Construing Ideational Meaning in Electronics Devicesadvertisements in Jawa Pos: a Systemic Functional Linguisticmultimodal Discourse Analysis

This research deals with multimodal discourse analysis. The data were collected from printed advertisements ofJawa Pos newspaper. Generic Structure Potential of printed advertisement (GSP) proposed by Cheong (2004)and Halliday\u27s (1994) transitivity were applied. Cheong\u27s framework is applied to reveal the elements of visualand linguistic elements, meanwhile Halliday\u27s transitivity is used to know the processes. Thereby, this researchdiscovers the relationship between image and text in one context. The result shows that visual elements in theprinted advertisements are Lead, Emblem, and Display. Lead consists of Locus of Attention (LoA) andComplements to the Locus of Attention (Comp. LoA). Meanwhile, the linguistic elements are Announcement,Emblem, Enhancer, Tag, and Call-and-Visit Information. Finally, it is found that there is interconnectednessbetween the visual and linguistic elements in the printed advertisement. It causes high ContextualizationPropensity (CP), narrow Interpretative Space (IS), and also small Semantic Effervescence (SE)

Effect of the Poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) Density on the Access and Uptake of Particles by Antigen-Presenting Cells (APCs) after Subcutaneous Administration

Lymphatic trafficking of particles to the secondary lymphoid organs, such as lymph nodes, and the cell types that particles access are critical factors that control the quality and quantity of immune responses. In this study, we evaluated the effect of PEGylation on the lymphatic trafficking and accumulation of particles in draining lymph nodes (dLNs) as well as the cell types that internalized particles. As a model system, 200 nm polystyrene (PS) particles were modified with different densities of poly­(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and administered subcutaneously to mice. PEGylation enhanced the efficiency of particle drainage away from the injection site as well as the access of particles to dendritic cells (DCs). The accumulation of particles in dLNs was dependent on the PEG density. PEGylation also enhanced uptake by DCs while reducing internalization by B cells at the single cell level. Our results indicate that PEGylation facilitated the trafficking of particles to dLNs either through enhanced trafficking in lymphatic vessels or by enhanced internalization by migratory DCs. This study provides insight into utilizing PEGylated particles for the development of synthetic vaccines

Granulomatous diseases.

<p>Granulomatous diseases.</p

Non-granulomatous diseases.

<p>Non-granulomatous diseases.</p

IL-8 regulates the activation of ERK1/2 in HUVECs.

<p>(A) HUVECs were incubated with CM1, CM2, or CM1/CM2 pre-treated with neutralising antibody against IL-8 (IL-8 NA). Phosphorylation of ERK1/2 was detected by Western blot. **P<0.01 vs.CM1, ^## P<0.01 vs.CM2 without IL-8 NA. (B) Mxi1-0 expression in HUVECs incubated with CM1 or CM2 was measured by Western blot. NS: no statistically difference vs. CM1. (C) Schematic diagram shows the mechanism underlying Mxi1-0-mediated proliferation of HUVECs: Mxi1-0 activates ERK1/2 signaling pathway that upregulates autocrine production of IL-8, in turn, the autocrine IL-8 perpetuates further ERK1/2 activation, which forms a positive feedback loop and promotes Mxi1-0-mediated proliferation of HUVECs.</p

Mxi1-0 regulates autocrine production of IL-8 in HUVECs via EKR1/2-dependent pathway.

<p>(A) Mxi1-0 expression and MAPK activation during HUVECs proliferation. HUVECs were cultured in the absence of serum for 24 h before stimulation with 20% serum for the indicated amount of time. The lysates were fractionated and analyzed by Western blotting with the indicated antibodies. (B) Effects of Mxi1-0 knockdown on the activation of MAPK pathway. The levels of phosphorylated ERK1/2, p38 and JNK in ssiRNA or siMxi1-0-transfected cells were measured by Western blot. **P<0.01 vs. scrambled siRNA. NS: no statistically difference vs. scrambled siRNA. (C& D) The effect of MEK inhibitor U0126 on Mxi1-0 overexpression-induced IL-8 in HUVECs. Mxi1-0-overexpressed cells were pre-treated with 10 μM U0126 for 2 h. The expression of IL-8 mRNA was estimated by qRT-PCR (C), and the level of secreted IL-8 was measured by ELISA (D), respectively. **P<0.01 vs.Vector, ##P<0.01 vs. Control.</p

IL-8 is required for Mxi1-0-mediated proliferation of HUVECs.

<p>(A& B) Effect of the Mxi1-0 siRNA (siMxi1-0) on the expression of IL-8.HUVECs were transfected with siMxi1-0 or rescued with Mxi1-0 plasmid were subjected to qRT-PCR (A) and Immunofluorescence (B). Scale bar represents 100μm. *P<0.05, **P<0.01 vs. scrambled siRNA. (C) HUVECs were transfected with IL-8 siRNA (siIL-8) or scrambled siRNA (ssiRNA), and the growth of the cells at the indicated times was estimated by using CCK-8 assay. *P<0.05, **P<0.01 vs. scrambled siRNA. (D) HUVECs were incubated with CM1, CM2 or CM1/CM2 pre-treated with neutralising antibody against IL-8 (IL-8 NA). The proliferation of HUVECs was estimated by using EdU assay. Left: EdU staining of HUVECs incubated with CM, Right: the statistical analyses of left. Scale bar represents 200μm. **P<0.01 vs.CM1, ^## P<0.01 vs.Control.</p