Efficacy of roxithromycin with gamma globulin in children with mycoplasma pneumonia and its effect on immunity

Purpose: To determine the efficacy of roxithromycin plus gamma globulin in the treatment of children with mycoplasma pneumonia (MPP) and its effect on immune function.Methods: From January 2019 to January 2021, 100 children with MPP assessed for eligibility in Qingdao Women and Children's Hospital, Shandong Province, China, were recruited and randomized (1:1) to receive either gamma globulin (control group) or roxithromycin plus gamma globulin (study group). Levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, immunoglobulin (Ig)A, IgM, and IgG were evaluated. Clinical indices, including fever reduction, cough disappearance, duration of hospital stay, etc were also assessed.Results: The study group had a significantly higher clinical efficacy (88 %) than the control group (68 %) (p < 0.05). After treatment, patients in the study group showed lower levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α than those in the control group (p < 0.05). The eligible patients given roxithromycin plus gamma globulin showed significantly higher levels of immunoglobulin (Ig)A, IgM, and IgG versus those given gamma globulin alone (p < 0.05). Patients in the study group had a shorter time lapse before fever reduction, cough disappearance, lung sign disappearance, and duration of hospital stay than those in the control group (p < 0.05).Conclusion: Roxithromycin plus gamma globulin demonstrate significant benefits in the treatment of children with MPP by mitigating inflammatory response, enhancing immune function, and also significantly alleviating clinical symptoms. Thus, the combination treatment shows good potentials for use in clinical practice

PERIOPERATIVE DEXMEDETOMIDINE REDUCES DELIRIUM IN ELDERLY PATIENTS AFTER LUNG CANCER SURGERY

Background: Delirium, which is one of the most disturbing postoperative complications in elderly patients, shows high morbidity in patients undergoing lung cancer surgery. Dexmedetomidine (DEX) is considered a potential prophylactic agent for preventing patients’ delirium after lung cancer surgery. Subjects and methods: Medical records of lung cancer patients over 65 years old with radical pulmonary resection at Henan Provincial People’s Hospital from January 2015 to December 2017, China, were evaluated. Patients, care-providers, and investigators were all blinded to group assignment. DEX was administered in the preoperative and intraoperative periods. The incidence of delirium was calculated based on the Intensive Care Delirium Screening Checklist (ICDSC). Scores of ≥4 and 1-3 points represent the diagnoses of delirium and a pre -delirious state, respectively. Results: During postoperative day 1 (POD 1) to POD 7, delirium occurs in both groups. During postoperative POD 1 to POD 7, the incidence of delirium is lower in the DEX group than that in the control group. Furthermore, there are more mild delirium patients but fewer moderate and severe delirium patients in the DEX group compared with the control group. Finally, patients in the DEX group have a shorter duration of delirium, lower numeric pain rating scale during movement and better sleep quality. Conclusion: Preoperative and intraoperative application of DEX can reduce the incidence and intensity of delirium after pulmonary resection in elderly patients with lung cancer

DFT Studies on Ni-Mediated C–F Cleavage for the Synthesis of Cyclopentadiene Derivatives

Density functional theory calculations have been performed to study the detailed mechanism of Ni-mediated [3+2] cycloaddition of 2-trifluoromethyl-1-alkenes with alkynes via cleavage of two C-F bonds. It was found that the reaction pathway involves oxidative cyclization, the first β-fluorine elimination, and then intramolecular 5-endo insertion of difluoroalkene, followed by the second cleavage of C-F bond, and finally the dissociation of difluorides yields the fluorine-containing product cyclopentadienes in sequence. The overall rate-determining step is the combined processes of the β-fluorine elimination and the 5-endo insertion. Furthermore, we investigated the effect of different ligands and the regioselectivity of asymmetric alkynes. The detailed energy profiles and structures are presented in this study

Recent progress in layered rare-earth hydroxide (LRH) and its application in luminescence

Abstract This review article compiles the recent achievements made in layered rare-earth (RE) hydroxide (LRH), including controlled crystallization, structural and morphological features, anion exchange, nanosheet exfoliation, and application in the field of luminescence for both the Ln2(OH)5(A x−)1/x ·nH2O (251-LRH) and Ln2(OH)4(A x−)2/x ·nH2O (241-LRH) phases. The luminescent properties of the LRHs themselves, the oxide, oxysulfate, and oxysulfide phosphors derived from the LRHs via controlled calcination, and the highly oriented transparent phosphor films of enhanced luminescence and/or novel emission features are summarized

Research on Knowledge Gap Identification Method in Innovative Organizations under the “Internet+” Environment

