19 research outputs found
Urticaria and infections
Urticaria is a group of diseases that share a distinct skin reaction pattern. Triggering of urticaria by infections has been discussed for many years but the exact role and pathogenesis of mast cell activation by infectious processes is unclear. In spontaneous acute urticaria there is no doubt for a causal relationship to infections and all chronic urticaria must have started as acute. Whereas in physical or distinct urticaria subtypes the evidence for infections is sparse, remission of annoying spontaneous chronic urticaria has been reported after successful treatment of persistent infections. Current summarizing available studies that evaluated the course of the chronic urticaria after proven Helicobacter eradication demonstrate a statistically significant benefit compared to untreated patients or Helicobacter-negative controls without urticaria (p < 0.001). Since infections can be easily treated some diagnostic procedures should be included in the routine work-up, especially the search for Helicobacter pylori. This review will update the reader regarding the role of infections in different urticaria subtypes
Promoting the market and system integration of renewable energies through premium schemes—A case study of the German market premium
Die Atmosphäre als globales Umweltgut | Rechtsfragen ihrer Bewirtschaftung im Wechselspiel von Völker-, Gemeinschafts- und nationalem Recht
Der Klima- und Atmosphärenschutz ist die zentrale umweltpolitische Herausforderung der nächsten Jahre. Guido Wustlich nimmt die atmosphärischen Umweltbelastungen, d. h. den Treibhauseffekt und den Ozonschichtabbau, zum Anlass zu untersuchen, inwieweit die Atmosphäre Einzug in das Umweltrecht gehalten hat.Untersuchungsgegenstand ist der Normenbestand, der im internationalen, europäischen und nationalen Recht zum Schutz der Atmosphäre bereits erlassen worden ist. Im Vordergrund stehen die völkerrechtlichen Verträge (Wiener Übereinkommen, Montrealer Protokoll, Klimarahmenkonvention, Kyoto-Protokoll). Ziel ist es, den Normenbestand rechtssystematisch zu erfassen, zu strukturieren und in das Umweltrecht einzuordnen. Dabei weist der Autor nach, dass das Atmosphärenschutzrecht mittlerweile ein eigenständiges Teilgebiet des Umweltrechts darstellt. Dieses Ergebnis wird anhand der Systemprägung des Atmosphärenschutzrechts nachgezeichnet, insbesondere anhand der Terminologie (Abgrenzung der Rechtsbegriffe Atmosphäre, Luft, Klima) und des spezifischen, bewirtschaftungsrechtlichen Steuerungsansatzes. Wustlich stellt die Grund- und Statusprinzipien sowie die einzelnen Politiken und Maßnahmen mit ihrer jeweiligen Zuordnung zum Völker-, Gemeinschafts- und nationalen Recht sowie mit ihrer ebenenübergreifenden Verknüpfung dar. Der Emissionsrechtehandel wird besonders hervorgehoben
An experimental ointment formulation of pimecrolimus is effective in psoriasis without occlusion.
Pimecrolimus (Elidel, SDZ ASM 981), a new macrolactam ascomycin derivative, was highly effective in treating plaque-type psoriasis when applied under Finn-chamber occlusion. A two-centre, randomized, double-blind, vehicle- and positive-controlled within-patient study was therefore conducted in 23 adult psoriasis patients. Pimecrolimus 1% was applied, twice daily, in an experimental ointment formulation, along with the corresponding vehicle, 0.005% calcipotriol ointment and 0.05% clobetasol-17-propionate ointment to test sites without occlusion for 21 days. Erythema, induration and scaling (score: 0 [absent] to 4 [severe]) were evaluated. The total sign score was defined as the sum of the erythema, induration and scaling scores (range 0-12). Pimecrolimus 1% ointment was significantly (p = 0.03) more effective than the corresponding vehicle, with an improvement in total sign score of 51.4% compared with 36.7% for the corresponding vehicle. Improvements with calcipotriol and clobetasol-17-propionate were 71.5% and 88.3%, respectively. No local or systemic drug-related side effects were observed in the study. We conclude that pimecrolimus 1% in the experimental ointment formulation was significantly more effective than its corresponding vehicle, but less effective than calcipotriol and clobetasol ointment. This is the first study reporting a significant therapeutic effect of pimecrolimus in an ointment formulation applied without occlusion to psoriatic plaques