Identification of Subsurface Materials in Landslide-Susceptible Areas in the Pacet-Trawas Road Corridor Using the Geoelectrical Resistivity Method

Landslides are caused by changes in the structure of subsurface materials on steep slopes due to weathered rock conditions and soil pores in saturated conditions. This study used the geoelectric resistivity method to identify the type and structure of subsurface materials in landslide-susceptible areas in the Pacet-Trawas road corridor, in Pacet District, Mojokerto Regency. The research location was an area with undulating to mountainous morphology. The geoelectrical resistivity configuration used was dipole-dipole with a measuring path length of 100 meters at three measurement points. The measurement location was based on geological formations and the distribution of landslide points along the Pacet-Trawas road corridor. The three 2D models produced showed resistivity values between 8.11 Ohm.m to 390 Ohm.m. The subsurface materials consisted of groundwater, volcanic breccia, lava rock, tuffaceous breccia, conglomerate, and andesite-basaltic at a depth of 1.5 meters to 25 meters below the ground surface. The research area was dominated by the parent rock structure of lava, volcanic breccia, basalt, and andesite. Locations with a high landslide threat were located at points two and three with subsurface materials of the conglomerate type and volcanic breccia. Keywords: geoelectrical resistivity, dipole-dipole, subsurface materia

Geomorphological Mapping for Land Suitability Evaluation

Geomorphology affects the potential of land. The geomorphological condition of an area has implications for physical characteristics, including: 1) type; 2) material; and 3) processes formed upon it. Understanding land capability allows for the evaluation of land suitability. Classification of land suitability is carried out by combining the results of land capability identification with requirements for plant growth or existing land use. Evaluation of land suitability can be done using the survey method. This study aimed to assess the suitability of land in Sumbersuko Village in Wagir District, Malang Regency. Land suitability was evaluated by matching the characteristics of the land with the land suitability class. This study used primary data taken from the regional morphology survey. Secondary data included: 1) digital elevation model data; 2) geological maps; 3) maps of soil types; and 4) Sentinel-2A images. The data from the field survey were then compiled using a geographic information system into maps using 2D and 3D modeling. The results of GIS analysis showed that Sumbersuko Village has six landform units, namely M1V1, M1V2, H2V2, U2V2, P2V2, and M3V3. Analysis of land capability and suitability of the six land units in a row gave the following results: 1) forest (highly suitable/S1); 2) forest and industry (suitable/S2); 3) plantation/agrotourism (moderately suitable /S3); 4) agriculture (not suitable/N); 5) residential area (less suitable/S3) S4); and 6) forest (highly suitable/S1). Keywords: scientific, approach, methodological, techniques, geograph

Landslide Susceptibility Assessment in Mojokerto Regency Using Logistic Regression

The impact of landslides varies from place to place, including cutting off transportation routes, destroying agricultural land, and/or destroying houses. Due to the high threat of landslides, it is necessary to make efforts to improve community preparedness by disseminating information about landslide distribution. In this research, landslide assessment was conducted using logistic regression. Twelve landslide factors were assessed including topographic position index, stream power index, slope, aspect, elevation, profile curvature, distance to drainage, soil, rainfall, land use, and distance to road. The assessment of the landslide susceptibility level in this study was highly accurate, based on the AUC value obtained, which was 0.92. The results of the assessment of the landslide susceptibility level were divided into five classes with the following areas: very low 36%, low 4.4%, moderate 2.91%, high 4.1% and very high 52.5%. Keywords: scientific, approach, methodological, techniques, geograph

The Important Role of System Dynamics Investigation on Business Model, Industry and Performance Management