Under the “Internet+” environment, the R&D intensity of products and services has increased; hence, organizations need to improve their ability to integrate knowledge and technology resources. Knowledge gaps will arise when an organization’s knowledge reserves fail to meet the needs of innovation activities. This research established a network of complete knowledge topics under the “Internet+” environment based on the Word2Vec model. The word vectors and word frequencies of organizational reserve knowledge texts were analyzed to establish an organizational reserve knowledge topic network. The Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency algorithm was used to identify the demanded knowledge topic. The satisfaction capability of demanded knowledge in the reserve knowledge topic network was calculated via the eigenvector centrality and the fuzzy evaluation method. The corresponding strategies were then put forward to make up the knowledge gap. Finally, a case study was conducted and compared with SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats) and Venn diagram analysis on the economic and management college of a university in Beijing to verify the effectiveness of this method

How to Survive in the Shadow of Sharing Economy Giants: Business Model Innovation for Small and Medium-Sized Platforms

This study aims to explore how small and medium-sized platforms in the sharing economy can gain a competitive advantage in a market monopolized by giants. Taking China’s ride-hailing industry as an example, the k-means clustering method was employed to compare and analyze the characteristics and differences of 207 small and medium-sized platforms based on the framework of the business model canvas. An empirical typology comprising four representative successful business models of small and medium-sized ride-hailing platforms is extracted from the dimensions of key partners, value propositions, customer segmentation, and cost-revenue structure: high-end business platforms, Minibus-hailing platforms, Intercity carpool platforms, and Aggregation mode platforms. The results show that small and medium-sized platforms in the sharing economy can rely on their own characteristics and advantages to seek new potential development directions and gain development space by constructing value propositions and operating models that are different from industry giants. Specifically, it is necessary to further implement refined market identification and segmentation to continuously develop differentiated competitive advantages. In particular, more effective and open business strategies should be explored and practiced to greatly expand the network effects and business boundaries of small and medium-sized platforms, thereby significantly enhancing their competitiveness in the ride-hailing market. This study provides a new perspective on the reconstruction of market exchange in the sharing economy through the prism of small and medium-sized digital platforms and has certain important theoretical significance for supplementing and advancing existing research

Experimental and Numerical Studies on Preparation of Thin AZ31B/AA5052 Composite Plates Using Improved Explosive Welding Technique

In this work, an improved explosive welding technique was investigated to fabricate a thin Mg/Al plate, where an additional thin aluminum sheet was used as a buffer layer between the explosive and the Al plate, and the Mg plate was rigidly constrained by a steel plate to avoid excessive deformation. Moreover, the welding parameters were optimized using theoretical analysis and numerical simulation, and the interfacial behavior was simulated using the SPH method. The bonding properties of the achieved joints were investigated using microstructure observation and mechanical tests. It was concluded that this technique is an effective method for producing a thin Mg/Al composite plate. In both morphology observation and mechanical tests, an excellent bonding quality was confirmed. In addition, smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) simulation revealed an extreme condition of local high temperature and plastic strain in the welding process, and the characteristic parameters of waves obtained using simulation are well congruous with the experiment

PERIOPERATIVE DEXMEDETOMIDINE REDUCES DELIRIUM IN ELDERLY PATIENTS AFTER LUNG CANCER SURGERY

Background: Delirium, which is one of the most disturbing postoperative complications in elderly patients, shows high morbidity in patients undergoing lung cancer surgery. Dexmedetomidine (DEX) is considered a potential prophylactic agent for preventing patients’ delirium after lung cancer surgery. Subjects and methods: Medical records of lung cancer patients over 65 years old with radical pulmonary resection at Henan Provincial People’s Hospital from January 2015 to December 2017, China, were evaluated. Patients, care-providers, and investigators were all blinded to group assignment. DEX was administered in the preoperative and intraoperative periods. The incidence of delirium was calculated based on the Intensive Care Delirium Screening Checklist (ICDSC). Scores of ≥4 and 1-3 points represent the diagnoses of delirium and a pre-delirious state, respectively. Results: During postoperative day 1(POD 1) to POD 7, delirium occurs in both groups. During postoperative POD 1 to POD 7, the incidence of delirium is lower in the DEX group than that in the control group. Furthermore, there are more mild delirium patients but fewer moderate and severe delirium patients in the DEX group compared with the control group. Finally, patients in the DEX group have a shorter duration of delirium, lower numeric pain rating scale during movement and better sleep quality. Conclusion: Preoperative and intraoperative application of DEX can reduce the incidence and intensity of delirium after pulmonary resection in elderly patients with lung cancer