Struktur Insang Ikan Ompok Hypophthalmus (Bleeker 1846) Dari Perairan Sungai Siak Kota Pekanbaru

This study aimed to observe the pathology of fish gill tissue Ompok hypophthalmus from Siak River around Siak I and Siak II bridge, Pekanbaru. The research was conducted from December 2013 to April 2014. The samples were prepared for histological observation using paraffin method and stained with Hematoxylin-Eosin (HE). Data were analyzed descriptively and quantitatively based on the histopathological evaluation and the value of the damage scoring. The results showed that the gill tissue structure of O.hypophthalmus fish changed. The damage in gill tissue found at Station I were 8,4% hyperplasia, 5,9% lamella fusion, 2,9% odema and 0,9% necrosis with total damage of gill tissue was 18,1%. Meanwhile, the damage in gill tissue found at Station II were 7,1% hyperplasia, 6,1% lamela fusion, 2,4% odema and 0,9% necrosis with total damage of gill tissue was 16,5%. The results of histopathological scoring below ≤25% indicated that the condition of the gill tissue was considered normal

Keawetan Alami Kayu Meranti Merah (Shorea Leprosula Miq.) Hutan Alam dan Hutan Tanaman dari Serangan Jamur Pelapuk Kayu

This research was carried out by using JIS method to evaluate natural durability of red meranti (Shorea leprosula Miq.) plantations using Silin system. For comparison, the similiar method was done on S. leprosula from natural forests. This study used a factorial CRD (completely randomized design) with treatment of Raw Materials (S. leprosula from Natural Forest and from Plantation Forest) and Stem Position (Bottom, Middle, and Upper). Each treatment were tested against wood rot fungi such as Tyromyces palustris (brown rot) and Pycnoporus sanguineus (white rot) to determine the percentage of weight loss. The results show that T. palustris give significant effect on reducing the weight loss the wood of S. leprosula, while the interaction between the two factors was not significant. Similiar result was note on P. sanguineus that the factors of raw materials and the position of the rod give significant effect on weight loss of S. leprosula. While the interaction of these two factors significantly affect S. leprosula weight loss. The results showed that, S. leprosula timber from natural forests and plantations are tested against both types of wood rot fungi has met the standard of weight loss is required by JIS that is < 30% for brown rot fungi and < 15% for white rot fungi. It is conclude that the S. leprosula wood from plantations forest supply can be used to replace wood from natural forest S. leprosula to fulfill the require of wood. Key word : Shorea leprosula wood, Natural durability, Tyromyces palustris, Pycnoporus sanguineus, weight los

Sifat Fisikmekanik Papan Partikel Tiga Lapis Shorea Leprosula Miq. Dari Hutan Tanaman

The big companies which are work in the forestry field has been applying the SILIN to solve of decrease the woodsproblem. Shorea leprosulaMiq.is one species is planted by those companies, it usually called as plantation forest of S. leprosula. The aim of this research is to investigate the physical (moisture content, density, water absorption, thickness swelling) and mechanical (MOE,MOR,IB, screw holding strength) properties of three layers particleboard made from S. leprosula from plantation forest,with various density. The density consist of 0.6 gr/cm3; 0.7 gr/cm3 and 0.8 gr/cm3. Three layers particleboard were fulfil the requirement the JIS A 5908-2003, except for MOE and thickness swelling at the density of 0.6 gr/cm3. The results were indicated that the particleboard ofS.leprosula from natural forest better than plantation forest and have different, especially in terms of thickness swelling, water absorbtion and IB. Particleboards from plantation forest with the optimal density has produced with optimum density 0.7 gr/cm3, that aremoisture content7.24% ; density 0.66 gr/cm3; thickness swelling dari 26.31%; water absorption 76.34%; MOE 24781.86 kg/cm2; MOR 227.35 kg/cm2; IB 4.38 kg/cm2 ; and screw holding 77.13 kg. Key Words : Shorea leprosula Miq., particleboard three layers, density, physical properties, mechanical propertie

Seleksi Fenotipe Populasi Padi Gogo Untuk Hasil Tinggi, Toleran Alumunium Dan Tahan Blas Pada Tanah Masam

