Teknologi Pervaporasi untuk Peningkatan Kadar Patchouli Alkohol Minyak Nilam Menggunakan Membran Selulosa Asetat

Telah dilakukan penelitian yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kadar patchouli alkohol di dalam minyak nilam. Pembuatan membran dilakukan dengan menggunakan metoda inversi fasa. Pervaporasi minyak nilam dilakukan dengan menggunakan suhu 30 °C, 40 °C, 50 °C, 60 °C dan waktu pervaporasi 1, 2, 3 dan 4 jam. Analisis kadar patchouli alkohol dilakukan menggunakan kromatografi gas, sedangkan kinerja membran dinyatakan sebagai permeabilitas (fluks) dan selektivitas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa suhu dan waktu pervaporasi berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kadar patchouli alkohol, fluks dan selektivitas. Proses pervaporasi minyak nilam dapat meningkatkan kadar patchouli alkohol 1,89 kali dari kadar patchouli alkohol sebelum dilakukan pervaporasi, yaitu dengan menggunakan suhu pervaporasi 60 °C dan waktu pervaporasi 4 jam. Nilai fluks 0,163 kg/m2 hr dan selektivitas 2,77

Peningkatan Kadar Patchouli Alkohol Minyak Nilam (Pogostemon Cablin Benth) dengan Menggunakan Membran Selulosa Asetat

Telah dilakukan penelitian yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kadar patchouli alkohol dalam minyak nilam dengan menggunakan membran nanofiltrasi selulosa asetat dan mengevaluasi kinerja membran yang digunakan. Membran yang digunakan adalah membran nanofiltrasi selulosa asetat tipe Vivaspin 15R. Proses filtrasi minyak nilam dilakukan dengan menggunakan kecepatan sentrifugasi 212 , 850, dan 1912 g serta waktu sentrifugasi 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, dan 60 menit. �adar patchouli alkohol di analisis menggunakan kromatografi gas, sedangkan kinerja membran dinyatakan sebagai permeabilitas (fluks) dan selektivitas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa filtrasi dengan menggunakan membran nanofiltrasi selulosa asetat dapat meningkatkan kadar patchouli alkohol sebesar 2 kali (61,52 %) dari kadar patchouli alkohol awal (30,08%) pada kecepatan sentrifgasi 1912 g dan waktu sentrifugasi 50 menit. Kecepatan dan waktu sentrifugasi berpengaruh signifikan terhadap nilai fluks dan selektivitas membran �ilai fluks tertinggi diperoleh sebesar 166,81 L/m2.jam dan selektivitas membran sebesar 44,91 %

Assessment of Ionizing Radiation Effects on the Hematological Parameters of Radiation-Exposed Workers

Long-term exposure to low doses of ionizing radiation may adversely affect human cells and tissues of hospital radiation workers, especially peripheral blood cell count. Blood cell count analysis is a useful screening test in a routine medical checkup. A high or low blood cells count even in a healthy-looking subject leads to the suspicion of disease and it should prompt further investigations. This study was aimed to assess the effects of ionizing radiation on the hematological parameters of radiation workers at several governmental hospitals in Indonesia and correlation between years of employment and equivalent dose on one hand and the hematological parameters on the other. It included 74 medical radiation workers occupationally exposed to low doses of ionizing radiation at the Unit of Radiology and Radiotherapy and 83 controls. Fourteen hematological parameters were measured by ABX Micros 60 Hematology analyzer and the correlation between years of employment and equivalent doseas well as hematological parameters on radiation-exposed workers were tested by linear regression analysis test. Our study reported that red blood cell and monocyte counts were significantly higher in radiation-exposed workers compared to controls, whereas white blood cells, hematocrit, mean corpuscular volume, and lymphocytes values were significantly lower in radiation-exposed workers. A significant correlation was observed between equivalent dose and red blood cells (RBCs) parameter (P=0.001) with a decline in RBC level of 0.541×106/µL per 1 mSv increase of radiation dose. The present study recommends that further studies shoulduse a larger sample size and include various independent variables (genetic polymorphism, chromosome aberration, micronucleus frequency) to study the long-term effects of low-dose radiation exposure on radiation-exposed workers

Diversity of Actinomycetes From Eka Karya Botanical Garden, Bali

A total of 229 strains of actinomycetes were isolated and identified by full sequence of 16S rRNA gene analysis. Samples consisted of 18 soil and 20 leaf-litter were collected from Eka Karya Botanical Garden, Bali Island, Indonesia. Two isolation methods, i.e. SDS-Yeast Extract (SY) and Rehydration-Centrifugation (RC) were used in this study. Based on 16S rRNA gene analysis, isolated actinomycetes may be grouped into 28 genera. Based on molecular analysis of 16S rRNA gene similarities showed that isolated actinomycetes of Eka Karya Botanical Garden origin is diverse. Analysis on 144 isolates from soil samples, resulted in 24 genera and more than 87 species. Streptomyces is the most dominant genus where 65 isolates or 45% from isolated actinomycetes belong to this genus. It was followed by Actinoplanes (25 isolates =17%). From leaf-littersamples, the total number of 85 isolates may be grouped into 9 genera and more than 41 species. The most dominated genus is Actinoplanes (42 isolates =49%) followed by Catenuloplanes (16 isolates=19%)

Mapping ergonomics application to improve SMEs working condition in industrially developing countries: a critical review

