Adherence to a healthy lifestyle and its association with cognitive impairment in community-dwelling older adults in Shanghai

IntroductionThere is a growing body of recent literature linking the association of specific or multiple lifestyles with cognitive impairment, but most of these studies have been conducted in Western populations, and it is necessary to study multiple lifestyles and cognitive abilities in different populations, with the primary population of this study being a select group of community-dwelling older adults in Shanghai, China.MethodsThe sample included 2,390 community-dwelling Chinese participants. Their cognitive function was assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). We defined a healthy lifestyle score on the basis of being non-smoking, performing ≥210 min/wk moderate/vigorous-intensity physical activity, having light to moderate alcohol consumption, eating vegetables and fruits daily, having a body mass index (BMI) of 18.5–23.9 kg/m2, and having a waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) <0.90 for men and <0.85 for women, for an overall score ranging from 0 to 6.ResultsCompared with participants with ≤2 healthy lifestyle factors, the adjusted odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for participants with 4, 5, and 6 healthy lifestyle factors were 0.53 (95% CI, 0.29–0.98), 0.40 (95% CI, 0.21–0.75), and 0.36 (95% CI, 0.16–0.79), respectively. Only WHR (OR = 0.54, 95% CI = 0.37–0.78) and physical activity (OR = 0.69, 95% CI = 0.51–0.92) were associated with cognitive impairment. A healthy lifestyle correlated with overall cognition (β = 0.066, orientation (β = 0.049), language ability (β = 0.060), delayed recall (β = 0.045) and executive function (β = 0.044) (P all < 0.05).ConclusionThe study provides evidence on an inverse association between healthy lifestyles and cognitive impairment. We investigated whether healthy lifestyle was related to specific cognitive functions to provide a theoretical basis for accurate clinical prescription

The impact of intermediate product imports on industrial pollution emissions: Evidence from 30 industries in China.

Open and sustainable development is the theme that underpins a country's high-quality economic development. This study uses GMM regression, mediation effect test to conduct empirical tests based on the panel data of China's industrial sectors from 2003 to 2015 to analyze the internal mechanism of the impact of intermediate product imports on China's industrial pollution emissions. The results show that (1) Intermediate product imports can significantly promote the emission reduction of industrial wastes, including wastewater, waste gas and solid waste. (2) Considering the differences in the level of pollution intensity, this paper classified the sample and found the impact is heterogeneous that for the heavily, moderately, lightly polluted industries, intermediate product imports have different negative impacts on their pollution emissions. (3) Intermediate products imports reduce industrial pollution emissions through import competition effect, variety effect and technology spillover effect, and all of them play a partial mediating role

Angle-insensitive narrowband optical absorption based on high-Q localized resonance

Abstract Strong optical absorption can be achieved easily based on an array of subwavelength localized resonators. The absorption bandwidth is typically wide since subwavelength metallic resonators are limited by a low quality factor (Q) due to their large material loss and so do dielectric counterparts owing to their weak photon binding. Here, an angle-insensitive narrowband optical absorber is suggested, which consists of subwavelength dielectric cavities buried inside a metal. Within each cavity, a special resonant mode of high Q can be supported, which is absorbed slowly by the metal walls as the electric field is concentrated at the cavity center and leaks slowly into the free space due to the blocking of the top metal film covering the cavities. Such a mode is excited to trap the incident wave in the optical absorption. When low-loss silver is used, one can obtain ultra-narrowband absorption with Q up to 487. At lower optical frequencies, the metal film needs to be punctured so that the incident wave can couple into the cavities effectively. The suggested absorption method may find its promising prospect in thermal radiation, photonic detection, optical sensing, and so on