On the non-equivalence of Lorenz System and Chen System

In this paper, we prove that the Chen system with a set of chaotic parameters is not smoothly equivalent to the Lorenz system with any parameters

Self-assembly of polypeptide/pi-conjugated polymer/polypeptide triblock copolymers in rod-rod-rod and coll-rod-coil conformations

Self-assembly in the bulk of a series of hybrid triblock copolymers formed by a poly(9,9-dihexylfluorene-2,7-diyl) (PHF) middle block and two poly(gamma-benzyl-L-glutamate) (PBLG) end blocks has been studied. Since the alpha-helical secondary structure of the PBLG block may be either maintained or suppressed depending on the solvent casting history, the PBLG-PHF-PBLG copolymers exhibit two different conformations: a rod-rod-rod or coil-rod-coil configuration, respectively. In order to provide insight into the influence of conformation on self-aggregation of these systems, three copolymers with different block ratio were investigated in both conformations using small- and wide-angle scattering techniques and transmission electron microscopy. Time-resolved photoluminescence measurements were performed on the same samples to explore the effect of morphology on photophysical properties. The observed photoluminescence spectra and dominant excited lifetimes of the poly(9,9-dihexylfluorene-2,7-diyl) block were found to differ markedly in rod-rod-rod and coil-rodcoil configurations and were correlated to the morphology of the self-assembled triblock copolymers

The contribution of genetic risk and lifestyle factors in the development of adult-onset inflammatory bowel disease: a prospective cohort study

INTRODUCTION: The joint associations across genetic risk, modifiable lifestyle factors, and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) remains unclear. METHODS: Genetic susceptibility to Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) was estimated by polygenic risk scores and further categorized into high, intermediate, and low genetic risk categories. Weighted healthy lifestyle scores were constructed based on 5 common lifestyle factors and categorized into favorable (4 or 5 healthy lifestyle factors), intermediate (3 healthy lifestyle factors), and unfavorable (0-2 healthy lifestyle factors) groups. Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to estimate the hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for their associations. RESULTS: During the 12-year follow-up, 707 cases with CD and 1576 cases with UC were diagnosed in the UK Biobank cohort. Genetic risk and unhealthy lifestyle categories were monotonically associated with CD and UC risk with no multiplicative interaction between them. The HR of CD and UC were 2.24 (95% CI 1.75-2.86) and 2.15 (95% CI 1.82-2.53) for those with a high genetic risk, respectively. The HR of CD and UC for individuals with an unfavorable lifestyle were 1.94 (95% CI 1.61-2.33) and 1.98 (95% CI 1.73-2.27), respectively. The HR of individuals with a high genetic risk but a favorable lifestyle (2.33, 95% CI 1.58-3.44 for CD, and 2.05, 95% CI 1.58-2.66 for UC) were reduced nearly by half, compared with those with a high genetic risk but an unfavorable lifestyle (4.40, 95% CI 2.91-6.66 for CD and 4.44, 95% CI 3.34-5.91 for UC). DISCUSSION: Genetic and lifestyle factors were independently associated with susceptibility to incident CD and UC. Adherence to a favorable lifestyle was associated with a nearly 50% lower risk of CD and UC among participants at a high genetic risk

Preparation of Polyaniline Multi-wall Carbon Nanotubes Nanocomposites Films/Discs and Characterization of their Electrical, Mechanical and Damping Properties

Abstract： The purpose of this research was to create a sensor-actuator that could sense strain and also act similar to constrained viscoelastic material without corresponding weight addition. Frit compression method was first used to make controlled thickness of polyaniline/multi-wall carbon nanotube (PANI/MWCNT) nanocomposite films/discs. MWCNT was found to enhance both the electrical conductivity and the thermal stability properties of the nanocomposite films, and the PANI increased the Young's modulus and hardness of the films/discs as evidenced by the nanoindentation test. Simultaneous DSC-TGA measurements showed that the PANI/22%MWCNT nanocomposites improved their thermal stability by about 50 °C compared with their pure components. Cantilever beam free vibration tests were adopted to characterize the sample damping properties. It was found that location of the sample vis-à-vis the location of the cantilever beam's fixed support played a very important part in the damping ratio, as expected. Preliminary tests showed that the damping ratio of PANI/11%MWCNT was 0.00656 when the aluminum beam was clamped to the free, uncovered end. However, the damping ratio nearly tripled when the beam was clamped at the PANI/MWCNT covered end. By covering both sides of aluminum beam with the sample, the damping ratio reached a value of 0.072, which is 18.85 times higher than for the single sided coverage

Preparation of Polyaniline Multi-wall Carbon Nanotubes Nanocomposites Films/Discs and Characterization of their Electrical, Mechanical and Damping Properties

The purpose of this research was to create a sensor-actuator that could sense strain and also act similar to constrained viscoelastic material without corresponding weight addition. Frit compression method was first used to make controlled thickness of polyaniline/multi-wall carbon nanotube (PANI/MWCNT) nanocomposite films/discs. MWCNT was found to enhance both the electrical conductivity and the thermal stability properties of the nanocomposite films, and the PANI increased the Young’s modulus and hardness of the films/discs as evidenced by the nanoindentation test. Simultaneous DSC-TGA measurements showed that the PANI/22%MWCNT nanocomposites improved their thermal stability by about 50 °C compared with their pure components. Cantilever beam free vibration tests were adopted to characterize the sample damping properties. It was found that location of the sample vis-á-vis the location of the cantilever beam’s fixed support played a very important part in the damping ratio, as expected. Preliminary tests showed that the damping ratio of PANI/11%MWCNT was 0.00656 when the aluminum beam was clamped to the free, uncovered end. However, the damping ratio nearly tripled when the beam was clamped at the PANI/MWCNT covered end. By covering both sides of aluminum beam with the sample, the damping ratio reached a value of 0.072, which is 18.85 times higher than for the single sided coverage