採掘地域における活性断層

Taking some related cases as examples, the paper outlines that human mining activities have made some faults reactivated in mining area. Reactivated faults could result in surface fissure, crown hole, gas emission, coal and gas outburst etc. Some of these geological hazards could persistently occur during tens of years even after coal mines have been abandoned. The direct causative factor of fault reactivation should be surface movement in mining area. Coal extracting, ground water draining or recharging could respectively play key roles in promoting surface movement at different developing stages in mining area. A few research methods of reactivated faults have been introduced, and it is emphasized that necessary forecast and prevention of reactivated faults should be taken account into the rebuilding plans in current and abandoned coal mining areas.特集 : 「資源、新エネルギー、環境、防災研究国際セミナー

Rethinking the competition between detection and ReID in Multi-Object Tracking

Due to balanced accuracy and speed, joint learning detection and ReID-based one-shot models have drawn great attention in multi-object tracking(MOT). However, the differences between the above two tasks in the one-shot tracking paradigm are unconsciously overlooked, leading to inferior performance than the two-stage methods. In this paper, we dissect the reasoning process of the aforementioned two tasks. Our analysis reveals that the competition of them inevitably hurts the learning of task-dependent representations, which further impedes the tracking performance. To remedy this issue, we propose a novel cross-correlation network that can effectively impel the separate branches to learn task-dependent representations. Furthermore, we introduce a scale-aware attention network that learns discriminative embeddings to improve the ReID capability. We integrate the delicately designed networks into a one-shot online MOT system, dubbed CSTrack. Without bells and whistles, our model achieves new state-of-the-art performances on MOT16 and MOT17. Our code is released at https://github.com/JudasDie/SOTS

Genetic Manipulation Toolkits in Apicomplexan Parasites

Apicomplexan parasites are a group of intracellular pathogens of great medical and veterinary importance, including Toxoplasma gondii and Plasmodium , which cause toxoplasmosis and malaria, respectively. Efficient and accurate manipulation of their genomes is essential to dissect their complex biology and to design new interventions. Over the past several decades, scientists have continually optimized the methods for genetic engineering in these organisms, and tremendous progress has been made. Here, we review the genetic manipulation tools currently used in several apicomplexan parasites, and discuss their advantages and limitations. The widely used CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing technique has been adapted in several apicomplexans and shown promising efficiency. In contrast, conditional gene regulation is available in only a limited number of organisms, mainly Plasmodium and Toxoplasma , thus posing a research bottleneck for other parasites. Conditional gene regulation can be achieved with tools that regulate gene expression at the DNA, RNA or protein level. However, a universal tool to address all needs of conditional gene manipulation remains lacking. Understanding the scope of application is key to selecting the proper method for gene manipulation

Potential key targets and mechanism of the Mizuhopecten yessoensis derived ACE inhibitory peptide Asn-Cys-Trp (NCW) via network pharmacology and molecular docking

Mizuhopecten yessoensis-derived angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory peptide Asn-Cys-Trp (NCW) has been found that had a significantly in vivo antihypertensive effect. However, the special mechanism of peptide NCW for lowing blood pressure has not been fully elucidated. This study aimed to screen the key targets and elucidate the antihypertensive mechanism of based on the network pharmacology and molecular docking. A total of 70 potential antihypertensive targets of peptide NCW were identified, which were mainly enriched in Regulation of blood pressure, Positive regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation, and other biological processes; Plasma membrane, Extracellular exosome, and other cellular components; Endopeptidase activity, Zinc ion binding, and other molecular functions. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis showed that lipid and atherosclerosis pathway, relaxin signaling pathway, and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway were the key pathways for peptide NCW to regulate the potential antihypertensive targets. Eleven potential key antihypertensive targets were screened via topology analysis of protein and protein interaction network, i.e., albumin (ALB), matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP9), MMP2, insulin like growth factor 1, AKT serine/threonine kinase 1 (IGF1), ACE, nitric oxide synthase 3 (NOS3), peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPARG), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), catalase (CAT), and renin (REN). In addition, molecular docking results showed that the peptide NCW had high affinities with these potential key antihypertensive targets, and hydrogen bonds were the key interaction forces between the peptide NCW and targets. This study provided a theoretical basis for the multi-target and multi-pathway prevention and improvement of hypertension with peptide NCW

