistic hydrodynamics in extended gravity

In this paper, in an extended theory of gravity, we have presented bouncing cosmological model at the backdrop of an isotropic, homogeneous space-time, in presence of general relativistic hydrodynamics (GRH). The scale factor has been chosen in such a manner that with appropriate normalization, the quintom bouncing scenario can be assessed. Accordingly, the bounce occurs at $t=0$ and the corresponding Hubble parameter vanishes at the bounce epoch. The equation of state (EoS) parameter and the energy conditions of the model have been analysed. The violation of strong energy condition further supports the behaviour of extended gravity. As the bouncing cosmology suffers with instability, this model also shows the similar behaviour.Comment: 10 pages, 9 figures, Accepted version IJGMM