5 research outputs found

    Bursa atmosferinde organik kirleticilerin mekansal dağılımı : mevsimselliği ve sağlık etkisi.

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    The assessment of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) has become an area of particular interest in the field of atmospheric pollution due to their adverse health and environmental effects. This study is aimed to identify, quantify and characterize VOC in different urban areas and industrial areas in Bursa. The spatial distribution, seasonal variation as well as health risks assessment of VOC were discussed. Air samples were collected by means of sorbent passive sampling at over 50 sampling points in Bursa and analyzed by GC-thermal desorption. A total of seven weekly measurement periods were completed across the city center from 2005 to 2007. The source of VOC was apportioned with the commonly used receptor model, namely Factor Analysis. Motor vehicles and industrial solvent usage are the most abundant VOC sources to contribute to urban atmosphere in Bursa, 63% and 20%, respectively. The health risks of VOC were also evaluated. The questionnaire was filled out by selected people living in Bursa to obtain time-activity pattern for health risk assessment. Lifetime cancer risks were estimated with the measured VOC data. All the statistical parameters used to represent cancer risks for the selected compounds exceeded the stated level. Benzene had the highest adverse health effect among these compounds according to USEPA (2009) calculation with the mean cancer risk 3x10-4. In addition to intensive field sampling campaigns conducted in Bursa, the VOC measurement were completed for a period of six months to evaluate uptake rate of VOC in Ankara. Uptake rate equations depending on relative humidity and wind speed were developed for 25 VOCs.Ph.D. - Doctoral Progra

    Atmosferdeki Parçacık Sayısal Konsantrasyonu Ile Kütlesel Konsantrasyonu Arasındaki Iliskinin Kurulması Ve Parçacık Sayısal Boyut Dagılımlarının Atmosferik Olaylardan Ne Kadar Etkilendiginin Incelenmesi

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    Proje parçacık boyut dagılımı ve bu dagılımın çesitli çevresel faktörlerle iliskisini incelemeye yönelik bir çalısmadır. Diger bir deyisle atmosfrdeki parçacık boyut dagılımının ne tür parametrelerle ne sekilde degistigini ortaya çıkarmak hedeflemistir. Çalısma birisi Ankara?da ODTÜ?de digeri ise Marmaristeki meteoroloji radarında kurulan iki istasyonda yürütülmüstür. Bu istasyonlarda bulunan lazer spektrometreler yardımıyla daikalik sayısal boyut dagılımları ile PM10, PM2.5 ve PM1 kütlesel konsantrasyonları ölçülmüstür. Istasyonlardaki deneysel çalısmalar baslamadan önce çalısmada kullanılacak bütün cihazlar ankara?da bir araya getirilmis ve bir interkalibrasyon çalısması gerçeklestirilmistir. Intercalibrasyon çalısmasının sonunda farklı cihazlardan elde edilen sonuçların birbirleriyle çok uyumllu oldugu görülmüstür. Ayrıca, Ankara istasyonunda lazer spektrometre ile ölçülen PM10 ve PM2.5 konsantrasyonlarının Ankara?daki yedi hava kirliligi izleme istasyonunda ölçülen PM10 ve PM2.5 konsantrasyonları ile uyum içerisinde oldugu, ancak yüksek konsantrasyonlarda bizim istastasyonumuzun daha yüksek degerler ölçtügü görülmüstür. Yapılan ölçüm ve degerlendirmeler tozun boyut dagılımının çok stabil bir parametre olmadıgını ve meteorolji, tasınım gibi etmenlerle degisiklik gösterdigini ortya koymustur

    Spatial and temporal variations in atmospheric VOCs, NO2, SO2, and O3 concentrations at a heavily industrialized region in Western Turkey, and assessment of the carcinogenic risk levels of benzene

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    Ambient concentrations of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), sulphur dioxide (SO2) and ground-level ozone (O3) were measured at 55 locations around a densely populated industrial zone, hosting a petrochemical complex (Petkim), a petroleum refinery (Tupras), ship-dismantling facilities, several iron and steel plants, and a gas-fired power plant. Five passive sampling campaigns were performed covering summer and winter seasons of 2005 and 2007. Elevated concentrations of VOCs, NO2 and SO2 around the refinery, petrochemical complex and roads indicated that industrial activities and vehicular emissions are the main sources of these pollutants in the region. Ozone concentrations were low at the industrial zone and settlement areas, but high in rural stations downwind from these sources due to NO distillation. The United States Environmental Protection Agency's positive matrix factorization receptor model (EPA PMF) was employed to apportion ambient concentrations of VOCs into six factors, which were associated with emissions sources. Traffic was found to be highest contributor to measured ∑VOCs concentrations, followed by the Petkim and Tupras.Median cancer risk due to benzene inhalation calculated using a Monte Carlo simulation was approximately 4 per-one-million population, which exceeded the U.S. EPA benchmark of 1 per one million. Petkim, Tupras and traffic emissions were the major sources of cancer risk due to benzene inhalation in the Aliaga airshed. Relative contributions of these two source groups changes significantly from one location to another, demonstrating the limitation of determining source contributions and calculating health risk using data from one or two permanent stations in an industrial area.TUBITAK (104Y276
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