Research on Acquisition and Communication Technology of Marine Equipment Fault Diagnosis Information for Vessels in Inland Rivers

Abstract: This study describes a system for the analysis of the fault diagnosis of marine equipments in inland rivers. Since the normal operation of the marine equipments significantly influences the ship safety, this study develops an efficient fault diagnosis information system for the condition monitoring and fault diagnosis of marine equipments. In this new system, field bus and ship-to-shore communication technologies have been integrated for the fault diagnosis information acquisition. Then the application of network bus, including CAN and RS485, has been employed to connect the fault diagnosis information with Ethernet in the ship. Lastly, for the real time and wireless transmission of the fault information, the Automatic Identification System (AIS) technology has been adopted to provide accurate and reliable fault diagnosis information transmission from ships to onshore diagnosis center. A comprehensive study of the application of proposed fault diagnosis information system has been implemented for remote diagnosis of marine equipments. The analysis results demonstrate that the newly developed fault diagnosis information system can enhance the fault diagnosis precision and hence is competent for the condition monitoring and fault diagnosis of marine equipments in inland rivers

Brevinin-2GHk from Sylvirana guentheri and the design of truncated analogs exhibiting the enhancement of antimicrobial activity

Brevinins are an important antimicrobial peptide (AMP) family discovered in the skin secretions of Ranidae frogs. The members demonstrate a typical C-terminal ranabox, as well as a diverse range of other structural characteristics. In this study, we identified a novel brevinin-2 peptide from the skin secretion of Sylvirana guentheri, via cloning transcripts, and identifying the expressed mature peptide, in the skin secretion. The confirmed amino acid sequence of the mature peptide was designated brevinin-2GHk (BR2GK). Moreover, as a previous study had demonstrated that the N-terminus of brevinin-2 is responsible for exerting antimicrobial activity, we also designed a series of truncated derivatives of BR2GK. The results show that the truncated derivatives exhibit significantly improved antimicrobial activity and cytotoxicity compared to the parent peptide, except a Pro14 substituted analog. The circular dichroism (CD) analysis of this analog revealed that it did not fold into a helical conformation in the presence of either lipopolysaccharides (LPS) or TFE, indicating that position 14 is involved in the formation of the α-helix. Furthermore, three more analogs with the substitutions of Ala, Lys and Arg at the position 14, respectively, revealed the influence on the membrane disruption potency on bacteria and mammalian cells by the structural changes at this position. Overall, the N-terminal 25-mer truncates demonstrated the potent antimicrobial activity with low cytotoxicity

Ethyl methanesulfonate mutant library construction in Neopyropia yezoensis to provide germplasm resources for next-generation genome-selection breeding

With the development of the laver industry, germplasm depression has become a serious issue, and current cultivars cannot adapt to different aquaculture regions. In order to increasing the genetic diversity and developing more germplasm sources, it is urgent and reasonable to construct a mutant library with more new germplasms. In this research, a mutant library was constructed by ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS)-mutagenized archeospores, and the most optimal treatment procedure was determined by performing different mutagen concentrations (2.25%) and treatment times (30 min). A total of 1860 haploid thalli were produced as the M1 mutant population and further cultured into conchocelis clones for the reservation of germplasm resources. Among these, 667 individual thalli were evaluated for their phenotypic traits, including thallus length, thallus width, length/width, thallus shape, photosynthesis ability, thallus color, thallus margin, and specific growth speed. The mutation frequency of the length/width ratio was 17.39%, Fv/Fm and NPQ were 21.84% and 29.35%, respectively, and SGR was 13.59%. The mutation frequency of thallus color was 0.91%. This work may not only provide a basic practical reference guide for EMS-based mutant library construction for other seaweeds but, more importantly, also serve as a valuable resource for functional genomics research and laver breeding

Exogenous betaine enhances salt tolerance of Glycyrrhiza uralensis through multiple pathways

Abstract Background Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch., a valuable medicinal plant, shows contrasting salt tolerance between seedlings and perennial individuals, and salt tolerance at seedling stage is very weak. Understanding this difference is crucial for optimizing cultivation practices and maximizing the plant’s economic potential. Salt stress resistance at the seedling stage is the key to the cultivation of the plant using salinized land. This study investigated the physiological mechanism of the application of glycine betaine (0, 10, 20, 40, 80 mM) to seedling stages of G. uralensis under salt stress (160 mM NaCl). Results G. uralensis seedlings’ growth was severely inhibited under NaCl stress conditions, but the addition of GB effectively mitigated its effects, with 20 mM GB had showing most significant alleviating effect. The application of 20 mM GB under NaCl stress conditions significantly increased total root length (80.38%), total root surface area (93.28%), and total root volume (175.61%), and significantly increased the GB content in its roots, stems, and leaves by 36.88%, 107.05%, and 21.63%, respectively. The activity of betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (BADH2) was increased by 74.10%, 249.38%, and 150.60%, respectively. The 20 mM GB-addition treatment significantly increased content of osmoregulatory substances (the contents of soluble protein, soluble sugar and proline increased by 7.05%, 70.52% and 661.06% in roots, and also increased by 30.74%, 47.11% and 26.88% in leaves, respectively.). Furthermore, it markedly enhanced the activity of antioxidant enzymes and the content of antioxidants (SOD, CAT, POD, APX and activities and ASA contents were elevated by 59.55%, 413.07%, 225.91%, 300.00% and 73.33% in the root, and increased by 877.51%, 359.89%, 199.15%, 144.35%, and 108.11% in leaves, respectively.), and obviously promoted salt secretion capacity of the leaves, which especially promoted the secretion of Na+ (1.37 times). Conclusions In summary, the exogenous addition of GB significantly enhances the salt tolerance of G. uralensis seedlings, promoting osmoregulatory substances, antioxidant enzyme activities, excess salt discharge especially the significant promotion of the secretion of Na+Future studies should aim to elucidate the molecular mechanisms that operate when GB regulates saline stress tolerance

