Deciphering Charging Status, Absolute Quantum Efficiency, and Absorption Cross Section of MultiCarrier States in Single Colloidal Quantum Dot

Upon photo- or electrical-excitation, colloidal quantum dots (QDs) are often found in multi-carrier states due to multi-photon absorption and photo-charging of the QDs. While many of these multi-carrier states are observed in single-dot spectroscopy, their properties are not well studied due to random charging/discharging, emission intensity intermittency, and uncontrolled surface defects of single QD. Here we report in-situ deciphering the charging status, and precisely assessing the absorption cross section, and determining the absolute emission quantum yield of mono-exciton and biexciton states for neutral, positively-charged, and negatively-charged single core/shell CdSe/CdS QD. We uncover very different photon statistics of the three charge states in single QD and unambiguously identify their charge sign together with the information of their photoluminescence decay dynamics. We then show their distinct photoluminescence saturation behaviors and evaluated the absolute values of absorption cross sections and quantum efficiencies of monoexcitons and biexcitons. We demonstrate that addition of an extra hole or electron in a QD changes not only its emission properties but also varies its absorption cross section

Endoscopic characteristics of different grades of melanosis coli complicated with polyps

Objective To investigate the endoscopic characteristics of different grades of melanosis coli （MC） complicated with polyps. Methods Clinical and endoscopic data of 597 patients diagnosed with MC who underwent colonoscopy were retrospectively analyzed. The correlation of different grades of MC with age， gender and intestinal diseases was analyzed. The gender， age， polyp size and pathological type of polyps in patients with different grades of MC were analyzed statistically. Results Polyps were more commonly detected in gradeⅠMC than in gradeⅡand gradeⅢMC. The size of polyps significantly differed among different grades of MC. The detection rate of < 0.5 cm polyps in gradeⅢMC was 37.50%， significantly lower than 67.11% in gradeⅠand 60.18% in gradeⅡMC. The detection rate of 0.6-1.0 cm polyps in gradeⅢMC was 57.50%， significantly higher than 23.49% in grade Ⅰand 25.66% in gradeⅡMC. The detection rates of hyperplastic polyps and tubular adenoma significantly differed among different grades of MC complicated with polyp （all P < 0.05）. No statistical significance was observed in the distribution of inflammatory polyp， retention polyp， serrated adenoma and tubular-serrated adenoma among different grades of MC complicated with polyp （all P > 0.05）. Conclusions Polyps are more commonly detected in gradeⅠMC. Polyps of 0.6-1.0 cm in size are more likely to be detected in grade ⅢMC. Hyperplastic polyps are more commonly detected in gradeⅠMC， whereas tubular adenoma in gradeⅡandⅢMC

Optimization for Variable Height Wind Farm Layout Model

The optimization of wind farm layouts is very important for the effective utilization of wind resources. A fixed wind turbine hub height in the layout of wind farms leads to a low wind energy utilization and a higher LCOE (levelized cost of electricity). WOMH (Wind Farm Layout Optimization Model Considering Multiple Hub Heights) is proposed in this paper to tackle the above problem. This model is different from the traditional fixed hub height model, as it uses a variable height wind turbine. In WOMH, the Jensen wake and Weibull distribution are used to describe the wake effect on the wind turbines and wind speed distribution, respectively. An algorithm called DEGM (differential evolution and greedy method with multiple strategies) is proposed to solve WOMH, which is NP hard. In the DEGM, seven strategies are designed to adjust the distribution coordinates of wind turbines so that the height of the wind turbines will be arranged from low to high in the wind direction. This layout reduces the Jensen wake effect, thus reducing the value of the LCOE. The experimental results show that in the DEGM, when the number of wind turbines is 5, 10, 20, 30 and 50, the WOMH reduces the LCOE by 13.96%, 12.54%, 8.22%, 6.14% and 7.77% compared with the fixed hub height model, respectively. In addition, the quality of the solution of the DEGM is more satisfactory than that of the three-dimensional greedy algorithm and the DEEM (differential evolution with a new encoding mechanism) algorithm. In the case of five different numbers of wind turbines, the LCOE of DEGM is at least 3.67% lower than that of DEEM, and an average of 6.83% lower than that of three-dimensional greedy. The model and algorithm in this paper provide an effective solution for the field of wind farm layout optimization

1-Methyl-5-phen­oxy-3-trifluoro­methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carbaldehyde oxime

In the title compound, C12H10F3N3O2, the dihedral angle between the phenyl and pyrazole rings is 96.6 (3)°. In the crystal, pairs of O—H⋯N hydrogen bonds link the mol­ecules, forming inversion dimers. Weak inter­molecular C—H⋯F hydrogen bonds are also observed

Brominated Selinane Sesquiterpenes from the Marine Brown Alga Dictyopteris divaricata

Two new brominated selinane sesquiterpenes, 1-bromoselin-4(14),11-diene (1) and 9-bromoselin-4(14),11-diene (2), one known cadinane sesquiterpene, cadalene (3), and four known selinane sesquiterpenes, α-selinene (4), β-selinene (5), β-dictyopterol (6), and cyperusol C (7), were isolated from a sample of marine brown alga Dictyopteris divaricata collected off the coast of Yantai (China). Their structures were established by detailed MS and NMR spectroscopic analysis, as well as comparison with literature data

Upregulation of microRNA-25 associates with prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma

BACKGROUND: Accumulating evidence has shown that up-regulation of microRNA-25(miR-25) is associated with the prognosis of several types of human malignant solid tumors. However, whether miR-25 expression has influence on the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is still unknown. METHODS: The differentially expressed amount of the miR-25 was validated in triplicate by quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Survival rate was analyzed by log-rank test, and survival curves were plotted according to Kaplan–Meier. Multivariate analysis of the prognostic factors was performed with Cox regression model. RESULTS: The expression of miR-25 was significantly upregulated in HCC tissues when compared with adjacent normal tissues (p<0.0001). Patients who had high miR-25 expression had a shorter overall survival than patients who had low miR-25 expression (median overall survival, 31.0 months versus 42.9 months, p=0.0192). The multivariate Cox regression analysis indicated that miR-25 expression (HR=2.179; p=0.001), TNM stage (HR=1.782; p=0.014), and vein invasion (HR=1.624; p=0.020) were independent prognostic factors for overall survival. CONCLUSION: Our data suggests that the overexpression of miR-25 in HCC tissues is of predictive value on poor prognosis. VIRTUAL SLIDE: The virtual slide(s) for this article can be found here: http://www.diagnosticpathology.diagnomx.eu/vs/198961842111430

Effects of triazolodiazepine on the production of interleukin-6 from murine spleen cells and rabbit synovial cells in vitro

Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a multifunctional cytokine that regulates the immune response, acute phase anaphylactic reaction, and haematopoiesis. Lipopolysaccharide (6–24 μg/ml) significantly induced IL-6 release from murine spleen cells. In cultured rabbit synovial cells interleukin-1 (IL-1, 1–10 U/ml) induced IL-6 production in a concentration-dependent manner. Triazolodiazepine (Tri) is a hetrazepine platelet-activating factor antagonist. In this study we found that Tri (0.1–10 μmol/l) exerted strong inhibitory effects on LPS stimulated IL-6 production in murine spleen cells. Kinetic studies showed that the inhibition of IL-6 release was time-independent. In rabbit synovial cells Tri also reduced IL-6 release induced by IL-1 and tumour necrosis factor. Inhibition of cytokine production by Tri may partially explain its wide and strong anti-inflammatory effects