The aim of this research was to get upland rice lines with high yield, aluminum tolerance and resistance to blast. Genetic material used were 380 lines (F6) from six hybridization combinations evaluated under Al stress condition in environment endemic blast using augmented design with five randomized blocks. Performance of lines in the field and level of tolerance was tested. The results showed five genetic clusters formed from 380 lines of upland rice in a test based on quantitative characters. Cluster number 2 was the best cluster with characters: uniform growth vigor of plants, early flowering days, early maturing, medium plant height, high productive tillers, medium panicle length, high number of filled grain, the lowest of empty grains, high weight of 5 panicles and high yield potential. Aluminum tolerance and blast resistance were observed in almost all clusters. The lines in cluster 2 had the highest resistance to blast (98%) and tolerance to Al (94%)

Peran Herpetofauna dalam Bidang Kesehatan: Peluang dan Tantangan

Skin secretions and venom from many species of amphibi (frogs and toads) and reptil (group of herpetofauna) from different famillies contain a wide range of unique physiological compounds with biological activity such as peptide, protein, non-protein, and enzyme. They are potent for drug development. The compounds, known as mode of action have practical application as pharmaceutical agents, diagnostic reagents or preparative tools. Peptides with potential anticancer, fibrinolityc, antibacterial, antifungal, antidiabetic activity play important roles in human health. This review introduces roles of herpetofauna for drugs development, potential therapeutic values and their application in human health and disease.Key words: Herpetofauna, skin secretion, venom, drugs development, health

Control of Dry-Wood Termite Infestation by Bait System

Chemical treatments with a liquid formulation have been widely used to prevent the infestation of dry-wood termites in buildings. However, such chemical treatments are problematic due to health and the environmental considerations. Therefore, it is important to develop remedial treatments that do not pose environmental hazards. This study was conducted to develop a control strategy for dry-wood termite infestation using a bait system. Two types of experiments were designed to evaluate the performance of a bait system intended to control dry-wood termite. A gel formulation with an active ingredient (2.15% hydramethylnon) and food attractants was used for the testing (Types I and II). In the first type of experiment, Type I, the effectiveness of the bait in a small wood block specimen was evaluated. Feeding arena lumber with artificial galleries was prepared for the Type II experiment so that the response of the insects to the gel could be observed. In general, the average percentage termites that died after being exposed to the gel formulation in all two types of experiment was more than 65%, and in the gel control the average percentage of live termites was more than 75% in Type I, and more than 95% in Type II. These results suggest that the gel bait system used in this study has the potential to eliminate dry-wood termite. Further investigation will be indispensable to increase the reliability of the bait system as a control strategy for dry-wood termites

Pemanfaatan Ruang Kawasan Strategis Pariwisata Nusa Penida (Dampak Sosial & Budayanya)

Buku ini berisi tentang pemanfaatan ruang kawasan strategis pariwisata Nusa Penida. Kondisi kepariwisataan di Kecamatan Nusa Penida Kabupaten Klungkung Provinsi Bali, dalam pengembangan kawasan strategis pariwisata di Nusa Penida. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini bersifat normatif dan deskriftif kualitatif. Perda No. 1 Tahun 2013 tentang RTRW Kabupaten Klungkung mengatur pola ruang di Nusa Penida sebagian besar adalah kawasan hutan lindung, kawasan pantai berhutan bakau, taman wisata alam, kawasan konservasi perairan, kawasan pariwisata, dan untuk kawasan permukiman. Sebagai pengembangan kawasan strategis pariwisata maka perlu dikaji agar pembangunan yang terjadi sesuai dengan pola ruang yang telah diatur untuk menjaga kelestarian lingkungan dan pembangunan yang berkelanjutan. Kekayaan keanekaragaman hayati laut Nusa Penida mendorong masyarakat Nusa Penida bersama-sama dengan pemangku kepentingan lainnya meliputi Desa Adat, Pemerintah Kabupaten Klungkung, Kementerian Kelautan dan Perikanan, LSM internasional seperti The Nature Conservancy, Coral Triangle Center, iv dan Conservation International Indonesia, LSM lokal serta perguruan tinggi telah bekerja keras untuk melindungi dan melestarikannya. Sumberdaya wisata, Nusa Penida memiliki beragam kekayaan budaya sebagai daya tarik wisata budaya yang berupa hasil olah cipta, rasa dan karsa manusia sebagai makhluk budaya. Daya tarik wisata budaya dalam bentuk warisan budaya kebendaan atau bersifat berwujud (tangible), antara lain: benda dan bangunan cagar budaya, situs cagar budaya, pura, peninggalan sejarah, dan permukiman tradisional di desa-desa adat

In-vitro Anti-tuberculosis Activity and Phytochemical Screening of Lantana (Lantana Camara L.) Flower

