On the nature of the lightest scalar resonances

We briefly review the recent progresses in the new unitarization approach being developed by us. Especially we discuss the large $N_c$ $\pi\pi$ scatterings by making use of the partial wave $S$ matrix parametrization form. We find that the $\sigma$ pole may move to the negative real axis on the second sheet of the complex $s$ plane, therefore it raises the interesting question that this `$\sigma$' pole may be related to the $\sigma$ in the linear $\sigma$ model.Comment: Talk presented by Zheng at ``Quark Confinement and Hadron Spectroscopy VI'', 21--25 Sept. 2004, Cagliari, Italy. 3 pages with 2 figure

Fuck revisited.

This paper is a follow up to the investigation of McEnery, Baker and Hardie (2000) into the use of the word fuck in spoken British English. Both that paper and this are based on the British National Corpus. However, at the time of writing in 2000, the analysis of fuck in the written BNC had not been completed, hence the 2000 paper focussed on spoken English alone. In doing so, it explored the way fuck varied with respect to a range of meta-data encoded in the spoken BNC, principally age, sex and social class. We have now explored the written section of the BNC, and have explored the distribution of fuck with respect to a subset of the metadata encoded in the written BNC, namely domain, author gender, author age, audience gender, audience age, audience level, reception status, medium of text and date of creation. As some of these features have clear analogues in the spoken BNC (most clearly age and sex) comparisons between the work presented here and the earlier work on spoken English will be presented wherever possible. Throughout, unless otherwise stated, references to the frequency of usage of features in spoken language are taken from McEnery, Baker and Hardie (ibid)

Linear complementarity problems on extended second order cones

In this paper, we study the linear complementarity problems on extended second order cones. We convert a linear complementarity problem on an extended second order cone into a mixed complementarity problem on the non-negative orthant. We state necessary and sufficient conditions for a point to be a solution of the converted problem. We also present solution strategies for this problem, such as the Newton method and Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm. Finally, we present some numerical examples

The effect of piston bowl temperature on diesel exhaust emissions

In modern, high-speed, direct injection diesel engines for passenger vehicles, there is extensive impingement of the fuel sprays on to the piston bowl walls. Recent trends towards smaller engine sizes, equipped with high-pressure common-rail fuel injection systems, have tended to increase the spray/piston wall interaction. This paper describes tests carried out in a high-speed direct injection automotive diesel engine, during which the temperature of the piston was increased in a controlled manner between 189 and 227 degrees C while being continuously monitored. The aim of the work was to quantify the effects of piston temperature on pollutant exhaust emissions. The results show a significant reduction in unburned hydrocarbon emission, a significant increase in smoke emission, and no significant change in the emission of oxides of nitrogen. The increase in smoke emission cannot be ascribed to changes in the engine volumetric efficiency or air-fuel ratio. The paper demonstrates that fuel spray deposition on the piston surface was in the form of a thin film that did not experience bulk boiling. A number of suggestions are put forward to help explain the observed changes in exhaust emissions with increasing piston temperature

Domains, text types, aspect marking and English-Chinese translation.

This paper uses an English-Chinese parallel corpus, an L1 Chinese comparable corpus, and an L1 Chinese reference corpus to examine how aspectual meanings in English are translated into Chinese and explore the effects of domains, text types and translation on aspect marking. We will show that while English and Chinese both mark aspect grammatically, the aspect system in the two languages differs considerably. Even though Chinese, as an aspect language, is rich in aspect markers, covert marking (LVM) is a frequent and important strategy in Chinese discourse. The distribution of aspect markers varies significantly across domain and text type. The study also sheds new light on the translation effect by contrasting aspect marking in translated Chinese texts and L1 Chinese texts

Factorization and Unitarity in Superstring Theory

The overall coefficient of the two-loop 4-particle amplitude in superstring theory is determined by making use of the factorization and unitarity. To accomplish this we computed in detail all the relevant tree and one-loop amplitudes involved and determined their overall coefficients in a consistent way.Comment: LaTex file, 19 pages, 4 figures; v2, minor corrections and figures corrected; v3, minor corrections with the English, to be published in JHE