Cross-cultural adaptation and validation of diabetes-39 in Turkish patients with type 2 diabetes

To translate Diabetes-39 quality of life scale (D-39) into Turkish, to accomplish a cross-cultural adaptation, to demonstrate validity and reliability of Turkish version (D-39-TR). A total of 214 patients with type 2 diabetes were included, with an average age of 52.59 ± 14.83, a female/male ratio of 51/49%. Internal consistency and test–retest reliability were assessed by Cronbach’s alpha coefficient and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), respectively. For structural validity, factor analysis was used. The SF-36 was used for convergent validity, and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) was used for differential validity. The Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was over 0.70 for all subscales of D-39-TR and it was 0.93 for whole D-39-TR. No problematic items were detected in the scale. The ICC for test–retest reliability was 0.91 (95% CI 0.91–0.94). The test–retest consistency for the total score was r = 0.94, p r=−0.48, p r = 0.31, p p  Turkish version of D-39 is a reliable and valid scale for measuring QoL in patients with type 2 diabetes.IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATIONThe Turkish version of the Diabetes-39 (D-39) is a valid and reliable questionnaire and can be used in patients with type 2 diabetes.The Turkish version of the D-39 offers a useful tool for better identifying quality of life of patients with type 2 diabetes who are at risk for adverse outcomes.The Turkish version of the D-39 can be used to evaluate the effectiveness of attempts to increase quality of life in patients with type 2 diabetes. The Turkish version of the Diabetes-39 (D-39) is a valid and reliable questionnaire and can be used in patients with type 2 diabetes. The Turkish version of the D-39 offers a useful tool for better identifying quality of life of patients with type 2 diabetes who are at risk for adverse outcomes. The Turkish version of the D-39 can be used to evaluate the effectiveness of attempts to increase quality of life in patients with type 2 diabetes.</p