Histopathologic and immunohistochemical investigations of dental abscess formed in maxillofacial area

Background: An abscess is a pocket of pus that forms around the root of an infected tooth. In this study, we aimed to investigate the extracellular matrix proteases ADAMTS1, ADAMTS4, osteonectin, and osteopontin expressions in abscess fluid cells in jaws after implantation and prosthesis operation. Materials and methods: In this clinical study, abscess fluids belonging to 17 patients who applied to the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery were examined histopathologically and immunohistochemically. In the histopathological examination of the abscess fluid, separation of chromatin bridges in the nuclei of neutrophil cells, pyknosis and apoptotic changes in the nucleus, degenerative change in the cytoplasm, and occasional vacuolar structures were observed. Results: The positive reaction of ADAMTS1 was observed in fibroblast cells, plasma cells, and macrophage cells. The positive reaction of ADAMTS4 was observed in fibroblast cells, osteoclast cells, and some apoptotic leukocyte cells. Osteopontin expression in osteoclastic cells and polymorphonuclear cells was defined as positive. Osteonectin expression was positive in polymorphonuclear leukocytes and hypertrophic fibroblast cells. Conclusions: ADAMTS1 and ADAMTS4 may induce bone destruction with its distinctive property in alveolar bone resorption, which promotes the activation of osteoclasts, which can accelerate the destruction of the extracellular matrix in the acute phase. Furthermore, osteoclastic activity increased with the increase of osteonectin and osteopontin protein expression due to inflammation in the abscess cases

Utilisation of Infrared Stabilised Immature Rice Grains in a Cereal Based Fermented Food: Tarhana

Immature rice grain is one of the under-valued by-products of rice milling industry. In this study, it was aimed to investigate the effects of immature rice grain flour (IRGF) substitution to tarhana, which is a traditional cereal-based, fermented food product. IRGF was replaced by refined wheat flour at the levels of 0 (control), 30, 50, 70, and 100%, and the effect of this replacement on the contents of crude fat, ash, protein, dietary fibre, phytic acid, minerals, vitamins B1 and B2, tocopherols, γ-oryzanol contents and sensory properties were investigated. It was shown that stabilised IRGF remarkably improved nutritional properties of the end product without adversely affecting sensory quality up to 50%. In conclusion, it could be suggested that stabilised IRGF has a promising potential for many food applications due to being cheap, accessible, nutritious, and gluten-free

Investigation of temporal bone asymmetry in cases with unilateral tinnitus: morphometric and multicentric clinical study

The aim of this multicentric study was to compare the anatomical structures of temporal bone in patients with unilateral tinnitus with their healthy ears. We also aimed at evaluating whether age and gender-related asymmetrical changes occur in temporal bones or not. Fifty two ears of 26 patients who had unilateral tinnitus were included into the retrospective study. The patients who had subjective nonpulsatile tinnitus and who previously had temporal computed tomography according to their file records were accepted to study. Temporal CT scans and audiometric results of patients were examined retrospectively. Middle ear volume, diameter of internal acoustic meats and diameter of jugular bulb were evaluated by both anatomist and radiologist, interobserverly. Internal acoustic meats and jugular bulb were found larger in the ears that had tinnitus than healthy ears; however, there was no statistically significance. The stereological morphometrical study of temporal bone asymmetry in humans correlate with sex is of importance for both otolarygologs and anatomists. These results will contribute to data on middle ear volume, internal acustic meats and jugular bulb sizes

The outcome of 41 Late-Diagnosed Turkish GA-1 Patients: A Candidate for the Turkish NBS

Background: Glutaric aciduria type 1(GA-1) is an inherited cerebral organic aciduria. Untreated patients with GA-1 have a risk of acute encephalopathic crises during the first 6 years of life. In so far as GA-1 desperately does not exist in Turkish newborn screening (NBS) program, most patients in our study were late-diagnosed. / Method: This study included 41 patients diagnosed with acylcarnitine profile, urinary organic acids, mutation analyses in the symptomatic period. We presented with clinical, neuroradiological, and molecular data of our 41 patients. / Results: The mean age at diagnosis was 14.8 13.9 (15 days to 72 months) and, high blood glutaconic acid, glutarylcarnitine and urinary glutaric acid (GA) levels in 41 patients were revealed. Seventeen different mutations in the glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase gene were identified, five of which were novel. The patients, most of whom were late-diagnosed, had a poor neurological outcome. Treatment strategies made a little improvement in dystonia and the frequency of encephalopathic attacks. / Conclusion: All GA-1 patients in our study were severely affected since they were latediagnosed, while others show that GA-1 is a treatable metabolic disorder if it is diagnosed with NBS. This study provides an essential perspective of the severe impact on GA-1 patients unless it is diagnosed with NBS. We immediately advocate GA-1 to be included in the Turkish NBS