Purpose: This research studies the development of the evolving dynamic system model and explores the important elements or factors and what detailed attributes are the main influences model in achieving the success of a business, industry and management. It also identifies the real and major differences between static and dynamic business management models and the detailed factors that influence them. Later, this research investigates the benefits/advantages and limitations/disadvantages of some research studies. The studies conducted in this research put more emphasis on the capabilities of system dynamics in modeling and the ability to measure, analyze and capture problems in business, industry, manufacturing etc. Design/Methodology/Approach: The research presented in this work is qualitative research based on a literature review. Publicly available research publications and reports have been used to create a research foundation, identify the research gaps, and develop new analyses from the comparative studies. As the literature review progressed, the scope of the literature search was further narrowed down to the development of system dynamics models. Often, references to certain selected literature have been examined to find other relevant literature. To do so, a supporting tool (that connects related articles) provided by Google Scholar, Scopus, and particular journals has been used. Findings: The dynamic business and management model is very different from the static business model in complexity, formality, flexibility, capturing, relationships, advantages, innovation model, new goals, updated information, perspective, and problem-solving abilities. The initial approach of a static system was applied in the canvas business model, but further developments can be continued with a dynamic system approach. Originality/value: The significant differences between static and dynamics can be used for business research and strategic performance management. This comparative study analyses some system dynamics models from many authors worldwide. Their goals are behind their strategic business models and encounters for their respective progress. This approach may serve as a checklist for new researchers in the field

A multi-disciplinary perspective on emergent and future innovations in peer review [version 1; peer review: 2 approved with reservations]

Peer review of research articles is a core part of our scholarly communication system. In spite of its importance, the status and purpose of peer review is often contested. What is its role in our modern digital research and communications infrastructure? Does it perform to the high standards with which it is generally regarded? Studies of peer review have shown that it is prone to bias and abuse in numerous dimensions, frequently unreliable, and can fail to detect even fraudulent research. With the advent of Web technologies, we are now witnessing a phase of innovation and experimentation in our approaches to peer review. These developments prompted us to examine emerging models of peer review from a range of disciplines and venues, and to ask how they might address some of the issues with our current systems of peer review. We examine the functionality of a range of social Web platforms, and compare these with the traits underlying a viable peer review system: quality control, quantified performance metrics as engagement incentives, and certification and reputation. Ideally, any new systems will demonstrate that they out-perform current models while avoiding as many of the biases of existing systems as possible. We conclude that there is considerable scope for new peer review initiatives to be developed, each with their own potential issues and advantages. We also propose a novel hybrid platform model that, at least partially, resolves many of the technical and social issues associated with peer review, and can potentially disrupt the entire scholarly communication system. Success for any such development relies on reaching a critical threshold of research community engagement with both the process and the platform, and therefore cannot be achieved without a significant change of incentives in research environments

Study of the transportation behavior of nanoparticles through low‑porosity sand pack in the absence and presence of oil

Nanoparticles exhibit unique physical properties and chemical properties and hence have received much attention from scientists and researchers in different areas of biological sciences. Nanoparticles are employed in a wide range of applications causing large quantities of these materials to be released into the environment. Yet, issues related to how and where these particles are released into the porous media still remain as major challenges. The objective of this research is directed toward the study of oxide nanoparticles transport in low-porosity sand pack and determine the distance transport by the nanoparticles in the absence and presence of oil. The nanopowders were dispersed in de-ionized water, and the horizontal column was packed with low-porosity sand (30–40% porosity) of the size of 500 µm. This experiment was carried out with four different pore volume of nanoparticle suspensions ranging from 0.25 to 1.0 PV. The column effluents were analyzed using atomic absorption spectroscopy to determine the morphology of the elements existed in the effluents. The resistivity of four different sections (metal rod 1,2, metal rod 2,3, metal rod 3,4 and metal rod 1,4) were measured using a multimeter. The transport of nanoparticles was the smoothest in paraffin oil, followed by water. In the absence of paraffin oil, the conductivity and resistivity value in water were 0.022 S/m and 44.90 Ω m, respectively, after 1.0 PV injection. In the presence of paraffin oil, the conductivity and resistivity reading were 0.026 S/m and 38.66 Ω m, respectively, after 1.0 PV injection. This indicated that the transport of nanoparticles in the presence of oil had lower resistance compared to the resistance in the absence of oil and thus, the distance transported by nanoparticles in the presence of oil was longer compared to the distance transported in the absence of oil