Online Map Vectorization for Autonomous Driving: A Rasterization Perspective

Vectorized high-definition (HD) map is essential for autonomous driving, providing detailed and precise environmental information for advanced perception and planning. However, current map vectorization methods often exhibit deviations, and the existing evaluation metric for map vectorization lacks sufficient sensitivity to detect these deviations. To address these limitations, we propose integrating the philosophy of rasterization into map vectorization. Specifically, we introduce a new rasterization-based evaluation metric, which has superior sensitivity and is better suited to real-world autonomous driving scenarios. Furthermore, we propose MapVR (Map Vectorization via Rasterization), a novel framework that applies differentiable rasterization to vectorized outputs and then performs precise and geometry-aware supervision on rasterized HD maps. Notably, MapVR designs tailored rasterization strategies for various geometric shapes, enabling effective adaptation to a wide range of map elements. Experiments show that incorporating rasterization into map vectorization greatly enhances performance with no extra computational cost during inference, leading to more accurate map perception and ultimately promoting safer autonomous driving.Comment: [NeurIPS 2023

Microrna Expression Profile and Differentially-Expressed Genes in Prolactinomas Following Bromocriptine Treatment

Little is known about the function of microRNAs in prolactinomas treated with bromocriptine. The aim of the study was to explore the microRNAs associated with bromocriptine-treated prolactinomas. Six prolactinoma samples were selected according to whether they received bromocriptine treatment or not before microsurgery, and microRNA expression profiles of bromocriptine-treated and untreated prolactinomas were screened by the miRCURY LNA Array. The differentially expressed microRNAs in microarrays were further validated by stem-loop real-time PCR and subjected to gene ontology analysis and KEGG pathway analysis. In addition, related genes of microRNAs were analyzed by qRT-PCR in 15 prolactinoma samples. The initial analysis by microarrays generated a list of 80 upregulated microRNAs and 71 downregulated microRNAs in treated prolactinomas compared to untreated prolactinomas. miR-206, miR-516b and miR-550 were confirmed to be significantly upregulated, while miR-671-5p was confirmed to be significantly downregulated in treated prolactinomas by qRT-PCR. microRNA-mRNA network analysis integrating GO and KEGG pathway annotation displayed some critical factors. Platelet-derived growth factor α polypeptide (PDGFA) and bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4), were verified to be differentially expressed between the two groups. PDGFA was significantly upregulated in treated prolactinomas, while BMP4 was significantly downregulated in treated prolactinomas. Our study reveals differential expression of microRNAs in prolactinoma after pharmacotherapy. Specific microRNAs may be involved in the inhibition or promotion of prolactinoma tumor growth impacted by bromocriptine pharmacotherapy. PDGFA and BMP4 may be involved in the pharmacotherapy mechanism of prolactinoma

Surface charge accumulation characteristics on DC GIL three-post insulators considering the influence of temperature gradient

Surface charge accumulation is considered to be a critical factor in flashover failure of three-post insulators. However, surface charge accumulation characteristics on three-post insulators with complex structures and uneven electric fields are still unclear. Furthermore, the temperature gradient field makes charge accumulation more complicated. In this presentation, surface charge profiles of DC three-post insulators under electro-thermal coupling stress are studied by establishing a multi-degree-of-freedom movement measurement system. The abdominal area of the three-post insulator accumulaftes charges of identical polarity as the DC voltage, while the leg area accumulates heteropolar charges. Charge density from the bottom of the leg to the center of the abdomen presents a trimodal distribution pattern, including two homopolar charge peaks and one heteropolar charge peak. Asymmetrical surface conductance distribution arising from the temperature gradient leads to a significant increase in amplitude and distribution range of the homopolar charge peak at the legs of insulator. Increase of the temperature gradient will further magnify the homopolar charge peak at the legs. When DC voltage is 100 kV and conductive pole temperature is 70°C, surface charge density of the three-post insulator can reach 100 μC/m 2 . Therefore, surface conductance regulation of the leg region is the key to charge regulation and insulation optimization design of DC three-post insulators