1,108 research outputs found
Balanced Allocation on Graphs: A Random Walk Approach
In this paper we propose algorithms for allocating sequential balls into
bins that are interconnected as a -regular -vertex graph , where
can be any integer.Let be a given positive integer. In each round
, , ball picks a node of uniformly at random and
performs a non-backtracking random walk of length from the chosen node.Then
it allocates itself on one of the visited nodes with minimum load (ties are
broken uniformly at random). Suppose that has a sufficiently large girth
and . Then we establish an upper bound for the maximum number
of balls at any bin after allocating balls by the algorithm, called {\it
maximum load}, in terms of with high probability. We also show that the
upper bound is at most an factor above the lower bound that is
proved for the algorithm. In particular, we show that if we set , for every constant , and
has girth at least , then the maximum load attained by the
algorithm is bounded by with high probability.Finally, we
slightly modify the algorithm to have similar results for balanced allocation
on -regular graph with and sufficiently large girth
Matter-wave interferometry in periodic and quasi-periodic arrays
We calculate within a Bose-Hubbard tight-binding model the matter-wave flow
driven by a constant force through a Bose-Einstein condensate of Rb 87 atoms in
various types of quasi-onedimensional arrays of potential wells. Interference
patterns are obtained when beam splitting is induced by creating energy
minigaps either through period doubling or through quasi-periodicity governed
by the Fibonacci series. The generation of such condensate modulations by means
of optical-laser structures is also discussed.Comment: 11 pages, 6 figures. To appear in Opt. Com
Expression of TGFβ1 by Pulp Tissue of Human Permanent and Primary Teeth Capped by BiodentineTM
BiodentineTM,represented a novel bioactive tricalcium silicate cement ,that is introduced into dentistry. It was suggested to be biocompatible, having optimal working and setting time, excellent workability with superior adhesion to tooth structure. BiodentineTM was proved to maintain pulp as a vital tissue and enhance dentinal bridging, as alternative to Mineral trioxide aggregate that can be provided with a better handling characteristics and shorter working time. Moreover, dental pulp cells have the potential to differentiate into odontoblast-like cells and enhanced reparative dentine.In the present study "BiodentineTM" was directly applied on the dental pulp of cultured tooth of (36) human maxillary first premolars and (36) human maxillary first primary molar tooth . After various culture periods (2,14 and 28) days, the interaction of the material with dental pulp tissue was analyzed on tissue cultures. The effect of this material on TGFB1 expression on pulp tissue was studied by immunohistochemical investigation. The results illustrate that BiodentineTM" induced mineralized foci formation early after its application as direct pulp capping material in permanent and primary teeth. The mineralization appeared beneath the reparative dentine. BiodentineTM shows a highl significant increment of TGF- β1 expression by pulp cells (P< 0.01) in both permanent and primary teeth.Conclusions: When "BiodentineTM" was applied as direct pulp capping material for permanent and primary teeth, it induced an early form of reparative dentine synthesis, probably due to a modulation of pulp cell for expression TGF-β1. Keywords: Transforming growth factor(TGF), Biodentine, pulp cell
gp25L/emp24/p24 Protein Family Members of the cis-Golgi Network Bind Both COP I and II Coatomer
Abstract. Five mammalian members of the gp25L/ emp24/p24 family have been identified as major constituents of the cis-Golgi network of rat liver and HeLa cells. Two of these were also found in membranes of higher density (corresponding to the ER), and this correlated with their ability to bind COP I in vitro. This binding was mediated by a K(X)KXX-like retrieval motif present in the cytoplasmic domain of these two members. A second motif, double phenylalanine (FF), present in the cytoplasmic domain of all five members, was shown to participate in the binding of Sec23 (COP II). This motif is part of a larger one, similar to the F/YXXXXF/Y strong endocytosis and putative AP2 binding motif. In vivo mutational analysis confirmed the roles of both motifs so that when COP I binding was expected to be impaired, cell surface expression was observed, whereas mutation of the Sec23 binding motif resulted in a redistribution to the ER. Surprisingly, upon expression of mutated members, steady-state distribution of unmutated ones shifted as well, presumably as a consequence of their observed oligomeric properties