Relationship of vascular variations with liver remnant volume in living liver transplant donors

Background: In this study, we investigated the relationship between the portal vein and hepatic artery variations and the remaining liver volume in living donors in liver transplantation.Materials and methods: In the study, triphasic abdominal computed tomography images of 180 live liver donor candidates were analysed retrospectively. Portal veins were divided into four groups according to the Nakamura classification and seven groups according to the Michels classification. The relationship between vascular variations and remnant liver volume was compared statistically.Results: According to the Nakamura classification, there were 143 (79.4%) type A, 23 (12.7%) type B, 7 (3.9%) type C and 7 (3.9%) type D cases. Using the Michels classification, 129 (71%) type 1, 12 (6.7%) type 2, 24 (13%) type 3, 2 (2.2%) type 4, 10 (5.6%) type 5, 1 (0.6%) type 6, and 2 (1.1%) type 7 cases were detected. There was no significant difference in the percentage of the remaining volume of the left liver lobe between the groups (p = 0.055, p = 0.207, respectively).Conclusions: Variations in the hepatic artery and portal vein do not affect the remaining liver volume in liver transplantation donors

Is there a gender difference in anatomic features of incisive canal and maxillary environmental bone?

Objectives The effect of gender on anatomic structures and various body systems were illustrated in the literature. The purpose of this study was to identify the influence of gender and tooth loss on incisive canal characteristics and buccal bone dimensions in the anterior maxilla. Materials and methods Computed tomographies ( CTs ) of 417 male and 516 female patients in four dental clinics were included in this study. The diameter and the length of the incisive canal; width and the length of the bone anterior to the canal; palatal bone length, root length, and root width of the central incisor teeth were measured and recorded from CT sections. Results Mean incisive canal length was 11.96 ± 2.73 mm and 10.39 ± 2.47 mm in men and women, respectively, ( P  < 0.05). In men, mean canal diameter was 2.79 ± 0.94 mm whereas in women it was 2.43 ± 0.85 mm and this difference was statistically significant ( P  < 0.05). Men had significant higher buccal bone dimensions (length and width of the bone anterior to the canal) than women. Absence of teeth in the anterior maxilla decreased incisive canal length and buccal bone dimensions; however, canal diameter remain unchanged. Conclusions Present results suggested a gender related differences in anatomic features of incisive canal and surrounding buccal bone. In addition, crestal canal diameter, buccal bone length, and thickness parameters might be different in distinct countries.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/99051/1/clr2493.pd

Evaluation of Maxillary Incisive Canal Characteristics Related to Dental Implant Treatment With Computerized Tomography: A Clinical Multicenter Study

Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/141666/1/jper0337.pd

Palaeozoic-Recent geological development and uplift of the Amanos Mountains (S Turkey) in the critically located northwesternmost corner of the Arabian continent