Multifold Enhanced Raman Detection of Organic Molecules as Environmental Water Pollutants

Organic molecules, including the benzene series, have been identified as pollutants in environmental water. Due to their very low solubility, they have very small concentrations in water, and they are difficult to be detected by conventional techniques. In particular, there is a lack of real-time, accurate, and rapid detection methods for such molecules in water. However, they are detrimental to human health in many aspects. Toluene has been an important indicator of such environmental pollution detections. In this work, we propose a 3D SERS scheme consisting of a hollow fiber that is coated on the inner wall with densely arranged silver nanoparticles, which supplies multifold Raman enhancement by the plasmonic microcavity. Strong confinement of excitation laser energy and strongly enhanced Raman signals with the bidirectional collection are utilized to achieve high-sensitivity detection of toluene molecules in water. Raman signal with a reasonable signal-to-noise ratio has been measured for a concentration of 0.53 mg/L, indicating a detection limit even lower than this value for such a Raman spectroscopic technique. The corresponding enhancement factor is higher than 6 × 103 with respect to the available systems. Thus, this device not only enables direct trace detection and real-time monitoring of the water-polluting status by organic molecules but also supplies a practical approach for biological sensing

Direct Laser Writing of SERS Hollow Fibers

We report the direct laser writing (DLW) of surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) structures on the inner wall of a hollow fiber. Colloidal gold–silver alloy nanoparticles (Au–Ag ANPs) are firstly coated onto the inner wall of a hollow fiber. A green laser beam is focused through the outer surface of the hollow fiber to interact with colloidal Au–Ag ANPs so that they become melted and aggregated on the surface of the inner wall with strong adhesion. Such randomly distributed plasmonic nanostructures with high density and small gaps favor the SERS detection of low-concentration molecules in liquids flowing through the hollow fiber. Such a SERS device also supplies a three-dimensional microcavity for the interaction between excitation laser and the target molecules. The DLW system consists mainly of the flexible connection between the motor shaft and the hollow fiber, the program-controlled translation of the hollow fiber along its symmetric axis and rotation about the axis, as well as the mechanical design and the computer control system. This DLW technique enables high production, high stability, high reproducibility, high precision, and a high-flexibility fabrication of the hollow fiber SERS device. The resultant microcavity SERS scheme enables the high-sensitivity detection of R6G molecules in ethanol with a concentration of 10−7 mol/L

Evaluation on power information data asset management system based on BP neural network

With the popularization and development of the current power system, power information data asset management plays a crucial role in modern power systems. However, traditional management methods have some problems, such as low information processing efficiency, low prediction accuracy, and insufficient decision support. In order to better promote its development and achieve efficient management of power information data assets, this article aimed to use BP neural network (Back Propagation Neural Network) to design a power information data asset management system, achieving efficient processing and accurate analysis of power information data. In the article, data preprocessing was achieved through data separation, data cleaning, and data normalization processing. Compared with the traditional power asset management system, it has better management efficiency, lightens the difficulty of asset management and reduces the error rate. In this paper, the power information data is modeled and trained by BP neural network modeling, and the performance index is minimized by error back propagation, and the optimized BP neural network model is integrated into the power information data asset management system to realize data processing and decision support. In order to verify the performance of the power information data asset management system based on BP neural network, this paper tested its system performance. The research results showed that the average processing accuracy of the system under this method for basic data in 10 test cases reached 91.467 %, and the average rationality of decision support reached 89.6 %. The average processing accuracy of real-time data reached 91.625 %, and the average rationality of decision support reached 90.25 %. The average processing accuracy of application data reached 90.675 %, and the average rationality of decision support reached 90.2 %. The results showed that the system under this method has higher accuracy in data processing and can better achieve decision support. This study highlighted the important impact of BP neural networks on data processing, data prediction, decision support, and data security in power information data asset management systems, providing more possibilities for achieving efficient processing and accurate analysis of power information data

Optical Feedback for Sensitivity Enhancement in Direct Raman Detection of Liquids

Detection of low-concentration molecules in liquids has been a challenge in sensing technologies. Raman spectroscopy is an effective approach for trace detection, which is in fact a “volume-excitation” and “volume-collection” technique in the analysis of liquid samples. However, for the commonly employed one-pass excitation and back-scattering detection scheme, a large portion of both the excitation laser energy and the Raman-scattering light energy is wasted without efficient reuse or collection. In this consideration, we demonstrate a broadband optical feedback scheme by a curved high-reflection mirror for both the excitation and the Raman-scattering light, so that the excitation and the forward-propagating Raman signal can be back-reflected and collected with a high efficiency. Using the “F+2f” design, where F and f are the focal lengths of the focusing lens and curved reflection mirror, respectively, we were able to not only produce two focuses of the excitation laser beam but also extend the Raman interaction by a doubled distance. For the detection of pure ethanol molecules and the R6G molecules in water with a concentration of 10−3 M, the Raman signal was enhanced by a factor of about 5.6. The optical feedback scheme and discovered optical mechanisms supply effective improvements to the Raman spectroscopic measurements on liquid samples