Prise en charge de l’hyperparathyroidie primaire : a propos de 25 cas et revue de la littérature

Objectif : Les auteurs rapportent leur expérience dans la prise en charge de l’hyperparathyroïdie primaire (HPTP) et comparent leurs résultats par rapport aux données de la littérature en discutant les avantages potentiels des différentes techniques chirurgicales. Matériel et méthodes : Il s’agit d’une étude rétrospective à propos de 25 patients colligés sur 8 ans (1998-2005). Tous les patients ont bénéficié d’une échographie cervicale, d’un bilan rénal et d’un dosage de la calcémie et de la parathormonémie (PTH). Une TDM cervicale a été pratiquée dans 8 cas et une IRM dans 3 cas. Une scintigraphie à la tétrofosmine a été réalisée dans 10 cas, et à double isotope (thallium 201-technétium 99) dans 2 cas. Une cervicotomie avec exploration bilatérale systématique des 2 loges thyroïdiennes a été pratiquée dans tous les cas. En postopératoire, la surveillance a été clinique et biologique avec un recul moyen de 22 mois. Résultats : La calcémie était élevée chez 23 patients et la PTH dans tous les cas. L’échographie a détecté une hypertrophie d’une glande parathyroïde chez 14 patients (56%) et de 2 glandes chez 1 seul patient. La TDM cervicale a permis de localiser la lésion dans 5 cas. L’IRM était normale dans les 3 cas où elle a été pratiquée. La scintigraphie a montré une hyperfixation dans 8 cas. Une exérèse d’adénomes a été pratiquée dans 92% et une parathyroïdectomie subtotale dans 8% des cas. Le taux de guérison était de 88% après première intervention. Une reprise chirurgicale avec exérèse d’adénome a été pratiquée chez 2 patients (8%). Par ailleurs aucune complication n’a été notée en postopératoire. Conclusion : La chirurgie parathyroïdienne classique donne de bons résultats avec des taux de guérison élevés et un taux de morbidité global faible. Ces résultats sont comparables avec ceux de la littérature. La chirurgie mini-invasive donne des résultats semblables mais impose des impératifs techniques, une imagerie performante et des patients rigoureusement sélectionnés.Mots-clés : hypercalcémie, hyperparathyroïdie primaire,  hyperparathormonémie, chirurgie parathyroïdienn

A single-vendor and a single-buyer integrated inventory model with ordering cost reduction dependent on lead time

Lead time is one of the major limits that affect planning at every stage of the supply chain system. In this paper, we study a continuous review inventory model. This paper investigates the ordering cost reductions are dependent on lead time. This study addressed two-echelon supply chain problem consisting of a single vendor and a single buyer. The main contribution of this study is that the integrated total cost of the single vendor and the single buyer integrated system is analyzed by adopting two different (linear and logarithmic) types ordering cost reductions act dependent on lead time. In both cases, we develop effective solution procedures for finding the optimal solution and then illustrative numerical examples are given to illustrate the results. The solution procedure is to determine the optimal solutions of order quantity, ordering cost, lead time and the number of deliveries from the single vendor and the single buyer in one production run, so that the integrated total cost incurred has the minimum value. Ordering cost reduction is the main aspect of the proposed model. A numerical example is given to validate the model. Numerical example solved by using Matlab software. The mathematical model is solved analytically by minimizing the integrated total cost. Furthermore, the sensitivity analysis is included and the numerical examples are given to illustrate the results. The results obtained in this paper are illustrated with the help of numerical examples. The sensitivity of the proposed model has been checked with respect to the various major parameters of the system. Results reveal that the proposed integrated inventory model is more applicable for the supply chain manufacturing system. For each case, an algorithm procedure of finding the optimal solution is developed. Finally, the graphical representation is presented to illustrate the proposed model and also include the computer flowchart in each model

Impaired phagocytic activity of neutrophils in patients receiving haemodialysis: the critical role of iron overload.

The metabolic burst (as measured by the spontaneous and stimulated nitroblue tetrazolium tests), the phagocytosis of heat inactivated bakers' yeast and of Staphylococcus aureus, the killing of Staph aureus, and the myeloperoxidase activity of polymorphonuclear neutrophils were studied in 11 patients receiving maintenance haemodialysis. Of these patients, six were polytransfused and had high serum ferritin concentrations (mean 5940 (SD 2925) micrograms/l; group 1), and five had normal serum ferritin values (mean 171 (116) micrograms/l; group 2). Patients in group 1 had a history of more infectious episodes (0.167 v 0.025 per patient per month) and significantly more genitourinary infections (p = 0.015) than those in group 2. Phagocytosis and myeloperoxidase activity were severely reduced in group 1 but normal in group 2. Percentages of neutrophils ingesting one or more particles together with the index of phagocytosis in patients' serum were inversely correlated with serum ferritin concentrations. Four patients in group 1 were treated with desferrioxamine, and after six to 18 weeks of treatment phagocytosis and myeloperoxidase activity had returned to normal in three of them. These data suggest that in patients receiving haemodialysis iron overload due to multiple transfusions plays an important part in the mechanisms underlying the susceptibility to bacterial infections, mediated at least partially through impaired neutrophil function

Le cholesteatome extensif de L\'Oreille moyenne

No Abstract. Journal Tunisien d\'ORL et de chirurgie cervico-faciale Vol. 17 2006: pp. 38-4

Beyond the Harris’ model to optimally define lot sizes in a Make-to-Stock multi-line production system

Since 1913, the Harris’ model is adopted within intermittent production systems to size the batches to produce and purchase. For each product, the model sets the so-called Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) as the quantity optimally trading-off the cost of orders and the average stock cost. Traditionally, the EOQ from the Harris’ model is a milestone for make-to-stock (MTS) production systems. In addition, existing extensions of the base model are in the direction of including multiple actors of the supply chain, i.e. joint economic lot size, and tailored product management policies, i.e. consignment stock. A basic hypothesis behind the lot size models is that the production line productivity is higher than the average market demand so that a dynamic equilibrium becomes feasible. Nevertheless, in the case of permanent or temporary high product request, the productivity of a single production line can be insufficient. This case makes of interest the adoption of multi-line production systems. Such systems are made of parallel production lines able to produce the same product at the same final qualitative standards so that the output is a unique batch of identical products. This paper investigates MTS multi-line systems presenting two formulations of the EOQ model for the case of identical lines (1) and the case of lines with different productivity and setup cost (2). Finally, an application of the model is done with data taken from a leading company operating in the beverage packaging sector