Winter mortality, development and reproduction in a field population of Myzus persicae (Sulzer) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) in England

RESP-913

Near-Optimal Distributed Approximation of Minimum-Weight Connected Dominating Set

This paper presents a near-optimal distributed approximation algorithm for the minimum-weight connected dominating set (MCDS) problem. The presented algorithm finds an $O(\log n)$ approximation in $\tilde{O}(D+\sqrt{n})$ rounds, where $D$ is the network diameter and $n$ is the number of nodes. MCDS is a classical NP-hard problem and the achieved approximation factor $O(\log n)$ is known to be optimal up to a constant factor, unless P=NP. Furthermore, the $\tilde{O}(D+\sqrt{n})$ round complexity is known to be optimal modulo logarithmic factors (for any approximation), following [Das Sarma et al.---STOC'11].Comment: An extended abstract version of this result appears in the proceedings of 41st International Colloquium on Automata, Languages, and Programming (ICALP 2014

Acoustic Logging In Randomly Stratified Formations

The propagation of borehole acoustic waves in the presence of various types of heterogeneous formations is investigated by modeling them as stratified media with varying velocity-depth distributions. Two types of formations are modeled, using translational and cyclic random models, respectively. Borehole acoustic wavefields for the heterogeneity formation models are simulated using finite-difference techniques. The wavefield modeling results show that the borehole acoustic waves can be significantly affected by the formation heterogeneities. Specifically, the scattering due to heterogeneity can cause significant amplitude attenuation and travel time delay for the transmitted waves. The borehole guided waves are also sensitive to the formation heterogeneity. The effects of the random formation heterogeneity on the borehole acoustic waves are controlled by two factors: the degree of heterogeneity variation and the heterogeneity scale length relative to the wavelength.Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Borehole Acoustics and Logging Consortiu

First-principles study of vibrational and dielectric properties of {\beta}-Si3N4

First-principles calculations have been conducted to study the structural, vibrational and dielectric properties of {\beta}-Si3N4. Calculations of the zone-center optical-mode frequencies (including LO-TO splittings), Born effective charge tensors for each atom, dielectric constants, using density functional perturbation theory, are reported. The fully relaxed structural parameters are found to be in good agreement with experimental data. All optic modes are identified and agreement of theory with experiment is excellent. The static dielectric tensor is decomposed into contributions arising from individual infrared-active phonon modes. It is found that high-frequency modes mainly contribute to the lattice dielectric constant.Comment: 15pages, 1 figure, 5 table

Cluster-based informed agents selection for flocking with a virtual leader

2014-2015 > Academic research: refereed > Refereed conference paperAccepted ManuscriptPublishe

A Large Effective Phonon Magnetic Moment in a Dirac Semimetal

We investigated the magnetoterahertz response of the Dirac semimetal Cd$_3$As$_2$ and observed a particularly low frequency optical phonon, as well as a very prominent and field sensitive cyclotron resonance. As the cyclotron frequency is tuned with field to pass through the phonon, the phonon become circularly polarized as shown by a notable splitting in their response to right- and left-hand polarized light. This splitting can be expressed as an effective phonon magnetic moment that is approximately 2.7 times the Bohr magneton, which is almost four orders of magnitude larger than ab initio calculations predict for phonon magnetic moments in nonmagnetic insulators. This exceedingly large value is due to the coupling of the phonons to the cyclotron motion and is controlled directly by the electron-phonon coupling constant. This field tunable circular-polarization selective coupling provides new functionality for nonlinear optics to create light-induced topological phases in Dirac semimetals.Comment: 15 pages for main text and SI; To appear in Nano Letters (2020