Free Ω\Omega-Rota-Baxter systems and Gr\"obner-Shirshov bases

In this paper, we propose the concept of an $\Omega$-Rota-Baxter system, which is a generalization of a Rota-Baxter system and an $\Omega$-Rota-Baxter algebra of weight zero. In the framework of operated algebras, we obtain a linear basis of a free $\Omega$-Rota-Baxter system for an extended diassociative semigroup $\Omega$, in terms of bracketed words and the method of Gr\"obner-Shirshov bases. As applications, we introduce the concepts of Rota-Baxter system family algebras and matching Rota-Baxter systems as special cases of $\Omega$-Rota-Baxter systems, and construct their free objects. Meanwhile, free $\Omega$-Rota-Baxter algebras of weight zero, free Rota-Baxter systems, free Rota-Baxter family algebras and free matching Rota-Baxter algebras are reconstructed via new method.Comment: 18 page

Clinical significance of HPV-HC2 in diagnosis and prognosis of cervical lesions: a retrospective study

Background: To evaluate the human papillomavirus HC2 different range detection values and their clinical significance in prediction of CIN lesions grades as well as their role in the follow-up outcome after treatment.Methods: Using the hybrid capture 2 to detect and measure the HPV and the viral load quantity, we enrolled a total of 527 HPV positive women. All patients underwent thin prep liquid-based cytology test (TCT) and only 325 underwent colposcopy guided biopsy due to abnormal cytology results. All cytology and biopsy results were collected and analyzed according to the HPV viral load. Among these patients 108 patients were followed during 2years post-operatives and their prognosis results were collected and analyzed.Results: The proportion and severity of cytological abnormalities was positively correlated with the HPV-HC2 viral load (P0.05).Conclusions: High HPV-HC2 viral load is significantly associated with the severity of cervical lesions (CIN), however it does not predict any further prognosis on follow-up after treatment

A review of historical reconstruction methods of land use/land cover

Understanding long-term human-environment interactions requires historical reconstruction of past land-use and land-cover changes. Most reconstructions have been based primarily on consistently available and relatively standardized information from historical sources. Based on available data sources and a retrospective research, in this paper we review the approaches and methods of the digital reconstruction and analyze their advantages and possible constraints in the following aspects: (1) Historical documents contain qualitative or semi-quantitative information about past land use, which also usually include land-cover data, but preparation of archival documents is very time-consuming. (2) Historical maps and pictures offer visual and spatial quantitative land-cover information. (3) Natural archive has significant advantages as a method for reconstructing past vegetation and has its unique possibilities especially when historical records are missing or lacking, but it has great limits of rebuilding certain land-cover types. (4) Historical reconstruction models have been gradually developed from empirical models to mechanistic ones. The method does not only reconstruct the quantity of land use/cover in historical periods, but it also reproduces the spatial distribution. Yet there are still few historical land-cover datasets with high spatial resolution. (5) Reconstruction method based on multiple-source data and multidisciplinary research could build historical land-cover from multiple perspectives, complement the missing data, verify reconstruction results and thus improve reconstruction accuracy. However, there are challenges that make the method still in the exploratory stage. This method can be a long-term development goal for the historical land-cover reconstruction. Researchers should focus on rebuilding historical land-cover dataset with high spatial resolution by developing new models so that the study results could be effectively applied in simulations of climatic and ecological effects

Deciphering the Structural Evolution and Electronic Properties of Magnesium Clusters: An Aromatic Homonuclear Metal Mg17 Cluster

The structures and electronic properties of low-energy neutral and anionic Mg_<i>n</i> (<i>n</i> = 3–20) clusters have been studied by utilizing a widely adopted CALYPSO structure searching method coupled with density functional theory calculations. A large number of low-energy isomers are optimized at the B3PW91 functional with the 6-311+G­(d) basis set. The optimized geometries clearly indicate that a structural transition from hollow three-dimensional configurations to filled-cage-like structures occurs at <i>n</i> = 16 for both neutral and anionic clusters. Based on the anionic ground state structures, photoelectron spectra are simulated using time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) and compared with experimental results. The good agreement validates that the current ground state structures, obtained from the symmetry-unconstrained searches, are true global minima. A detailed chemical bonding analysis distinctly indicates that the Mg₁₇ cluster is the first neutral locally π-aromatic homonuclear all-metal cluster, which perfectly satisfies Hückel’s well-known 4<i>N</i> + 2 rule

Dual Immunotherapy in advanced or Metastatic Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: a Network Meta-Analysis