Quantum Field Theoretical Analysis on Unstable Behavior of Bose-Einstein Condensates in Optical Lattices
We study the dynamics of Bose-Einstein condensates flowing in optical
lattices on the basis of quantum field theory. For such a system, a
Bose-Einstein condensate shows a unstable behavior which is called the
dynamical instability. The unstable system is characterized by the appearance
of modes with complex eigenvalues. Expanding the field operator in terms of
excitation modes including complex ones, we attempt to diagonalize the
unperturbative Hamiltonian and to find its eigenstates. It turns out that
although the unperturbed Hamiltonian is not diagonalizable in the conventional
bosonic representation the appropriate choice of physical states leads to a
consistent formulation. Then we analyze the dynamics of the system in the
regime of the linear response theory. Its numerical results are consitent with
as those given by the discrete nonlinear Schrodinger equation.Comment: 16pages, 4figure
Rotating BEC in an optical lattice in Uniformly frustrated Josephson Junction arrays regime: Vortex configuration formulation for ground state
We consider a rotating BEC in an optical lattices in a regime which can be
mapped to the Joseohson junction arrays. In this regime, we formulate the
ground state energy in terms of vortex configuration. This method give us the
vortex lattice in the ground state in a natural way. We apply our result for an
approximation scheme of the problem which we suppose that the coupling of the
Josephson junctions are uniform. Application of method for ladder case
presented and the results compared with Monte-Carlo method numerically.We
discuss about restriction of method and suggest improvement for it.Comment: 6 pages, 7 figure
Creating, moving and merging Dirac points with a Fermi gas in a tunable honeycomb lattice
Dirac points lie at the heart of many fascinating phenomena in condensed
matter physics, from massless electrons in graphene to the emergence of
conducting edge states in topological insulators [1, 2]. At a Dirac point, two
energy bands intersect linearly and the particles behave as relativistic Dirac
fermions. In solids, the rigid structure of the material sets the mass and
velocity of the particles, as well as their interactions. A different, highly
flexible approach is to create model systems using fermionic atoms trapped in
the periodic potential of interfering laser beams, a method which so far has
only been applied to explore simple lattice structures [3, 4]. Here we report
on the creation of Dirac points with adjustable properties in a tunable
honeycomb optical lattice. Using momentum-resolved interband transitions, we
observe a minimum band gap inside the Brillouin zone at the position of the
Dirac points. We exploit the unique tunability of our lattice potential to
adjust the effective mass of the Dirac fermions by breaking inversion symmetry.
Moreover, changing the lattice anisotropy allows us to move the position of the
Dirac points inside the Brillouin zone. When increasing the anisotropy beyond a
critical limit, the two Dirac points merge and annihilate each other - a
situation which has recently attracted considerable theoretical interest [5-9],
but seems extremely challenging to observe in solids [10]. We map out this
topological transition in lattice parameter space and find excellent agreement
with ab initio calculations. Our results not only pave the way to model
materials where the topology of the band structure plays a crucial role, but
also provide an avenue to explore many-body phases resulting from the interplay
of complex lattice geometries with interactions [11, 12]
Localized states in 2D semiconductors doped with magnetic impurities in quantizing magnetic field
A theory of magnetic impurities in a 2D electron gas quantized by a strong
magnetic field is formulated in terms of Friedel-Anderson theory of resonance
impurity scattering. It is shown that this scattering results in an appearance
of bound Landau states with zero angular moment between the Landau subbands.
The resonance scattering is spin selective, and it results in a strong spin
polarization of Landau states, as well as in a noticeable magnetic field
dependence of the factor and the crystal field splitting of the impurity
levels.Comment: 12 pages, 4 figures Submitted to Physical Review B This version is
edited and updated in accordance with recent experimental dat
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