5,6-Dimethyl-4-phenyl-2H-pyran-2-one

In the title compound, C13H12O2, the dihedral angle between the pyran­one and phenyl rings is 57.55 (9)°. In the crystal, the mol­ecules are linked by π–π stacking inter­actions between the parallel pyran­one rings of neighboring mol­ecules with distances of 3.5778 (11) Å and 3.3871 (11) Å between the planes. C—H⋯O interactions also occur

ZOOTAXA

www.mapress.com/zootaxa

Modeling and Hydrodynamic Characteristics of Bionic Undulate Fin Propeller Driven by Hydraulic

The bionic undulating propeller driven by hydraulic system has different structure, kinematic and dynamic characteristics than that of the common bionic undulating propellers driven by other sources. This paper highlights firstly the structure and driving mechanism of bionic undulating propeller with a hydraulic system, and then setup its kinematic model, based on ruled-surface equation. Changing rules of dynamic mesh for bionic fin is designed based on kinetic model. Later on, the changing courses of hydrodynamic force caused by the bionic undulating fin are calculated and studied with the CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) method, as well as the changing characteristics of the fluid pressure field. The analysis showed that while driven by hydraulic system, the bionic propeller could produce full-baseline undulating motion, and has flexible start-up process, as well as doubled-frequency character. The bionic undulating fin driven by hydraulic system puts up flexible characters on both kinematic and dynamics. Key Words: Hydraulic Driven; Undulating Fin; Bionic Propeller; Dynamic Mesh; Hydrodynamic

Benzyl 2-ethyl­hexyl sulfoxide

The mol­ecule of the title compound, C15H24OS, shows S conformations for the S atom and the asymmetric C atom of the isooctyl group. The long axes of the mol­ecules are directed along the c axis. In the crystal structure, the mol­ecules are linked by weak inter­molecular bifurcated C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds

Late cardioprotection of exercise preconditioning against exhaustive exercise-induced myocardial injury by up-regulatation of connexin 43 expression in rat hearts

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the expression of myocardium connexin 43 (Cx43) in late exercise preconditioning (LEP) cardioprotection.MethodsEight-week-old adult male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly assigned into four groups (n = 8). Myocardial injury was judged in accordance with serum levels of cTnⅠ and NT-proBNP as well as hematoxylin basicfuchsin picric acid staining of myocardium. Cx43 mRNA was detected by in situ hybridization and qualified by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR. Cx43 protein was localized by immunohistochemistry and its expression level was determined by western blotting.ResultsThe LEP obviously attenuated the myocardial ischemia/hypoxia injury caused by exhaustive exercise. There was no significant difference of Cx43 mRNA level between the four groups. Cx43 protein level was decreased significantly in group EE (P < 0.05). However, LEP produced a significant increase in Cx43 protein level (P < 0.05), and the decreased Cx43 protein level in exhaustive exercise was significantly up-regulated by LEP (P < 0.05).ConclusionsLEP protects rat heart against exhaustive exercise-induced myocardial injury by up-regulating the expression of myocardial Cx43

Erzhi Pill® Repairs Experimental Liver Injury via TSC/mTOR Signaling Pathway Inhibiting Excessive Apoptosis

The present study aimed to investigate the mechanism of hepatoprotective effect of Erzhi Pill (EZP) on the liver injury via observing TSC/mTOR signaling pathway activation. The experimental liver injury was induced by 2-acetylaminofluorene (2-AAF) treatment combined with partial hepatectomy (PH). EZP treated 2-AAF/PH-induced liver injury by the therapeutic and prophylactic administration. After the administration of EZP, the activities of aspartic transaminase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (AKP), and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (γ-GT) were decreased, followed by the decreased levels of hepatocyte apoptosis and caspase-3 expression. However, the secretion of albumin, liver weight, and index of liver weight were elevated. Microscopic examination showed that EZP restored pathological liver injury. Meanwhile, Rheb and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) activation were suppressed, and tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) expression was elevated in liver tissues induced by 2-AAF/PHx and accompanied with lower-expression of Bax, Notch1, p70S6K, and 4E-EIF and upregulated levels of Bcl-2 and Cyclin D. Hepatoprotective effect of EZP was possibly realized via inhibiting TSC/mTOR signaling pathway to suppress excessive apoptosis of hepatocyte

A Stochastic Programming Approach for Resilient Hub Location in Power Projection Network considering Random Hub Failures

Hubs are critical facilities in the power projection network. Due to the uncertainty factors such as terrorism threats, severe weather, and natural disasters, hub facilities may be disrupted randomly, which could lead to excessive cost or loss in practice. One of the most effective ways to withstand and reduce the impact of disruptions is designing more resilient networks. In this paper, a stochastic programming model is employed for the hub location problem in the presence of random hub failures. A heuristic algorithm based on Monte Carlo method and tabu search is put forward to solve the model. The proposed approach is more general if there are numbers of hubs that would fail even with different failure probability. Compared with the benchmark model, the model which takes the factor of stochastic failure of hubs into account can give a more resilient power projection network

Topological transitions in continuously-deformed photonic crystals

We demonstrate that multiple topological transitions can occur, with high-sensitivity, by continuous change of the geometry of a simple 2D dielectric-frame photonic crystal consisting of circular air-holes. By changing the radii of the holes and/or the distance between them, multiple transitions between normal and topological photonic band gaps (PBGs) can appear. The time-reversal symmetric topological PBGs resemble the quantum spin-Hall insulator of electrons and have two counter-propagating edge states. We search for optimal topological transitions, i.e., sharp transitions sensitive to the geometry, and optimal topological PBGs, i.e., large PBGs with clean spectrum of edge states. Such optimizations reveal that dielectric-frame photonic crystals are promising for optical sensors and unidirectional waveguides.Comment: submitted to Phys. Rev.