883 research outputs found
Magnetic Field Effect on Charmonium Production in High Energy Nuclear Collisions
It is important to understand the strong external magnetic field generated at
the very beginning of high energy nuclear collisions. We study the effect of
the magnetic field on the charmonium yield and anisotropic distribution in
Pb+Pb collisions at the LHC energy. The time dependent Schr\"odinger equation
is employed to describe the motion of pairs. We compare our model
prediction of non- collective anisotropic parameter of s with CMS
data at high transverse momentum. This is the first attempt to measure the
magnetic field in high energy nuclear collisions.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figure
Transition to turbulence in pulsating pipe flow
Fluid flows in nature and applications are frequently subject to periodic
velocity modulations. Surprisingly, even for the generic case of flow through a
straight pipe, there is little consensus regarding the influence of pulsation
on the transition threshold to turbulence: while most studies predict a
monotonically increasing threshold with pulsation frequency (i.e. Womersley
number, ), others observe a decreasing threshold for identical
parameters and only observe an increasing threshold at low . In the
present study we apply recent advances in the understanding of transition in
steady shear flows to pulsating pipe flow. For moderate pulsation amplitudes we
find that the first instability encountered is subcritical (i.e. requiring
finite amplitude disturbances) and gives rise to localized patches of
turbulence ("puffs") analogous to steady pipe flow. By monitoring the impact of
pulsation on the lifetime of turbulence we map the onset of turbulence in
parameter space. Transition in pulsatile flow can be separated into three
regimes. At small Womersley numbers the dynamics are dominated by the decay
turbulence suffers during the slower part of the cycle and hence transition is
delayed significantly. As shown in this regime thresholds closely agree with
estimates based on a quasi steady flow assumption only taking puff decay rates
into account. The transition point predicted in the zero limit equals
to the critical point for steady pipe flow offset by the oscillation Reynolds
number. In the high frequency limit puff lifetimes are identical to those in
steady pipe flow and hence the transition threshold appears to be unaffected by
flow pulsation. In the intermediate frequency regime the transition threshold
sharply drops (with increasing ) from the decay dominated (quasi
steady) threshold to the steady pipe flow level
Dynamics simulation study on civil aircraft planned pavement emergency landing
Engine pylon is one of the most important components of large civil aircraft, playing an essential role in structure connecting and load bearing. It is chosen as the research target, and a full sized engine-pylon-wing finite element model is established. By conducting the simulations of different landing and impacting conditions, dynamical responses and separation status of the pylon are obtained. Some main factors that affect the pylon’s separation are found out on the basis of preliminary analysis. The reasonable pylon separations for belly landing with small pitch angles and dead-stick landing are achieved. At last, further measures to improve the modeling method and achieve better pylon separations are discussed based on a comparative analysis of all the simulation results. The proposed dynamical modeling method along with the emergency landing parameters and simulation results can provide certain reference to similar studies, pylon structure designs and validation tests
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A Tale of Two Villages: Debordering and Rebordering in the Bordered Community Scenic Area
Border is part of the entrenched history and reality of tourist mobility. This study takes the concept of border as the theorical basis to analyze how local borders are produced, developed and transformed in tourism communities. Taking China’s Hongcun Village, a bordered UNESCO World Cultural Heritage Site, and its neighboring community Jicun as the study cases, the authors conducted interviews and observation to explore how local borders are developed. The results show that local borders can be understood from five perspectives in Hongcun Scenic Area: administrative, physical, social-economic, functional and psychological. They are not fixed but interacting with each other and constantly changing. This paper contributes to the literature as it reveals that local borders are always driven by external forces and actors, strongly supported by the market economy. And it conceptualizes borders as processes including bordering, debordering and rebordering, which provides a dynamic perspective to understand tourism impacts
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