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Modelling local amenities with online open-source data in a new spatial equilibrium model: Insights from applications for Beijing
This paper presents a new, general purpose method for modelling local
amenities in a city-level spatial equilibrium model with emerging data
sources. A log-form utility function is introduced to differentiate local
amenities from other hard-to-observe influences of locational choice for
residential and job location. In particular, we use the online open data of
schools and hospitals in Beijing to improve model parameterization and
calibration at high spatial resolution. The new local amenities element can improve the model’s fidelity on residence location choice by over 30%,
which is a step forward in decomposing the zonal attractiveness in spatial
equilibrium models. Moreover the local amenities component provides a
new interface for the spatial equilibrium models, where quantification of
the combined effects of urban land-use and local amenities policies can be simulated on a more consistent basis. The calibrated model of Beijing
shows that the coordination of local amenities provision has significant
impacts on the performance of urban spatial strategies. Uncoordinated local amenities provision may undermine or even overturn the long-term
plans for building a polycentric city region
Cooperative Power Scheduling for a Network of MIMO Links
A cooperative power scheduling algorithm developed by Wang, Krunz and Cui is extended for an ad hocnetwork of MIMO links. This algorithm, referred to as pricebased iterative water filling (PIWF) algorithm, is a distributed algorithm by which each link computes its power scheduling through an iterative and cooperative process. The cooperation among all links is achieved by adaptive price factors appliedby each link. Compared to a centralized power scheduling algorithm, the PIWF algorithm is much more efficient in computation although not as efficient in network throughput. Compared to a non-cooperative counter-part by Demirkol and Ingram where all price factors are zero, the PIWF algorithm requires additional in-network computation but is more efficient in network throughput
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Structure-Induced Reversible Anionic Redox Activity in Na Layered Oxide Cathode
Anionic redox reaction (ARR) in lithium- and sodium-ion batteries is under hot discussion, mainly regarding how oxygen anion participates and to what extent oxygen can be reversibly oxidized and reduced. Here, a P3-type Na0.6[Li0.2Mn0.8]O2 with reversible capacity from pure ARR was studied. The interlayer O-O distance (peroxo-like O-O dimer, 2.506(3) Ã…), associated with oxidization of oxygen anions, was directly detected by using a neutron total scattering technique. Different from Li2RuO3 or Li2IrO3 with strong metal-oxygen (M-O) bonding, for P3-type Na0.6[Li0.2Mn0.8]O2 with relatively weak Mn-O covalent bonding, crystal structure factors might play an even more important role in stabilizing the oxidized species, as both Li and Mn ions are immobile in the structure and thus may inhibit the irreversible transformation of the oxidized species to O2 gas. Utilization of anionic redox reaction (ARR) on oxygen has been considered as an effective way to promote the charge-discharge capacity of the layered oxide cathodes for lithium- or sodium-ion batteries. The detailed mechanism of ARR, in particular how crystal structure affects and coordinates with the ARR, is not yet well understood. In the present work, a combination of X-ray and neutron total scattering measurements has been performed to study the structure of the prototype P3-type layered Na0.6[Li0.2Mn0.8]O2 with pure ARR. Unique structural characteristics, rather than prevailing knowledge of covalency of metal-oxygen, enable the stabilization of the crystal structure of Na0.6[Li0.2Mn0.8]O2 along with the ARR. This work suggests that reversible ARR can be manipulated by proper structure designs, thus to achieve high lithium or sodium storage in layered oxide cathodes. For P3-type Na0.6[Li0.2Mn0.8]O2 with relatively weak Mn-O covalent bonding, crystal structure factors play an important role in stabilizing the oxidized species, inhibiting the irreversible transformation of the oxidized species to O2 gas. The finding is important for better design of layered oxide positive materials with higher reversible capacity via the introduction of a reversible anionic redox reaction
Joint Source and Relay Optimization for Parallel MIMO Relay Networks
In this article, we study the optimal structure of the source precoding matrix and the relay amplifying matrices for multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) relay communication systems with parallel relay nodes. Two types of receivers are considered at the destination node: (1) The linear minimal mean-squared error (MMSE) receiver; (2) The nonlinear decision feedback equalizer based on the minimal MSE criterion. We show that for both receiver schemes, the optimal source precoding matrix and the optimal relay amplifying matrices have a beamforming structure. Using such optimal structure, joint source and relay power loading algorithms are developed to minimize the MSE of the signal waveform estimation at the destination. Compared with existing algorithms for parallel MIMO relay networks, the proposed joint source and relay beamforming algorithms have significant improvement in the system bit-error-rate performance
Optimal resource allocation method and fault-tolerant control for redundant robots
Resource coordination and allocation strategies are proposed to reduce the
probability of failure by aiming at the problem that the robot cannot
continue to work after joint failure. Firstly, the principal component
analysis method under unsupervised branches in machine learning is used to
analyze the reliability function and various indexes of the robot to obtain
the comprehensive evaluation function. Then, based on the fault-tolerant-control inverse-kinematics optimal algorithm, each joint can be scheduled by
weighted processing. Finally, the comprehensive evaluation function is used
as an index to evaluate the probability of fault occurrence, and the weight
is defined to realize the coordinated resource allocation of redundant
robots. Taking the planar four revolute joints (4R) redundant robot as an example, the algorithm
control is compared. Based on reasonable modeling and physical verification,
the results show that the method of optimal resource coordination and
allocation is effective.</p
Non-Abelian Medium Effects in Quark-Gluon Plasma
Based on the kinetic theory, the non-Abelian medium property of hot
Quark-Gluon Plasma is investigated. The nonlinearity of the plasma comes from
two aspects: The nonlinear wave-wave interaction and self-interaction of color
field. The non-Abelian color permittivity is obtained by expanding the kinetic
equations to third order. As an application, the nonlinear Landau damping rate
and the nonlinear eigenfrequency shift are calculated in the longwave length
limit.Comment: 12 pages(Revtex), no figure
Optimal Source and Relay Design for Multiuser MIMO AF Relay Communication Systems with Direct Links and Imperfect Channel Information
In this paper, we propose statistically robust design for multiuser multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) relay systems with direct source-destination links and imperfect channel state information (CSI). The minimum mean-squared error (MMSE) of the signal waveform estimation at the destination node is adopted as the design criterion. We develop two iterative methods to solve the nonconvex joint source, relay, and receiver optimization problem. Simulation results demonstrate the improved robustness of the proposed algorithms against CSI errors
Joint source and relay design for MIMO multi-relay systems using projected gradient approach
In this paper, we develop the optimal source precoding matrix and relay amplifying matrices for non-regenerative multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) relay communication systems with parallel relay nodes using the projected gradient (PG) approach. We show that the optimal relay amplifying matrices have a beamforming structure. Exploiting the structure of relay matrices, an iterative joint source and relay matrices optimization algorithm is developed to minimize the mean-squared error (MSE) of the signal waveform estimation at the destination using the PG approach. The performance of the proposed algorithm is demonstrated through numerical simulations
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