Density of SBW25 phenotypes and competitors

In this file, we include the density of six SBW25 phenotypes and competitors. Data are log10-(x+1) transformed

The comparison of the real weights and the weights estimated from different methods.

<p>The comparison of the real weights and the weights estimated from different methods.</p

The results of our method, the regularised logistic regression (RLR) and sparse Bayesian learning (SBL) under different noise levels.

<p>The accuracy of classification, false positive and false negative rates are compared.</p

The comparison of the real weights and the weights estimated from different methods.

<p>The comparison of the real weights and the weights estimated from different methods.</p

The ontology built using the top 10 significant GO terms discovered from up-regulated genes for MD compared to Mglio.

<p>The ontology built using the top 10 significant GO terms discovered from up-regulated genes for MD compared to Mglio.</p

SBW25 density and richness

SBW25 density and richnes

Electronic Supplementary Tables and Figures from Spatial storage effect promotes biodiversity during adaptive radiation

Many ecological communities are enormously diverse. Variation in environmental conditions over time and space provides opportunities for temporal and spatial storage effects to operate, potentially promoting species coexistence and biodiversity. While several studies have provided empirical evidence supporting the significance of temporal storage effect for coexistence, empirical tests of the role of spatial storage effect are rare. In particular, we know little about how spatial storage effect contributes to biodiversity over evolutionary timescales. Here we report the first experimental study on the role of spatial storage effect in the maintenance of biodiversity in evolving metacommunities, using the bacterium <i>Pseudomonas fluorescens</i> SBW25 as a laboratory model of adaptive radiation. We found that intercommunity spatial heterogeneity promoted phenotypic diversity of <i>P. fluorescens</i> in the presence of dispersal among local communities, by allowing the spatial storage effect to operate. Mechanistically, greater niche differences among <i>P. fluorescens</i> phenotypes arose in metacommunities with intercommunity spatial heterogeneity, facilitating negative frequency-dependent selection, and thus, the coexistence among <i>P. fluorescens</i> phenotypes. These results highlight the importance of spatial storage effect for biodiversity over evolutionary timescales

phylogeny

Phylogenetic tree for the 58 species that were observed in the experimental area

community structure

Species richness, Mean phylogenetic distance (MPD), and Net relatedness index (NRI) for all experimental plots

Characteristics of the benchmark network set.

<p>Characteristics of the benchmark network set.</p