This study aimed to determine the quality of raw materials, screen the phytochemicals, and evaluate the anti-tuberculosis activity of Lantana (Lantana camara L.) flower extract. The method used was direct observation in the laboratory. Lantana flower were processed into crude drugs and then extracted using 70% ethanol solvent. The extract obtained was evaluated for phytochemical screening and anti-tuberculosis activity assay. The in-vitro anti-tuberculosis activity assay was carried out using the Lowenstein-Jensen method. The results showed that the ethanolic extract of the Lantana flower was thick, dark brown with an aromatic odour and tasteless. The ethanolic extract of the Lantana flower showed a specific gravity of 1.0028 g/ml, the ethanol-soluble extractable of 1.15%, water-soluble extractable of 1.187%, the loss on drying of 8.21%, and total ash content of 9.40%. It contained chemical compounds such as alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, steroids, and glycosides. The in-vitro results showed that extract at concentrations of 25, 50, and 100 µg/ml showed no colonies on the media from the 1st to the 6th week. Hence can be reported as susceptible. It can be concluded that the ethanol extract of the Lantana flower contains chemical compounds that potentially as anti-tuberculosis

Penerapan Pijat Rolling Massage Menggunakan Minyak Lavender Dengan Relaksasi Murottal Al Quran Untuk Kelancaran Pengeluaran Asi Ibu Postpartum

ASI mengandung berbagai zat yang dibutuhkan dalam proses pertumbuhan, perkembangan, kesehatan dan imunitas bayi. Ini merupakan makanan pertama, utama dan terbaik bagi bayi yang bersifat alamiah. ASI yang diproduksi selama hari-hari setelah pertama kelahiran, mengandung kolostrum yang dapat melindungi bayi dari penyakit. Komponen penting untuk kelangsungan hidup bayi adalah dengan pemberian ASI sedini mungkin. Hambatan pemberian ASI eksklusif pada bayi baru lahir sering disebabkan karena ASI belum keluar dan berkurangnya produksi ASI, hal ini karena berkurangnya hormon prolaktin dan hormon oksitosin yang sangat berperan dalam kelancaran pengeluaran ASI. Tujuan pada penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui Perubahan&nbsp; kelancaran pengeluaran ASI pada ibu postpartum dengan rolling massagemenggunakan minyak lavender dan relaksasi murottal Al Qur”an. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif kualitatif dengan studi kasus. Partisipannya adalah 3 orang ibu postpartum yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah lembar persetujuan, lembar observasi, timbangan bayi, alat tulis, audio, minyak lavender, dan handpone. Setelah dilakukan penerapan pijat rolling massage menggunakan minyak lavender dengan relaksasi murottal Al Quran, semua ketiga partisipan pengeluaran ASI menjadi lebih lancar (100%). Kesimpulan : Penerapan pijat rolling massage menggunakan minyak lavender dengan relaksasi murtottal Al Quran efektif untuk kelancaran pengeluaran ASI ibu postpartum. ASI mengandung berbagai zat yang dibutuhkan dalam proses pertumbuhan, perkembangan, kesehatan dan imunitas bayi. Ini merupakan makanan pertama, utama dan terbaik bagi bayi yang bersifat alamiah. ASI yang diproduksi selama hari-hari setelah pertama kelahiran, mengandung kolostrum yang dapat melindungi bayi dari penyakit. Komponen penting untuk kelangsungan hidup bayi adalah dengan pemberian ASI sedini mungkin. Hambatan pemberian ASI eksklusif pada bayi baru lahir sering disebabkan karena ASI belum keluar dan berkurangnya produksi ASI, hal ini karena berkurangnya hormon prolaktin dan hormon oksitosin yang sangat berperan dalam kelancaran pengeluaran ASI. Tujuan pada penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui Perubahan&nbsp; kelancaran pengeluaran ASI pada ibu postpartum dengan rolling massagemenggunakan minyak lavender dan relaksasi murottal Al Qur”an. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif kualitatif dengan studi kasus. Partisipannya adalah 3 orang ibu postpartum yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah lembar persetujuan, lembar observasi, timbangan bayi, alat tulis, audio, minyak lavender, dan handpone. Setelah dilakukan penerapan pijat rolling massage menggunakan minyak lavender dengan relaksasi murottal Al Quran, semua ketiga partisipan pengeluaran ASI menjadi lebih lancar (100%). Kesimpulan : Penerapan pijat rolling massage menggunakan minyak lavender dengan relaksasi murtottal Al Quran efektif untuk kelancaran pengeluaran ASI ibu postpartum