Moving Deep Learning into Web Browser: How Far Can We Go?

Recently, several JavaScript-based deep learning frameworks have emerged, making it possible to perform deep learning tasks directly in browsers. However, little is known on what and how well we can do with these frameworks for deep learning in browsers. To bridge the knowledge gap, in this paper, we conduct the first empirical study of deep learning in browsers. We survey 7 most popular JavaScript-based deep learning frameworks, investigating to what extent deep learning tasks have been supported in browsers so far. Then we measure the performance of different frameworks when running different deep learning tasks. Finally, we dig out the performance gap between deep learning in browsers and on native platforms by comparing the performance of TensorFlow.js and TensorFlow in Python. Our findings could help application developers, deep-learning framework vendors and browser vendors to improve the efficiency of deep learning in browsers

Responding mechanism of macro-micro characteristics and water abundance on Jurassic sandstone in Northern Shaanxi Province

The water abundance of sandstone aquifer is the basis of mine water prevention and control. With the gradual development of the Jurassic coal resources in northern Shaanxi areas, the study of water abundance of Jurassic sandstone aquifer is of great significance to ensure safe and efficient mining. However, how its heterogeneity affects water abundance, that is the influence mechanism is still unclear. Taking Dahaize Coal Mine as the research area, through the division of sedimentary facies and 38 typical sandstone samples casting thin section image analysis, mercury injection, nuclear magnetic resonance and so on laboratory tests, combined with the results of borehole pumping test, the sedimentary facies, micro pore structure and its relationship with water abundance of Jurassic Zhiluo Formation and Yan’an Formation were studied. The response mechanism of sandstone microscopic pore structure on water abundance is revealed. The results show that the lower Zhiluo Formation in Dahaize Coal Mine mainly develops river sand dam and flood plain sedimentary microfacies of river sedimentary system; The third section of Yan’an Formation mainly develops distributary channel and interdistributary bay sedimentary microfacies of delta sedimentary system. The river sedimentary system is generally more water abundance than the aquifer of delta sedimentary system. The water abundance of channel sand dam dominated by coarse sandstone and medium sandstone is stronger than that of flood plain dominated by medium sandstone and fine sandstone. The water abundance of distributary channel with large sandstone thickness and sand ratio is larger than that of interdistributary bay with small sandstone thickness and sand ratio. The microscopic pore structure could be divided into four types by physical properties, lithology, pore distribution, connectivity, which are type Ⅰ for large pore and coarse throat, type Ⅱ for mesopore and middle-fine throat, type Ⅲ for keyhole and fine throat, type Ⅳ for small- microporous and micro-fine throat, and the pore structure becomes worse and the water abundance becomes weaker from I to IV. The macroscopic sedimentary facies and microscopic pore structure of the sandstone jointly characterize the water abundance of aquifer. It provides a new idea for the characteristics and scientific prediction of water abundance of sandstone aquifer, and provides theoretical basis for mine water control

Crude Oil Spot Price Forecasting Using Ivanov-Based LASSO Vector Autoregression

This paper proposes a forecasting methodology that investigates a set of different sparse structures for the vector autoregression (VAR) model using the Ivanov-based least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) framework. The variant auxiliary problem principle method is used to solve the various Ivanov-based LASSO-VAR variants, which is supported by parallel computing with simple closed-form iteration and linear convergence rate. A test case with ten crude oil spot prices is used to demonstrate the improvement in forecasting skills gained from exploring sparse structures. The proposed method outperformed the conventional vector autoregressive model

Sample Plot Change in the Seventh Review of Continuous National Forest Inventory in Zigui County

The following qualitative conclusions of forest resources in Zigui can be drawn by the research on 73 plots and 5 vegetation plots: forest area is increasing; forest growing stock is increasing; the adjustment of forest category structure is constantly improved; forest quality has been improving; stand structure is optimized continuously; biodiversity has initially appeared

Synthesis of 3‑Amino-3-hydroxymethyloxindoles and 3‑Hydroxy-3-hydroxymethyloxindoles by Rh₂(OAc)₄‑Catalyzed Three-Component Reactions of 3‑Diazooxindoles with Formaldehyde and Anilines or Water

Efficient Rh­(II)-catalyzed three-component reactions of 3-diazooxindoles and formaldehyde with either anilines or water were developed to give a series of substituted 3-amino-3-hydroxymethyloxindoles or 3-hydroxy-3-hydroxymethyloxindoles in good to excellent yields. In this atom- and step-economic transformation, Rh₂(OAc)₄-catalyzed decomposition of 3-diazooxindoles with anilines or water forms the corresponding active ammonium or oxonium ylides. Electrophilic trapping of the resulting ammonium ylides or oxonium ylides by formaldehyde in the form of formalin efficiently produces the title compounds in one step

Extended-wavelength InGaAsSb infrared unipolar barrier detectors

We presented an extended-wavelength InGaAsSb infrared unipolar barrier detector working at room temperature. The detector with GaSb lattice-matched InGaAsSb absorb layer and AlGaAsSb unipolar barrier can achieve high material quality and low dark current. The dark current density was 2.29×10-5 A/cm2 at 0 bias at 77K. At room temperature the dark current at 0 bias was 4×10-3 A/cm2 and the R0A is high to 44 Ω · cm2. We fabricated the cone arrays in the InGaAsSb absorb layer to reduce the reflection of the radiation and extend the spectrum response to visible area. The extended-wavelength detector had the response from the wavelength of 0.4 μm. Further experiment showed the cone arrays also reduced the dark current of the detector at room temperature

Integrating serum metabolomics and network analysis to explore the antidepressant activity of crocin in rats with chronic unexpected mild stress-induced depression

AbstractContext Crocin exhibits anti-depressant properties. However, its underlying mechanisms and its relationship with metabolomics remain unclear.Objective This study elucidates the mechanism of action and potential targets of crocin in treating chronic unexpected mild stress (CUMS)-induced depression in rats.Materials and methods Male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats underwent 4 weeks of CUMS to establish the depression model. The normal control (distilled water), crocin (25 mg/kg), and fluoxetine (5.4 mg/kg) groups were orally administered for 4-weeks. Behavioural tests evaluated the effects of crocin, while liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry metabolomics identified differential metabolites and their associated metabolic pathways. Subsequently, network pharmacology was utilized to predict the targets of crocin.Results Crocin significantly increased body weight (from 319.16 ± 4.84 g to 325.67 ± 2.84 g), sucrose preference (from 0.46 ± 0.09 to 0.70 ± 0.09), vertical activity (from 2.83 ± 1.94 to 8 ± 2.36), horizontal activity (from 1 ± 0.63 to 4.5 ± 3.08) and decreased immobilization time (from 13.16 ± 2.69 to 3.97 ± 3.00). Metabolomics analysis identified 7 metabolites and 5 associated metabolic pathways. From the combined analysis of network pharmacology and metabolomics, three targets (PRMT1, CYP3A4, and GLB1) are the overlapping targets and the two most important metabolic pathways are tryptophan metabolism and glycerolipid metabolism.Discussion and conclusions This study provides insights into the antidepressant therapeutic effect of crocin and its underlying mechanisms. The findings contribute to a better understanding of the metabolic mechanism involved in the anti-depressant effect of crocin, establishing a strong foundation for future research in this area