Sofferenzi ta' direttur haddiem

Niccara xi punti dwar il-kwistjoni jekk l-isem ghandux ikun id-direttur haddiem jew haddiem direttur. Il-ligi fil-kaz ta' l-Enemalta u t'Telemalta li kienu saru flimkien, tghajjat lid-direttur haddiem. Ahna meta konna federazzjoni tal-haddiema diretturi rragunajna, kemm jiena, kemm Dr. Borg, Joe u ohrajn illi l-ewwel inti kont haddiem, imbaghad sirt direttur, u ghalhekk iktar ddoqq haddiem direttur. Skond il-kodici li gew prezentati, fuq il-Bord, fuq il-karta ghandu l-istess drittijiet ta' diretturi ohra. Fir-realta' le, haddiehor ghandu karozza. Jigifieri hemmhekk jinqasam b'mod differenti. Pero' l-partecipazzjoni u nista nghid dirett issa minn esperjenza li missejtha b'idejja, tiddependi hafna fuq direttur, min hu, l-karattru tieghu, kemm hu ghandu tattika, kif jimxi, kif jipprezenta l-affarijiet u ghalfejn ikun ressaqhom it-talbiet.peer-reviewe

Kommunikazzjoni minn fuq ghall-isfel

FI-1987 kien hemm bidla fil-gvern u kif appena il-gvern il-gdid tela' sittax il-jum wara rega fforma il-bord tal-Enemalta u din id-darba halla barra il-haddiem direttur li ma kienx jigi elett imma nnominat mill-Union. Din qajmet biex nghid hekk kwistjonijiet kbar. Il-Union barra li ghamlet process fil-qorti anke haditha fil-73 laqgha tal-ILO. Il-mibki Pawlu Xuereb agent president dak iz-zmien kien dahal bhala medjatur sabiex din il-problema tigi solvuta. Gie deciz li l-haddiem direttur ikun elett. Kont gejt avvicinat mhux biex nohrog jien imma biex naghti pariri forsi lil shabi dwar l-iktar bniedem idejali li hemm fix-shop floor li jista jkun direttur haddiem. F'daqqa wahda sibt ruhi illi ghandi nohrog jien. L-elezzjoni dak iz-zmien ma kienux isiru bhal lum. Il-poplu li ma kienx jaf x'inhu haddiem direttur beda jaqra kuljum fil-gurnali dwar dan is-suggett u dwar rallies li kienu jsiru. Ghalhekk il-kwestjoni serviet billi ghamlet lill-poplu konxju ta xi tfisser partecipazzjoni fil-Bord.peer-reviewe

Assessing the nonequilibrium thermodynamics in a quenched quantum many-body system via single projective measurements

The authors are indebted to T. S. Batalhao, J. Goold, R. Serra, and Peter Talkner for invaluable discussions.We analyze the nature of the statistics of the work done on or by a quantum many-body system brought out of equilibrium. We show that, for the sudden quench and for an initial state that commutes with the initial Hamiltonian, it is possible to retrieve the whole nonequilibrium thermodynamics via single projective measurements of observables. We highlight, in a physically clear way, the qualitative implications for the statistics of work coming from considering processes described by operators that either commute or do not commute with the unperturbed Hamiltonian of a given system. We consider a quantum many-body system and derive an expression that allows us to give a physical interpretation, for a thermal initial state, to all of the cumulants of the work in the case of quenched operators commuting with the unperturbed Hamiltonian. In the commuting case, the observables that we need to measure have an intuitive physical meaning. Conversely, in the noncommuting case, we show that, although it is possible to operate fully within the single-measurement framework irrespectively of the size of the quench, some difficulties are faced in providing a clear-cut physical interpretation to the cumulants. This circumstance makes the study of the physics of the system nontrivial and highlights the nonintuitive phenomenology of the emergence of thermodynamics from the fully quantum microscopic description. We illustrate our ideas with the example of the Ising model in a transverse field showing the interesting behavior of the high-order statistical moments of the work distribution for a generic thermal state and linking them to the critical nature of the model itself.This work has been supported by a PERFEST grant (L. F.) from Universita degli Studi di Palermo, the Marie Curie Action, the UK EPSRC (EP/G004579/1 and EP/ L005026/1), the John Templeton Foundation (Grant ID 43467), the EU Collaborative Project TherMiQ (Grant Agreement No. 618074), and by a Marie Curie Intra European Fellowship within the 7th European Community Framework Programme through the project NeQuFlux Grant No. 623085 (M. C.). T. J. G. A. is supported by the European Commission, the European Social Fund, and the Region Calabria through the program POR Calabria FSE 2007-2013-Asse IV Capitale Umano-Obiettivo Operativo M2. A. X. acknowledges funding from the Royal Commission for the Exhibition of 1851. Part of this work was supported by the COST Action MP1209 “Thermodynamics in the Quantum Regime.”peer-reviewe

Whole-genome sequencing identifies EN1 as a determinant of bone density and fracture

The extent to which low-frequency (minor allele frequency (MAF) between 1-5%) and rare (MAF ≤ 1%) variants contribute to complex traits and disease in the general population is mainly unknown. Bone mineral density (BMD) is highly heritable, a major predictor of osteoporotic fractures, and has been previously associated with common genetic variants, as well as rare, population-specific, coding variants. Here we identify novel non-coding genetic variants with large effects on BMD (ntotal = 53,236) and fracture (ntotal = 508,253) in individuals of European ancestry from the general population. Associations for BMD were derived from whole-genome sequencing (n = 2,882 from UK10K (ref. 10); a population-based genome sequencing consortium), whole-exome sequencing (n = 3,549), deep imputation of genotyped samples using a combined UK10K/1000 Genomes reference panel (n = 26,534), and de novo replication genotyping (n = 20,271). We identified a low-frequency non-coding variant near a novel locus, EN1, with an effect size fourfold larger than the mean of previously reported common variants for lumbar spine BMD (rs11692564(T), MAF = 1.6%, replication effect size = +0.20 s.d., Pmeta = 2 × 10(-14)), which was also associated with a decreased risk of fracture (odds ratio = 0.85; P = 2 × 10(-11); ncases = 98,742 and ncontrols = 409,511). Using an En1(cre/flox) mouse model, we observed that conditional loss of En1 results in low bone mass, probably as a consequence of high bone turnover. We also identified a novel low-frequency non-coding variant with large effects on BMD near WNT16 (rs148771817(T), MAF = 1.2%, replication effect size = +0.41 s.d., Pmeta = 1 × 10(-11)). In general, there was an excess of association signals arising from deleterious coding and conserved non-coding variants. These findings provide evidence that low-frequency non-coding variants have large effects on BMD and fracture, thereby providing rationale for whole-genome sequencing and improved imputation reference panels to study the genetic architecture of complex traits and disease in the general population.</p