Evaluation of the Cities in Turkiye in the Scope of the Awareness Development Project on Climate Change: the Cases of Bursa, Trabzon ve Gaziantep

DergiPark: 457186trakyasobedArtan küreselleşme faaliyetleri,nüfus ve kentleşme oranları sebebiyle kentsel alandan kaynaklanan birtakımsonuçlar, mevsimsel değişikliklerin artmasına sebep olmaktadır. Bu kapsamda,küresel ölçekte önemli bir konu haline gelen iklim değişikliği ile mücadele veiklim değişikliğine uyum konularında, ülkeler çeşitli önlemler almaktadır. Budoğrultuda, söz konusu konulara ilişkin olarak Dünyadaki ve Ülkemizdeki farklıuygulama ve politikaların irdelenmesi ile literatür incelemesi yapılmıştır.Yapılan literatür incelemesi sonucunda, Ülkemizde bu konularda gerçekleştirilençalışmaların henüz yeni olduğu ve dolayısıyla da, dünyada ağırlıklı olarakyerel yönetimler tarafından hazırlanan Yerel İklim Değişikliği EylemPlanları’nın ve iklimile ilişkili ağ yapılanmalarına katılımının yetersiz olduğu görülmüştür. Buçerçevede, söz konusu konularda farkındalık oluşturmak ve ileride oluşturulmasıhedeflenen Yerel İklim Değişikliği Eylem Planları’nın hazırlanmasına ilişkinillerin mevcut durumlarını tespit etmek amacıyla T.C. Çevre ve ŞehircilikBakanlığı ve Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt Üniversitesi tarafından İklim DeğişikliğiKonusunda Farkındalık Geliştirme Projesi yürütülmüş ve 2017 yılındatamamlanmıştır. Proje kapsamında, yukarıda bahsi geçen konulara ilişkin olarakçeşitli faaliyetler gerçekleştirilmiş ve 14 il ziyaret edilmiştir.  Bu çalışmada ise, T.C. Çevre ve ŞehircilikBakanlığı İklim Değişikliği Dairesi uzmanları ile yapılan yüz yüze görüşmelerile birlikte ziyaret edilen iller içerisinden örnek alan olarak seçilen Bursa,Trabzon ve Gaziantep İlleri’nde çok farklı kurum ve kuruluşlardan gelentemsilcilerle yüz yüze görüşmeler yapılmış ve illerin mevcut durumları ileiklim değişikliği karşısında maruz kaldığı durumlar tespit edilmiştir. Sonuçolarak ise, iklim değişikliği ile mücadele ve iklim değişikliğine uyumkonularında değerlendirmeler yapılarak; çeşitli önerilerde bulunulmuştur. Sözkonusu konular kapsamında, öncelikle, yerel iklim değişikliği eylem planlarınınivedilikle hazırlanması gerekmektedir. Due toincreasing globalization activities, population and urbanization rates, someconsequences resulting from the urban area, causes the increasing of seasonalchanges. In this context, in combating and adapting to climate change, whichhave become important issues on a global scale, countries are taking variousmeasures. In this direction, regarding these subjects, byexamining different practices and policies in the world and our country,literature review has been done. As aresult of the literature review, thestudies carried out in these issues in our country are still new and hence, theLocal Climate Change Action Plans, prepared mainly by local governments, and participation in climate-related networkstructures was found to be inadequate. In this framework, in the said subjects, in order to create awarenessand determine the current situation of the cities regardingthe preparation of the Local Climate Change Action Plans, which have targettedto create in the future, The Awareness Development Project On ClımateChange, was carried out and completed in 2017 by Ankara Yıldırım BeyazıtUniversity and Republic of Turkey Ministry of Environment and. Urbanisation.Within the scope of the Project, a variety of activities have been carried out with regard to combatingclimate change and adapting to climate change and 14 Provinces were visited. In this study, with face-to-face interviews withexperts from the Republic of Turkey Ministry of Environment and Urbanization Climate Change Office, inBursa, Trabzon and Gaziantep Provinces selected as samples from the visitedProvinces, face-to-face interviews were made withrepresentatives from many different institutions and organizations, and thecurrent situations of the cities and situations in which cities are exposed toclimate change have been determined. As aresult, on the subjects of combating and adaptation to climate change,evaluations and various suggestions were made. Withinthe scope of the subjects, primarily, local climate change action plans need to beprepared urgently

The Impact of CoronaVac Vaccination on 28-day Mortality Rate of Critically Ill Patients with COVID-19 in Türkiye

Background:Vaccines against coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) have been effective in preventing symptomatic diseases, hospitalizations, and intensive care unit (ICU) admissions. However, data regarding the effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines in reducing mortality among critically ill patients with COVID-19 remains unclear.Aims:To determine the vaccination status and investigate the impact of the COVID-19 vaccine on the 28-day mortality in critically ill patients with COVID-19.Study Design:Multicenter prospective observational clinical study.Methods:This study was conducted in 60 hospitals with ICUs managing critically ill patients with COVID-19. Patients aged ≥ 18 years with confirmed COVID-19 who were admitted to the ICU were included. The present study had two phases. The first phase was designed as a one-day point prevalence study, and demographic and clinical findings were evaluated. In the second phase, the 28-day mortality was evaluated.Results:As of August 11, 2021, 921 patients were enrolled in the study. The mean age of the patients was 65.42 ± 16.74 years, and 48.6% (n = 448) were female. Among the critically ill patients with COVID-19, 52.6% (n = 484) were unvaccinated, 7.7% (n = 71) were incompletely vaccinated, and 39.8% (n = 366) were fully vaccinated. A subgroup analysis of 817 patients who were unvaccinated (n = 484) or who had received two doses of the CoronaVac vaccine (n = 333) was performed. The 28-day mortality rate was 56.8% (n = 275) and 57.4% (n = 191) in the unvaccinated and two-dose CoronaVac groups, respectively. The 28-day mortality was associated with age, hypertension, the number of comorbidities, type of respiratory support, and APACHE II and sequential organ failure assessment scores (p < 0.05). The odds ratio for the 28-day mortality among those who had received two doses of CoronaVac was 0.591 (95% confidence interval: 0.413-0.848) (p = 0.004).Conclusion:Vaccination with at least two doses of CoronaVac within six months significantly decreased mortality in vaccinated patients than in unvaccinated patients