<p>We have carried out a several-year-long study of the Amanos Mountains, on the basis of which we present new sedimentary and structural evidence, which we combine with existing data, to produce the first comprehensive synthesis in the regional geological setting. The ca. N-S-trending Amanos Mountains are located at the northwesternmost edge of the Arabian plate, near the intersection of the African and Eurasian plates. Mixed siliciclastic-carbonate sediments accumulated on the north-Gondwana margin during the Palaeozoic. Triassic rift-related sedimentation was followed by platform carbonate deposition during Jurassic-Cretaceous. Late Cretaceous was characterised by platform collapse and southward emplacement of melanges and a supra-subduction zone ophiolite. Latest Cretaceous transgressive shallow-water carbonates gave way to deeper-water deposits during Palaeocene-Eocene. Eocene southward compression, reflecting initial collision, resulted in open folding, reverse faulting and duplexing. Fluvial, lagoonal and shallow-marine carbonates accumulated during Late Oligocene(?)-Early Miocene, associated with basaltic magmatism. Intensifying collision during Mid-Miocene initiated a foreland basin that then infilled with deep-water siliciclastic gravity flows. Late Miocene-Early Pliocene compression created mountain-sized folds and thrusts, verging E in the north but SE in the south. The resulting surface uplift triggered deposition of huge alluvial outwash fans in the west. Smaller alluvial fans formed along both mountain flanks during the Pleistocene after major surface uplift ended. Pliocene-Pleistocene alluvium was tilted towards the mountain front in the west. Strike-slip/transtension along the East Anatolian Transform Fault and localised sub-horizontal Quaternary basaltic volcanism in the region reflect regional transtension during Late Pliocene-Pleistocene (<4 Ma).</p

Can the ADO Index Be Used as a Predictor of Mortality from COVID-19 in Patients with COPD?

Esra Ertan Yazar,1 Gulsah Gunluoglu,2 Burcu Arpinar Yigitbas,1 Mukadder Calikoglu,3 Gazi Gulbas,4 Nilgün Y&inodot;lmaz Demirci,5 Nurhan Sarioglu,6 Fulsen Bozkus,7 Nevin Taci Hoca,5 Nalan Ogan,8 Seda Tural Onur,2 Muzaffer Onur Turan,9 Filiz Kosar,2 Evrim Eylem Akpinar,8 Burak Mete,10 Can Ozturk5 1Department of Chest Diseases, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey; 2Department of Chest Diseases, Yedikule Chest Disease and Chest Surgery Research and Training Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey; 3Department of Chest Diseases, Mersin University, Medical Faculty, Mersin, Turkey; 4Department of Chest Diseases, Inonu University, Medical Faculty, Malatya, Turkey; 5Department of Chest Diseases, Gazi University, Medical Faculty, Ankara, Turkey; 6Department of Chest Diseases, Balikesir University, Medical Faculty, Balikesir, Turkey; 7Department of Chest Diseases, Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University, Medical Faculty, Kahramanmaras, Turkey; 8Department of Chest Diseases, Ufuk University, Medical Faculty, Ankara, Turkey; 9Department of Chest Diseases, Prof Dr, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Atatürk Research and Training Hospital, Izmir, Turkey; 10Department of Public Health Çukurova University, Medical Faculty, Adana, TurkeyCorrespondence: Esra Ertan Yazar, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Medical Faculty, Department of Chest Diseases, Istanbul, Turkey, Email [email protected]: Several studies have shown that the risk of mortality due to COVID-19 is high in patients with COPD. However, evidence on factors predicting mortality is limited.Research Question: Are there any useful markers to predict mortality in COVID-19 patients with COPD?.Study Design and Methods: A total of 689 patients were included in this study from the COPET study, a national multicenter observational study investigating COPD phenotypes consisting of patients who were followed up with a spirometry-confirmed COPD diagnosis. Patients were also retrospectively examined in terms of COVID-19 and their outcomes.Results: Among the study patients, 105 were diagnosed with PCR-positive COVID-19, and 19 of them died. Body mass index (p= 0.01) and ADO (age, dyspnoea, airflow obstruction) index (p= 0.01) were higher, whereas predicted FEV1 (p< 0.001) and eosinophil count (p= 0.003) were lower in patients who died of COVID-19. Each 0.755 unit increase in the ADO index increased the risk of death by 2.12 times, and each 0.007 unit increase in the eosinophil count decreased the risk of death by 1.007 times. The optimum cut-off ADO score of 3.5 was diagnostic with 94% sensitivity and 40% specificity in predicting mortality.Interpretation: Our study suggested that the ADO index recorded in the stable period in patients with COPD makes a modest contribution to the prediction of mortality due to COVID-19. Further studies are needed to validate the use of the ADO index in estimating mortality in both COVID-19 and other viral respiratory infections in patients with COPD.Keywords: body mass index, COVID-19, eosinophils, FEV1, mortality, pneumonia, pulmonary disease, chronic obstructiv