Allelopathic and Antifungal potentials of endemic Salvia absconditiflora Greuter & Burdet collected from different locations in Turkey

We determined the antifungal and bioherbicidal properties of essential oils of Salvia absconditiflora. Its plant samples were collected from 10-locations in Kirsehir province, Turkey and dried in shade. Essential oils of dried plant samples were extracted by hydro-distillation method using a Schilcher device and the compounds identified in S. absconditiflora essential oils by GC-MS analysis were: Camphor (10.52-58.64%), Bicyclo [2.2.1] Heptane-2-One, 1.7.7 (21.94-30.16%) and viridiflorol (3.42-25.2%). S. absconditiflora essential oil (a dose of 10 mu l/petri dishes) inhibited the mycelium growth of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Alternaria solani pathogens by 9.3 and 54.40 %, respectively. At dose of 20 mu l/petri dish, the essential oil completely inhibited the mycelium growth of both pathogens. The S. absconditiflora essential oil at 20 mu l/petri dish. was 100 % phytotoxic to seed germination and seedling growth of Lepidum sativum and Amaranthus retroflexus. Thus S. absconditiflora essential oil can be used as an alternative to synthetic fungicide and herbicide to control the plant pathogenic fungi and weeds, respectively

Antifungal activities of some Salvia species extracts on Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-lycopersici (Forl) mycelium growth in-vitro

The antifungal effects of essential oils and plant extracts (water, ethanol and methanol) of Salvia cryptantha Montbret et Aucher ex Bentham, Salvia tomentosa Mill., Salvia officinalis L.(cultural form) grown in Tokat province was screened against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-lycopersici. The essential oils and plant extracts of S. officinalis, S. cryptantha and S. tomentosa were determined to find the most effecient against F. oxysporum f. sp. radicis-lycopersici in vitro. Different volums of either essential oils and plant extracts were mixed with the sterile PDA to obtain various concentrations. The suplemented PDA were inoculated with agar disc (5 mm in diameter) of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-lycopersici pathogens (from 7 day-old PDA cultures) were inoculated on medium. They were incubated at 25±2 °C for 7 days. Then the bloking fungal development was calculated.The highest effects on the development of mycelium of F. oxysporum f. sp. radicis-lycopersici has shown blocking rate of 62,71% with a S. officinalis essential oils, this was followed by S. tomentosa and S. cryptantha. Similar results were observed in plants extracts. The highest effects on the development of mycelium of F. oxysporum f. sp. radicis-lycopersici showed S. cryptantha plant extracts and this S. officinalis and S. tomentosa has followed. © 2016, Egyptian Society for Biological Control of Pests. All rights reserved

Development of the life science teaching attitude scale: A study of validity and reliability [Hayat bilgisi öğretimi tutum ölçeğinin geliştirilmesi: Geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması]

In this study, It’s aimed to develop a scale that can determine elemantary teachers’ and preservice elemantary teachers’ attitudes towards life science teaching. A systematic approach was used to develop of instrument. Firstly, item pool was generated reffering to support literature and expert view and then form has been finalized created items presented to larger group of experts. The form was administered to 434 preservice teachers for exploratory factor analysis. Structure as a result of expolatory factor analysis was subjected to confirmatory factor analysis with a saple consisting of 250 elemantary teachers. It was seen that the scale consists of 24 items and 3 subscales (loving, appreciation, caring). For the full scale, cronbach alpha coefficient and Spearman Brown split half reliability were calculated.93 and.81 respectively. For the subscales, the internal consistency coefficient and Spearman Brown split half reliability varied between.86-.89 and.84-.87 respectively. Confirmatory factor analysis was conducted for testing the validity of structure and three factor structure of the scale was confirmed. When evaluated findings of validity and reliability, scale of the development is determined to be valid and reliable instrument to determine the attitudes for life science teaching. © 2017, Ankara University. All rights reserved

Antidiabetic potential and multi-biological activities of Trachystemon orientalis extracts

yalcin, emine/0000-0002-5280-5375WOS: 000493661900039Due to the increase in exposure to chemical substances, the investigation of natural compounds with protective effects has become popular. So in this study the antimicrobial, antioxidant, antimutagenic activities and enzyme inhibitory effects of Trachystemon orientalis leaf and stem extracts were investigated. Antimicrobial effect was determined by disc diffusion method and the antimutagenic effect was investigated by Ames/Salmonella/microsomal test. Antioxidant properties of T. orientalis extracts were determined by investigating the phytochemical contents and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) removal activity. The antidiabetic activity of the extracts was investigated by alpha-amylase and alpha-glucosidase enzyme inhibition. It has been determined that all extracts exhibit antimicrobial activity at different ratios and the highest antimicrobial activity was obtained with a 21 +/- 0.4 mm inhibition zone against Escherichia coli. The highest DPPH removal activity of leaf and stem extracts was determined to be 65.1 +/- 2.4% and 59.4 +/- 2.7%, respectively. In enzyme inhibitory analysis, it was determined that the alpha-glucosidase inhibitory effect of extracts was higher than the alpha-amylase inhibition effect. In antimutagenity test, the highest antimutagenic effects of leaf and stem extract were determined as 78.2 +/- 1.1% and 67.2 +/- 1.5%, respectively. As a result, T. orientalis leaf and stem extracts were determined as a potential natural antimicrobial, antimutagenic and antioxidant source with a moderately high antidiabetic activity