3,266 research outputs found
Multiparty Quantum Secret Sharing Based on Entanglement Swapping
A multiparty quantum secret sharing (QSS) protocol is proposed by using
swapping quantum entanglement of Bell states. The secret messages are imposed
on Bell states by local unitary operations. The secret messages are split into
several parts and each part is distributed to a party so that no action of a
subset of all the parties but their entire cooperation is able to read out the
secret messages. In addition, the dense coding is used in this protocol to
achieve a high efficiency. The security of the present multiparty QSS against
eavesdropping has been analyzed and confirmed even in a noisy quantum channel.Comment: 5 page
Imaging and manipulation of nanometer-size liquid droplets by scanning polarization force microscopy
Using atomic force microscopy in noncontact mode, we have imaged nanometer-size liquid droplets of KOH water solutions on the surfaces of highly oriented pyrolitic graphite and mica. On graphite the droplets prefer to be adsorbed on atomic step edges. Droplets on the same step tend to be evenly spaced and of similar size. The droplets can be manipulated by the atomic force microscopy tip allowing the controllable formation of droplet patterns on the surface
Spin chirality fluctuation in two-dimensional ferromagnets with perpendicular anisotropy
Non-coplanar spin textures with scalar spin chirality can generate effective
magnetic field that deflects the motion of charge carriers, resulting in
topological Hall effect (THE), a powerful probe of the ground state and
low-energy excitations of correlated systems. However, spin chirality
fluctuation in two-dimensional ferromagnets with perpendicular anisotropy has
not been considered in prior studies. Herein, we report direct evidence of
universal spin chirality fluctuation by probing the THE above the transition
temperatures in two different ferromagnetic ultra-thin films, SrRuO and V
doped SbTe. The temperature, magnetic field, thickness, and carrier
type dependences of the THE signal, along with our Monte-Carlo simulations,
unambiguously demonstrate that the spin chirality fluctuation is a universal
phenomenon in two-dimensional Ising ferromagnets. Our discovery opens a new
paradigm of exploring the spin chirality with topological Hall transport in
two-dimensional magnets and beyondComment: accepted by nature material
decays in the pQCD approach
We calculate the CP averaged branching ratios and CP-violating asymmetries
for and
decays in the perturbative QCD (pQCD) approach here. The pQCD predictions for
the CP-averaged branching ratios are Br(B_s^0 \to \eta \eta) = \left
(14.2^{+18.0}_{-7.5}) \times 10^{-6}, Br(B_s^0 \to \eta \eta^\prime)= \left
(12.4 ^{+18.2}_{-7.0}) \times 10^{-6}, and Br(B_s^0 \to \eta^{\prime}
\eta^{\prime}) = \left (9.2^{+15.3}_{-4.9}) \times 10^{-6}, which agree well
with those obtained by employing the QCD factorization approach and also be
consistent with available experimental upper limits. The gluonic contributions
are small in size: less than 7% for and
decays, and around 18% for decay. The CP-violating
asymmetries for three decays are very small: less than 3% in magnitude.Comment: 11 pages, 1 ps figure, Revte
Technique of quantum state transfer for a double Lambda atomic beam
The transfer technique of quantum states from light to collective atomic
excitations in a double type system is extended to matter waves in
this paper, as a novel scheme towards making a continuous atom laser. The
intensity of the output matter waves is found to be determined by the initial
relative phase of the two independent coherent probe lights, which may indicate
an interesting method for the measurement of initial relative phase of two
independent light sources.Comment: 5 pages, 2 figure
Breit-Wigner Enhancement Considering the Dark Matter Kinetic Decoupling
In the paper we study the Breit-Wigner enhancement of dark matter (DM)
annihilation considering the kinetic decoupling in the evolution of DM
freeze-out at the early universe. Since the DM temperature decreases much
faster (as ) after kinetic decoupling than that in kinetic equilibrium
(as 1/R) we find the Breit-Wigner enhancement of DM annihilation rate after the
kinetic decoupling will affect the DM relic density significantly. Focusing on
the model parameters that trying to explain the anomalous cosmic
positron/electron excesses observed by PAMELA/Fermi/ATIC we find the elastic
scattering is not efficient to keep dark matter in kinetic
equilibrium, and the kinetic decoupling temperature is comparable to
the chemical decoupling temperature . The reduction of the
relic density after is significant and leads to a limited enhancement
factor . Therefore it is difficult to explain the anomalous
positron/electron excesses in cosmic rays by DM annihilation and give the
correct DM relic density simultaneously in the minimal Breit-Wigner enhancement
model
All-Atomic Molecular Dynamic Studies of Human and Drosophila CDK8: Insights into Their Kinase Domains, the LXXLL Motifs, and Drug Binding Site
Cyclin-dependent kinase 8 (CDK8) and its regulatory partner Cyclin C (CycC) play conserved roles in modulating RNA polymerase II (Pol II)-dependent gene expression. To understand the structure and function relations of CDK8, we analyzed the structures of human and Drosophila CDK8 proteins using molecular dynamics simulations, combined with functional analyses in Drosophila. Specifically, we evaluated the structural differences between hCDK8 and dCDK8 to predict the effects of the LXXLL motif mutation (AQKAA), the P154L mutations, and drug binding on local structures of the CDK8 proteins. First, we have observed that both the LXXLL motif and the kinase activity of CDK8 are required for the normal larval-to-pupal transition in Drosophila. Second, our molecular dynamic analyses have revealed that hCDK8 has higher hydrogen bond occupation of His149-Asp151 and Asp151-Asn156 than dCDK8. Third, the substructure of Asp282, Phe283, Arg285, Thr287 and Cys291 can distinguish human and Drosophila CDK8 structures. In addition, there are two hydrogen bonds in the LXXLL motif: a lower occupation between L312 and L315, and a relatively higher occupation between L312 and L316. Human CDK8 has higher hydrogen bond occupation between L312 and L316 than dCDK8. Moreover, L312, L315 and L316 in the LXXLL motif of CDK8 have the specific pattern of hydrogen bonds and geometries, which could be crucial for the binding to nuclear receptors. Furthermore, the P154L mutation dramatically decreases the hydrogen bond between L312 and L315 in hCDK8, but not in dCDK8. The mutations of P154L and AQKAA modestly alter the local structures around residues 154. Finally, we identified the inhibitor-induced conformational changes of hCDK8, and our results suggest a structural difference in the drug-binding site between hCDK8 and dCDK8. Taken together, these results provide the structural insights into the roles of the LXXLL motif and the kinase activity of CDK8 in vivo
The single t-quark productions via the flavor-changing processes in the topcolor-assisted technicolor model at the hadron colliders
In the framework of topcolor-assisted technicolor(TC2) model, there exist
tree-level flavor-changing (FC) couplings which can result in the loop-level FC
coupling . Such coupling can contribute significant clues at the
forthcoming Large Hadron Collider (LHC) experiments. In this paper, based on
the TC2 model, we study some single t-quark production processes involving
coupling at the Tevatron and LHC: .
We calculate the cross sections of these processes. The results show that the
cross sections at the Tevatron are too small to observe the signal, but at the
LHC it can reach a few pb. With the high luminosity, the LHC has considerable
capability to find the single t-quark signal produced via some FC processes
involving coupling . On the other hand, these processes can also provide
some valuable information of the coupling with detailed study of the
processes and furthermore provide the reliable evidence to test the TC2 model.Comment: 15 pages, 10 figure
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