Modeling Gene-Environment Interaction for the Risk of Non-hodgkin Lymphoma

Background: Non-hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) is one of the most common and deadly cancers. There is limited analysis of gene-environment interactions for the risk of NHL. This study intends to explore the interactions between genetic variants and environmental factors, and how they contribute to NHL risk.Methods: A case-control study was performed in Shanghai, China. The cases were diagnosed between 2003 and 2008 with patients aged 18 years or older. Samples and SNPs which did not satisfy quality control were excluded from the analysis. Weighted and unweighted genetic risk scores (GRS) and environmental risk scores were generated using clustering analysis algorithm. Univariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted. Moreover, genetics and environment interactions (G × E) were tested on the NHL cases and controls.Results: After quality control, there are 22 SNPs, 11 environmental variables and 5 demographical variables to be explored. For logistic regression analyses, 5 SNPs (rs1800893, rs4251961, rs1800630, rs13306698, rs1799931) and environmental tobacco smoking showed statistically significant associations with the risk of NHL. Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) was 10.82 (4.34–28.88) for rs13306698, 2.84 (1.66–4.95) for rs1800893, and 2.54 (1.43–4.58) for rs4251961. For G × E analysis, the interaction between smoking and dichotomized weighted GRS showed statistically significant association with NHL (OR = 0.23, 95% CI = [0.09, 0.61]).Conclusions: Several genetic and environmental risk factors and their interactions associated with the risk of NHL have been identified. Replication in other cohorts is needed to validate the results

Linkage of Chronic Disease Data from Provincial Sources for Strategic Decision Support and Population Health Surveillance in British Columbia (BC)

Introduction BC Ministry of Health (MoH)’s health administrative data holdings for a variety of general health care data are not readily linked with various data registries maintained by specialized care agencies of the Provincial Health Services Authority (PHSA). These provincial data sources have rich chronic disease information for BC residents. Objectives and Approach The objective of this project is to develop a system for cross-agency linkage of provincial level chronic disease data to improve chronic disease information that would support the BC’s health system, MoH and PHSA agencies in particular, in healthcare delivery and chronic disease prevention planning. We aim to achieve linkage of data from various provincial chronic disease data sources of the MoH and PHSA, with further potential to link with variety of other external databases such as Census data for socio-economic determinants of health. We are reporting here the outcome of the first phase of this project. Results The outcomes from the project to date were as follows: Data linkage between the MoH’s administrative databases, Chronic Disease Registries (CDRs) in particular and Census based socio-economic status (SES) data was achieved, providing the population level evidence of health outcomes such as health inequity, comorbidities and multimorbidities (sub-project # 1). Preliminary results on data quality and health outcomes by SES will be presented. This was followed by completion of securing approval to ensure data security compliance for data linkages of CDRs with the Provincial Renal Agency’s Registry called “PROMIS” (sub-project # 2), Cardiac Services BC’s Registry called “HEARTis” ((sub-project # 3), and BC Cancer Agency’s Registry and BC Generations Project data (sub-project # 4), for implementation to answer agency specific research questions. Conclusion/Implications This data linkage project to consolidate information from chronic disease and socio-economic databases for providing answers to various analytic questions posed will improve decision support and enhanced population health surveillance. The lessons learned from this multi-agency collaboration and their implications for other jurisdictions will be addressed

Urinary metabolite concentrations of organophosphorous pesticides, bisphenol A, and phthalates among pregnant women in Rotterdam, the Netherlands: The Generation R study

Concern about potential health impacts of low level exposures to organophosphorus (OP) pesticides, bisphenol A (BPA), and phthalates among the general population is increasing. We measured levels of six dialkyl phosphate (DAP) metabolites of OP pesticides, a chlorpyrifos-specific metabolite (3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol, TCPy), BPA, and fourteen phthalate metabolites in urine samples of 100 pregnant women from the Generation R study, the Netherlands. The unadjusted and creatinine-adjusted concentrations were reported, and compared to National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey and other studies. In general, these metabolites were detectable in the urine of the women from the Generation R study and compared with other groups, they had relatively high level exposures to OP pesticides and several phthalates but similar exposure to BPA. The median concentrations of total dimethyl (DM) metabolites was 264.0 nmol/g creatinine (Cr) and of total DAP was 316.0 nmol/g Cr. The median concentration of mono-ethyl phthalate (MEP) was 222.0 µg/g Cr; the median concentrations of mono-isobutyl phthalate (MiBP) and mono-n-butyl phthalate (MnBP) were above 50 µg/g Cr. The median concentrations of the three secondary metabolites of di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) were greater than 20 µg/g Cr. The data indicate that the Generation R study population provides a wide distribution of selected environmental exposures. Reasons for the relatively high levels and possible health effects need investigation

