The Development of the Itinerant Ministries in the Lutheran Church--Missouri Synod 1847-1865

This study is concerned with the effect the pressure to meet this need had on the traditional forms of ministry prevalent among Lutherans and the doctrinal ramifications and implications of forms adopted to meet these needs. In a general way, the problem of the itinerant ministries employed by the Missouri Synod may be expressed as a tension between stability on the one hand and mobility, or perhaps flexibility and adaptability, on the other. The stability was the traditional doctrine and church practice the German Lutheran immigrants had inherited and brought with them from the old country. The mobility was that required ·to adapt or accommodate the traditional forms to the new environment and a new set of circumstances. On the side of stability there was the centuries old tradition incorporated in the German Kirchenordnungen and what was understood by the German Parochialwesen. On the side. of mobility was the widely scattered distribution of Lutheran immigrants across the frontier and not enough men nor the means to locate them and gather them into parishes of convenient and practical sizes. Again on the side of stability was the traditional concept of the ministry, which, especially for the Missouri Synod, stressed the derivation of the functions and authority of the office of the ministry from the congregation or the priesthood of all believers. On the side of flexibility was the need for a form of ministry which could reach and minister to groups where a congregation did not yet exist and could hardly be maintained. Further on the side of stability was the stress placed, particularly in the Missouri Synod, on what has been called congregational sovereignty or autonomy. On the side of adaptability in this particular issue was the limited effectiveness of a single local congregation to reach thousands of scattered people far beyond its boundaries and thus the need for a collective organization to carry on such work

Estudi del potencial de generació distribuïda en els sectors industrial i domèstic de la ciutat de Rubí

Davant del problema de l’esgotament dels recursos fòssils, l’ajuntament de Rubí desenvolupa un projecte estratègic anomenat Rubí Brilla, que treballa per millorar l’eficiència energètica i impulsar l’ús d’energies renovables en tots els sectors de la ciutat. En aquest projecte s’estudiarà quin és el potencial de generació distribuïda, mitjançant energia solar fotovoltaica, per als diferents polígons d’activitat econòmica i pel sector domèstic de Rubí

Forelimb kinematics and motor patterns of swimming loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta): are motor patterns conserved in the evolution of new locomotor strategies?

Novel functions in animals may evolve through changes in morphology, muscle activity or a combination of both. The idea that new functions or behavior can arise solely through changes in structure, without concurrent changes in the patterns of muscle activity that control movement of those structures, has been formalized as the neuromotor conservation hypothesis. In vertebrate locomotor systems, evidence for neuromotor conservation is found across evolutionary transitions in the behavior of terrestrial species, and in evolutionary transitions from terrestrial species to flying species. However, evolutionary transitions in the locomotion of aquatic species have received little comparable study to determine whether changes in morphology and muscle function were coordinated through the evolution of new locomotor behavior. To evaluate the potential for neuromotor conservation in an ancient aquatic system, we quantified forelimb kinematics and muscle activity during swimming in the loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta. Loggerhead forelimbs are hypertrophied into wing-like flippers that produce thrust via dorsoventral forelimb flapping. We compared kinematic and motor patterns from loggerheads with previous data from the red-eared slider, Trachemys scripta, a generalized freshwater species exhibiting unspecialized forelimb morphology and anteroposterior rowing motions during swimming. For some forelimb muscles, comparisons between C. caretta and T. scripta support neuromotor conservation; for example, the coracobrachialis and the latissimus dorsi show similar activation patterns. However, other muscles (deltoideus, pectoralis and triceps) do not show neuromotor conservation; for example, the deltoideus changes dramatically from a limb protractor/elevator in sliders to a joint stabilizer in loggerheads. Thus, during the evolution of flapping in sea turtles, drastic restructuring of the forelimb was accompanied by both conservation and evolutionary novelty in limb motor patterns

Community Leaders and Church Life: An Exploration of Religious Participation Among Community Leaders in a Small Oklahoma City