In industrially developing countries (IDC), small and medium enterprises (SMEs) account for the highest proprotion of employment. Unfortunately, the working conditions in SMEs are often very poor and expose employees to a potentially wide range of health and safety risks. This paper presents a comprehensive review of 161 articles related to ergonomics application in SMEs, using Indonesia as a case study. The aim of this paper is to investigate the extent of ergonomics application and identify areas that can be improved to promote effective ergonomics for SMEs in IDC. The most urgent issue found is the need for adopting participatory approach in contrast to the commonly implemented top-down approach. Some good practices in ergonomics application were also revealed from the review, e.g. a multidisciplinary approach, unsophisticated and low-cost solutions, and recognising the importance of productivity. The review also found that more work is still required to achieve appropriate cross-cultural adaptation of ergonomics application. Practitioner Summary: Despite continuous efforts in addressing ergonomics issues in SMEs of IDC, workers are still exposed to poor work conditions. We reviewed factual-based evidence of current ergonomics application to inform future strategies of ergonomics in IDC, using Indonesia as a case study

Interprofessional Education: A Study of Curriculum Development and Implementation in Learning Process in Applied Bachelor Study Program in Health Polytechnic of Tanjungkarang

One of the global problems in the health system is health service fragmented and overlaps among the health profession. This phenomenon occurs due to a lack of communication and cooperation among health personnel so that the health service is not effective and efficient. The transformation of health service is needed through a comprehensive and collaborative health service, which focuses on the client. Intercollaboration capability cannot be formed spontaneously, but need training since they are on campus. So that interprofessional education (IPE) should be integrated into the curriculum and the learning process should give meaningful learning experiences that can make students from different professions interact and cooperate This study is a descriptive study that aims to describe curriculum development and the implementation of IPE in four applied bachelor study programs in Poltekkes Tanjungkarang. In curriculum development activity it was obtained the agreement of IPE learning was implemented through a theoretical lecture with one credit inserted in a related course, one credit of practicum, and three credits of clinical practicum in community. Curriculum development and IPE learning development in Poltekkes Tanjungkarang was implemented based on the commitment and cooperation of all parties. The implementation of IPE learning using Team-Based Learning (TBL) and evaluation with a website-based survey. Keywords: interprofessional education (IPE), curriculum developmen

Analisis Kesesuaian Perairan untuk Pengembangan Tambak Udang Vaname (Litopenaeus Vannamei) di Kelurahan Sungai Geniot Kota Dumai

Kelurahan Sungai Geniot merupakan salah satu Kelurahan di Kecamatan Sungai Sembilan Kota Dumai yang memiliki potensi perikanan budidaya yang besar untuk dikembangkan khususnya udang vaname dengan tradisional dan semi intensif. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengkaji dan menganalisis kesesuaian lahan dan kesesuaian perairan pada pengembangan tambak udang vaname (Litopenaeus vannamei) di Kelurahan Sungai Geniot. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah purposive sampling. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah scoring dalam penilaian tingkat kesesuaian perairan untuk budidaya udang vaname, Kemudian penilaian kualitas perairan menggunakan metode matching untuk membandingkan karakteristik fisika, kimia, dan biologi perairan suatu lokasi dengan kriteria kesesuaian yang diinginkan untuk budidaya udang vaname. Hasil penelitian menunjukan kondisi kualitas perairan muara sungai maupun di bibir pantai berada dalam kondisi optimal dan masih sesuai untuk budidaya udang vaname. Status kesesuaian lahan untuk pengembangan tambak udang vaname di Kelurahan Sungai Geniot, Kota Dumai sangat berpotensi untuk kegiatan budidaya udang vaname dan pemanfaatan lahan untuk tambak dapat ditingkatkan dari 110,6 Ha menjadi 627 Ha dengan mengoptimalisasi pemanfaatan lahan yang ada. Kesesuaian lahan di Kelurahan Sungai Geniot dalam kelas sesuai yaitu dengan kisaran 48 – 51 sehingga layak dalam kegiatan pengembangan kawasan tambak udang vaname dan memiliki kontur tanah lempung liat berpasir

Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Aloe Vera sebagai Penangkal Radikal

Antiradical activity of Aloe vera extracts was studied in vitro systems. Cloudy and Clarified of Aloe vera extracts exhibited marked activity on inhibition of linoleic acid peroxidation. At a concentration of 0,15 mg, Cloudy extracts exhibited higher antioxidant activity (60,16 %) than Cloudy extracts (53,30 %). Moreover, the antioxidant activity of Clarified extracts was increased affected by the concentation in the system. Increasing the concentration of Cloudy extracts up to 0,60 mg in the system did nor alter of antoxidant activity (P 50,05). Increasing' of the concentration of activated carbon (0,00 to 0,50 % and 1,00 to 2,00 %) used for clarification of Aloe vera was produced significanly decrease in scavenging 1,1-dipheny1-2- pictylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical activity. Scavenging of free radical activity of Cloudy extracts was not affected by the concentration of extract in the system. Increasing the concentration of Clarifed Aloe vera extracts from 2,50 mg to 5,0 mg. in liposome systems was produced significantly higher of inhibitory malondyaldehyde formation than the concentration of 0,50 mg and 1,25 mg (P :50,05). Base of these results, termination of free radical reactions in Cloudy and Clarified of Aloe vera extracts is responsible for the antioxidant activity of Aloe vera extracts