Perfluorinated compounds in whole fish homogenates from the Ohio, Missouri, and Upper Mississippi Rivers, USA

A method for the analysis of 10 perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) in whole fish homogenate is presented and applied to 60 fish samples collected from the Ohio, Missouri, and upper Mississippi Rivers in 2005. Method accuracy ranged between 86 and 125% with limits of quantitation between 0.2 and 10 ng/g wet weight. Intra- and inter-batch precision was generally ±20%. Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) was the predominant compound identified in these samples, contributing over 80% of total PFC composition in the fish from these rivers, with median PFOS concentrations of 24.4, 31.8, and 53.9 ng/g wet wt in the Missouri, Ohio, and Mississippi Rivers, respectively. Median PFOS levels were significantly (p = 0.01) elevated in piscivorous fish (88.0 ng/g) when compared with non-piscivorous fish (15.9 ng/g). The 10 samples with PFOS concentrations above 200 ng/g were broadly scattered across all three rivers, providing evidence of the widespread presence of this compound in these US waterways

Aperçu - Impact des décès par surdose de drogue sur l’espérance de vie à la naissance en Colombie-Britannique

Nous avons quantifié la contribution des principales causes de décès et de surdose à l’évolution de l’espérance de vie à la naissance et aux disparités en matière de sexe et de situation socioéconomique en Colombie-Britannique. Entre 2014 et 2016, l’espérance de vie à la naissance a diminué de 0,38 an et les décès par surdose (principalement liés aux opioïdes) ont contribué à ce recul pour 0,12 an. L’analyse a également montré que le taux plus élevé de mortalité par surdose constaté chez les hommes et les membres des catégories socioéconomiques plus défavorisées a contribué à une diminution différentielle dans ces deux groupes de l’espérance de vie à la naissance

Time and spatial trends in lymphoid leukemia and lymphoma incidence and survival among children and adolescents in Manitoba, Canada: 1984-2013

<div><p>Objectives</p><p>To test for time and spatial trends in lymphoid malignancies, including lymphoid leukemia (LL), Hodgkin lymphoma (HL), and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), in children and adolescents in the province of Manitoba, Canada.</p><p>Methods</p><p>Incident cases diagnosed between 1984 and 2013 were identified from the Manitoba Cancer Registry. We assessed time trends in age-standardized incidence rates using joinpoint regression and in 5-year relative survival using Poisson regression model. Kulldorff's scan method was used to assess spatial variation and clustering.</p><p>Results</p><p>Age-standardized incidence rates (per million person-years) in males and females were 34.0 (95% confidence interval [CI] 28.9–39.1) and 26.2 (95% CI 21.5–30.7) for LL, 10.5 (95% CI 7.7–13.3) and 12.5 (95% CI 9.4–15.7) for HL, 12.5 (95% CI 9.3–15.4) and 7.7 (95% CI 5.2–10.2) for NHL (except for Burkitt lymphomas), and 3.2 (95% CI 1.6–4.7) and 1.5 (95% CI 0.4–2.5) for Burkitt lymphomas. Age- and sex- standardized LL incidence rate increased 1.4% (95% CI 0.3%-2.5%) per year, while the changes for HL and NHL incidence rates were not statistically significant. There were geographic differences in age-standardized incidence rates for LL, HL, and NHL and spatial clusters were detected in southern part of the province. Five-year relative survival has improved over time and there was no difference between rural and urban areas.</p><p>Conclusions</p><p>Lymphoid leukemia incidence rate increased over time and varied by geographic area. Further research should examine the factors contributing to these trends.</p></div

Time trends for age- and sex-standardized lymphoid leukemia (a), Hodgkin lymphoma (b), and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (c) incidence in children and adolescents in Manitoba, Canada: 1984–2013.

<p>Time trends for age- and sex-standardized lymphoid leukemia (a), Hodgkin lymphoma (b), and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (c) incidence in children and adolescents in Manitoba, Canada: 1984–2013.</p

Age-standardized lymphoid leukemia and lymphoma incidence rates (per million person-years) in children and adolescents in Manitoba, Canada: 1984–2013.

<p>Age-standardized lymphoid leukemia and lymphoma incidence rates (per million person-years) in children and adolescents in Manitoba, Canada: 1984–2013.</p