This study is concerned with the religious attitudes and patterns of behavior of twenty community leaders in a small Oklahoma city, called here Smallton. The study explores the religious opinions and activities of these leaders and then suggests some possible theoretical implications.Sociolog

Norm asymptotics of orthogonal polynomials for general measures

Let μ be a fixed positive unit Borel measure with infinite support in the unit disk. A carrier of μ is any Borel subset B of the support for which μ(B) =1, and another such measure v is carrier-related to μ when it has the same carriers as μ . Let p n (z, v) be the monic orthogonal polynomial of degree n for v . We describe the possible asymptotics for the sequences {(∫| p n ( z,v )| 2 dv )1/2 n } n ≥1 which are associated to the set of measures carrier-related to μ.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/41342/1/365_2005_Article_BF02075453.pd

Nest-to-Surf Mortality of Loggerhead Sea Turtle (Caretta caretta) Hatchlings on Florida’s East Coast

Sea turtles are vulnerable immediately after emerging from nests and before they reach the surf. Mortality rates during this brief period are largely unknown. Many sea turtle monitoring programs measure hatchling production from nest inventories. These inventories rarely account for post-emergence mortality, leaving an unknown bias in hatchling production estimates. This study addresses the nest-to-surf data gap for Florida’s east coast nesting assemblages of loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta). Five locations were surveyed during the 2016-nesting season. Across all beaches, 7.6% of the observed hatchlings did not survive to reach the water. Mortality sources varied by location. Observed predators include: mammals, birds, and crabs. Hatchling disorientation and misorientation due to photopollution occurred more frequently in urban areas than natural areas. Factors identified as important in hatchling mortality included numbers of hatchlings emerging, nest-to-surf distance, and level of urbanization. The results of this study may help sea turtle nesting managers address nest-to-surf mortality and improve hatchling production estimates

Sea turtles in Florida's Atlantic waters

Management of marine turtles presents various challenges due to their highly migratory nature, which includes major ontogenetic habitat shifts, seasonal movements between feeding grounds, and migrations to and from breeding grounds. Further, sea turtle spatial distributions often differ in species-specific ways during similar temporal periods. Various approaches combine to give valuable insights into spatial and temporal distributions of sea turtles and provide critical knowledge for understanding and protecting these imperiled species. Here we summarize and synthesize available data that document sea turtle occurrences in waters from the Florida Straits (lat. 24°28´N) north to the latitude of Jacksonville, Fla. (lat. 30°20´ N), including waters up to 150 km offshore, termed Florida’s Atlantic waters for this review. We summarize 951 satellite tracked sea turtles, 288 of which crossed into Florida’s Atlantic waters. All species of sea turtles inhabiting the Atlantic Ocean were found to use Florida Atlantic waters. Sea turtles use Florida’s Atlantic waters year-round, yet distributions of individual species vary seasonally. We provide a current synthesis describing the spatial and temporal distributions of the five sea turtles species using Florida’s Atlantic waters and suggest areas where further study may be warranted

Closing critical gaps to enable a circular plastics economy

Global Petrochemicals, a leading manufacturer of basic chemicals and high-performance polymers, would like to satisfy consumer demands to reduce plastic waste via optimized engineering process designs and societal innovations. In order to fulfill their commitment of producing 10% of their plastics from recovered plastic waste, Global Petrochemical must design and invest in new process technology for Pyoil purification and plastic waste recycling facilities in Bali, Indonesia. To fulfil the outlined goals of Global Petrochemicals, a preliminary design of a Pyoil purification system was created to purify oil from pyrolyzed plastic waste. Fractionated products from the pyrolyzed oil were designed to meet specification requirements and be transported to an ethylene plant in Southeast Asia. Process safety and economic performance were considered when creating and optimizing the preliminary design. In addition to the preliminary design of a Pyoil Purification Unit, strategies for improving the efficiency and effectiveness of a manual sorting and collection facility in Bali, Indonesia were included in final process economics