OBJECTIVES: Recently, there has been extensive research on dual immunotherapy for advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), yet a comprehensive evaluation is lacking. This study aimed to rank the available treatment options and assess the efficacy and safety of dual immunotherapy regimens through the implementation of a Bayesian network meta-analysis (NMA). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A thorough search was conducted to recognize eligible randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on March 20, 2023. Overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) and grade ≥3 TRAEs were evaluated to identify the efficacy and safety of dual immunotherapy regimens. The surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA) and RESULTS: Eleven clinical trials involving six different regimens were included in this study. The combination of anti-programmed cell death protein 1/programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-1/PD-L1) antibodies with anti-T-cell immunoglobulin and ITIM domain (TIGIT) antibodies emerged as the most promising regimen for improving OS and PFS, followed by anti-PD-1/PD-L1 + anti-cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4) + chemotherapy treatment and anti-PD-1/PD-L1 + anti-CTLA-4 treatment. The forest plots demonstrated that these three regimens were all superior to chemotherapy. The above results were observed in both unselected treatment line and first-line settings. The least likely to be associated with TRAEs and grade ≥3 TRAEs were respectively anti-CTLA-4 treatment and anti-PD-1/PD-L1 + anti-TIGIT treatment, with anti-PD-1/PD-L1 + anti-CTLA-4 + chemotherapy treatment to be the worst. CONCLUSIONS: This NMA validated the promising efficacy and safety of dual immunotherapy in advanced or metastatic NSCLC. Among them, anti-PD-1/PD-L1 + anti-TIGIT regimen emerges as a highly potential therapeutic approach. Ongoing research efforts should focus on improving treatment regimens, identifying biomarkers, and managing TRAEs to optimize the patient benefits of dual immunotherapy

An Ontology-Based Semantic Similarity Measure Considering Multi-Inheritance in Biomedicine

Computation of semantic similarity between words for text understanding is a vital issue in many applications such as word sense disambiguation, document categorization, and information retrieval. In recent years, different paradigms have been proposed to compute semantic similarity based on different ontologies and knowledge resources. In this paper, we propose a new similarity measure combining both superconcepts of the evaluated concepts and their common specificity feature. The common specificity feature considers the depth of the Least Common Subsumer (LCS) of two concepts and the depth of the ontology to obtain more semantic evidence. The multiple inheritance phenomenon in a large and complex taxonomy is taken into account by all superconcepts of the evaluated concepts. We evaluate and compare the correlation obtained by our measure with human scores against other existing measures exploiting SNOMED CT as the input ontology. The experimental evaluations show the applicability of the measure on different datasets and confirm the efficiency and simplicity of our proposed measure

Maternal Personality and Child Temperamental Reactivity: Differential Susceptibility for Child Externalizing Behavioral Problems in China

It is important to identify the developmental antecedents of externalizing behavioral problems in early childhood. The current study examined the main effects of maternal personality and its interactive effects with child temperamental reactivity in predicting child externalizing behavioral problems, indicated by impulsivity and aggression. This study was composed of 70 children (Mage = 17.6 months, SD = 3.73) and their mothers. The results showed that maternal agreeableness was negatively associated with child impulsivity. Child temperamental reactivity moderated the effect of maternal conscientiousness on child impulsivity in support of the differential susceptibility model. Specifically, for highly reactive children, maternal conscientiousness was negatively associated with child impulsivity whereas this association was non-significant for low reactive children. Child reactivity also moderated the contribution of maternal neuroticism to child impulsivity. That is, maternal neuroticism was negatively associated with impulsivity, only for highly reactive children

Lab-in-a-Tube: A portable imaging spectrophotometer for cost-effective, high-throughput, and label-free analysis of centrifugation processes

Centrifuges serve as essential instruments in modern experimental sciences, facilitating a wide range of routine sample processing tasks that necessitate material sedimentation. However, the study for real time observation of the dynamical process during centrifugation has remained elusive. In this study, we developed an innovative Lab_in_a_Tube imaging spectrophotometer that incorporates capabilities of real time image analysis and programmable interruption. This portable LIAT device costs less than 30 US dollars. Based on our knowledge, it is the first Wi Fi camera built_in in common lab centrifuges with active closed_loop control. We tested our LIAT imaging spectrophotometer with solute solvent interaction investigation obtained from lab centrifuges with quantitative data plotting in a real time manner. Single re circulating flow was real time observed, forming the ring shaped pattern during centrifugation. To the best of our knowledge, this is the very first observation of similar phenomena. We developed theoretical simulations for the single particle in a rotating reference frame, which correlated well with experimental results. We also demonstrated the first demonstration to visualize the blood sedimentation process in clinical lab centrifuges. This remarkable cost effectiveness opens up exciting opportunities for centrifugation microbiology research and paves the way for the creation of a network of computational imaging spectrometers at an affordable price for large scale and continuous monitoring of centrifugal processes in general.Comment: 21 Pages, 6 Figure