Bazı yerli kayısı genotiplerinin fenolojik, morfolojik ve pomolojik özellikleri ile genetik ilişkilerinin ve kendine uyuşmazlık durumlarının moleküler yöntemlerle belirlenmesi

TEZ7055Tez (Doktora) -- Çukurova Üniversitesi, Adana, 2008.Kaynakça (s.316-331) var.xxxviii, 332 s. : res. ; 29 cm.Kayısı yetiştiriciliğinde uzun yıllar tohumla çoğaltmanın yapılması nedeniyle Anadolu'da geniş genetik kaynaklar oluşmuştur. 1974 yılında Malatya Meyvecilik Araştırma Enstitüsü'nde bir Kayısı Gen Kaynakları Parseli oluşturulmuş ve ülkemizdeki önemli yerli ve yabancı kayısı çeşit ve tipleri bu parselde toplanmıştır. Yürütülen çalışma ile bu gen kaynağında bulunan, ülkemizin önemli bazı yerli kayısı çeşit ve tiplerinden 94 tanesinde fenolojik, morfolojik ve pomolojik özellikler belirlenmiş ve uluslar arası UPOV kriterleri değerlendirmeye alınmıştır. UPOV'a göre, Ağerik meyve kabuğunda tüylülük olmayan tek genotip olarak belirlenmiştir. Elde edilen veriler ile Alkaya, GÜ-52 ve çok geç olgunlaşan Levent gibi kayısılar tescil ettirilebilecek konuma ulaştırılmıştır.Turkey has got an important position in apricot growing in the world. As in the other fruit species multiplication is done by seedlings. Due to that it is possible to find waste genetic resources in Anatolia. In this concept a genetic resources plot was established in Malatya Fruit Research Institute. In this plot natural apricot of both drying and table types and varieties were gathered. With this Project, apricot varieties namely dried apricot ones which were in the Genetic Resources plot of Malatya Fruit Research Institute were investigated for the phenological, morphological and pomological characters and they were evaluated according to the UPOV criteria. In the UPOV criteria 57 items were considered and Agerik was found the only fuzzyless genotype. The obtained results have shown that Alkaya, GU-52 and the latest maturing Levent can be registered. These genotypes will be among the important varieties in the future.Bu çalışma Ç.Ü. Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Birimi Tarafından Desteklenmiştir. Proje No:ZF2006D15 TÜBİTAK-TOVAG 104O14

Determination of Stoma and Leaf Characteristics with Chlorophyll and Carotenoid Amounts of Some Domestic and Foreign Olive (Olea europaea L.) Varieties

Olive is one of the oldest fruit species cultivated. This study was carried out to determine the stomatal and leaf morphology as well as the chlorophyll and carotenoid content of 10 different (seven domestic and three foreign) olive cultivars grown in Hatay/Türkiye ecological conditions. Stoma density: 369.44 (‘Gemlik-21’)–695.55 (‘Domat’) stoma/mm2; stoma index: 1.24 (‘Girit Zeytini’)–1.85 (‘Arbequine’); Chl(a +b): 20.66 (‘Frantoio’)–34.77 (‘Girit Zeytini’) mg/g FW; number of carotenoids: 1.98 (‘Arbequine’)–4.60 (‘Frantoio’) mg/g FW; leaf area varied between 2.29 (‘Girit Zeytini’) and 6.91 (‘Frantoio’) cm2. As a result of the correlation analysis, a positive correlation was found between stoma width and stoma length (r = 0.55, p < 0.0001). Although there was a negative correlation between leaf area with stomatal density, there was a statistically significant difference (r = −0.30, p < 0.0001). Similar results were observed between Chl(a +b) and carotenoids (r = −0.25, p < 0.01). According to principal component analysis, the first five components explain 79.08% of the total variation. According to the position plot corresponding to the correlations of olive cultivars with respect the two principal components the ‘Gemlik 21’, ‘Memecik’, ‘Edincik Su’ and ‘Gemlik’ varieties are in one group, ‘Frantoio’, ‘Manzanilla’, ‘Arbequine’ varieties are in one group, while ‘Ayvalık’ and ‘Domat’ varieties are in another group, and ‘Girit Zeytini’ are separate from other varieties

Morphological diversity of the Turkish apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) germplasm in the Irano-Caucasian ecogeographical group

Apricot germplasm collection and characterization are the essential stages of breeding programs for diversity. Traditionally, germplasm collection and characterization are performed by describing phenological, pomological, and morphological characteristics of the germplasm. In this study, 93 apricot accessions and 1 apricot x plum hybrid (Kayısı Eriği) were collected from different regions of Turkey and were evaluated for 57 morphological UPOV (International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants) characteristics, along with 13 pomological traits. Turkish apricot trees were generally found to be either strong (29.8%) or very strong (54.3%). Only 12 accessions (Gü-52, Çanakkale, Çekirge-52, Karacabey, GeÇ Aprikoz, Güz Aprikozu, Alyanak, Hasanbey, Alkaya, Paşa Mişmişi, Ağerik, and Ziraat Okulu) had large fruits. Of the total 93 specimens, 67 accessions did not exhibit kernel bitterness. Important dried cultivars of Turkey contain more than 25% total soluble solids (TSS). The harvest period of the majority (84 accessions) started at the end of June and lasted until mid-July. Principle coordinate analysis (PCoA) and principle component analysis (PCA) revealed that eigenvalues of the first 3 components were able to represent 32.67% of total variance in PCoA and 23.63% of total variance in PCA. The eigenvalue of pomological PCA analysis was able to represent 73% of total variance. Significant negative correlations were determined among fruit juice acidity, TSS, and pH. The morphological distance index between Turkish apricots varied from 0.21 to 0.79. Information revealed in this study may be useful for both breeders and apricot breeding programs.Apricot germplasm collection and characterization are the essential stages of breeding programs for diversity. Traditionally, germplasm collection and characterization are performed by describing phenological, pomological, and morphological characteristics of the germplasm. In this study, 93 apricot accessions and 1 apricot x plum hybrid (Kayısı Eriği) were collected from different regions of Turkey and were evaluated for 57 morphological UPOV (International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants) characteristics, along with 13 pomological traits. Turkish apricot trees were generally found to be either strong (29.8%) or very strong (54.3%). Only 12 accessions (Gü-52, Çanakkale, Çekirge-52, Karacabey, GeÇ Aprikoz, Güz Aprikozu, Alyanak, Hasanbey, Alkaya, Paşa Mişmişi, Ağerik, and Ziraat Okulu) had large fruits. Of the total 93 specimens, 67 accessions did not exhibit kernel bitterness. Important dried cultivars of Turkey contain more than 25% total soluble solids (TSS). The harvest period of the majority (84 accessions) started at the end of June and lasted until mid-July. Principle coordinate analysis (PCoA) and principle component analysis (PCA) revealed that eigenvalues of the first 3 components were able to represent 32.67% of total variance in PCoA and 23.63% of total variance in PCA. The eigenvalue of pomological PCA analysis was able to represent 73% of total variance. Significant negative correlations were determined among fruit juice acidity, TSS, and pH. The morphological distance index between Turkish apricots varied from 0.21 to 0.79. Information revealed in this study may be useful for both breeders and apricot breeding programs