734 research outputs found
An Experiment: The Optimal Number of Participants for the Usability Testing of Mobile Apps
Mobile applications (apps) are being released rapidly with the development of smart devices. Usability is a critical success factor and it is essential to conduct usability tests before launching mobile apps. The aim of this research was to find the optimal number of participants for the usability testing of mobile apps. This research involved conducting 4 rounds of usability tests using representatives of the users of a mobile app “JB-Career-Connect”, which provides a platform for establishing direct connection between graduating students and employers. Each of the testing rounds had different number of participants. Our test results show that 2 testers detected 16% of the usability issues; 5 testers detected 36% of the usability issues; while 9 and 12 testers each detected 64% of the usability issues. 9 testers appear to be more cost-effective since they performed well in other usability metrics. Our research provides evidence that 9 testers is the optimal number of participants required for testing the usability of mobile apps
A Hybrid Secure Scheme for Wireless Sensor Networks against Timing Attacks Using Continuous-Time Markov Chain and Queueing Model
Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have recently gained popularity for a wide
spectrum of applications. Monitoring tasks can be performed in various
environments. This may be beneficial in many scenarios, but it certainly
exhibits new challenges in terms of security due to increased data
transmission over the wireless channel with potentially unknown threats. Among
possible security issues are timing attacks, which are not prevented by
traditional cryptographic security. Moreover, the limited energy and memory
resources prohibit the use of complex security mechanisms in such systems.
Therefore, balancing between security and the associated energy consumption
becomes a crucial challenge. This paper proposes a secure scheme for WSNs
while maintaining the requirement of the security-performance tradeoff. In
order to proceed to a quantitative treatment of this problem, a hybrid
continuous-time Markov chain (CTMC) and queueing model are put forward, and
the tradeoff analysis of the security and performance attributes is carried
out. By extending and transforming this model, the mean time to security
attributes failure is evaluated. Through tradeoff analysis, we show that our
scheme can enhance the security of WSNs, and the optimal rekeying rate of the
performance and security tradeoff can be obtained. View Full-Tex
Associations of plasma very-long-chain SFA and the metabolic syndrome in adults
Plasma levels of very-long-chain SFA (VLCSFA) are associated with the metabolic syndrome (MetS). However, the associations may vary by different biological activities of individual VLCSFA or population characteristics. We aimed to examine the associations of VLCSFA and MetS risk in Chinese adults. Totally, 2008 Chinese population aged 35–59 years were recruited and followed up from 2010 to 2012. Baseline MetS status and plasma fatty acids data were available for 1729 individuals without serious diseases. Among 899 initially metabolically healthy individuals, we identified 212 incident MetS during the follow-up. Logistic regression analysis was used to estimate OR and 95 % CI. Cross-sectionally, each VLCSFA was inversely associated with MetS risk; comparing with the lowest quartile, the multivariate-adjusted OR for the highest quartile were 0·18 (95 % CI 0·13, 0·25) for C20 : 0, 0·26 (95 % CI 0·18, 0·35) for C22 : 0, 0·19 (95 % CI 0·13, 0·26) for C24 : 0 and 0·16 (0·11, 0·22) for total VLCSFA (all Pfor trend<0·001). The associations remained significant after further adjusting for C16 : 0, C18 : 0, C18 : 3n-3, C22 : 6n-3, n-6 PUFA and MUFA, respectively. Based on follow-up data, C20 : 0 or C22 : 0 was also inversely associated with incident MetS risk. Among the five individual MetS components, higher levels of VLCSFA were most strongly inversely associated with elevated TAG (≥1·7 mmol/l). Plasma levels of VLCSFA were significantly and inversely associated with MetS risk and individual MetS components, especially TAG. Further studies are warranted to confirm the findings and explore underlying mechanisms
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