Energy Saving Analysis of a Solar Combi-system using Detailed Control Algorithm Modeled with Modelica

AbstractThis paper analyzes the detailed behavior and efficiency of a solar combi-system during a full year based on an existing control algorithm developed by SolisArt Company. Whereas so far simulations are usually done with a simplified control system or black box models, it may be formed conveniently by a detailed algorithm model to control all the system equipments thanks to Modelica language versatility. According to the results, reducing energy demands or increasing solar area lead to higher energy savings and high economy rate between 34 and 70% with 6 collectors. Finally, the developed model can also be used to size and optimize the key components of the system

Integrated Planning of a Solar/Storage Collective

French regulation allows consumers in low-voltage networks to form collectives to produce, share, and consume local energy under the collective self-consumption framework. A natural consequence of collectively-owned generation projects is the need to allocate production among consumers. In long-term plans, production allocation determines each of the consumers' benefits of joining the collective. In the short-term, energy should be dynamically allocated to reflect operation. This paper presents a framework that integrates long and short-term planning of a collective that shares a solar plus energy storage system. In the long-term planning stage, we maximize the collective's welfare and equitably allocate expected energy to each consumer. For operation, we propose a model predictive control algorithm that minimizes short-term costs and allocates energy to each consumer on a 30-minute basis (as required by French regulation). We adjust the energy allotment ex-post operation to reflect the materialization of uncertainty. We present a case study where we showcase the framework for a 15 consumer collective.Comment: Final draft accepted for publication in IEEE Transactions on Smart Gri

Fmoc solid phase synthesis of polyamides containing pyrrole and imidazole amino acids

Polyamides containing N-methylimidazole (Im) and N-methylpyrrole (Py) amino acids are synthetic ligands that have an affinity and specificity for DNA comparable to those of many naturally occurring DNA binding proteins. A machine-assisted Fmoc solid phase synthesis of polyamides has been optimized to afford high stepwise coupling yields (>99%). Two monomer building blocks, Fmoc-Py acid and Fmoc-Im acid, were prepared in multigram scale. Cleavage by aminolysis followed by HPLC purification affords up to 200 mg quantities of polyamide with purities and yields greater than or equal to those reported using Boc chemistry. A broader set of reaction conditions will increase the number and complexity of minor groove binding polyamides which may be prepared and help ensure compatibility with many commercially available peptide synthesizers

Measurement of scaling laws for shock waves in thermal nonlocal media

We are able to detect the details of spatial optical collisionless wave-breaking through the high aperture imaging of a beam suffering shock in a fluorescent nonlinear nonlocal thermal medium. This allows us to directly measure how nonlocality and nonlinearity affect the point of shock formation and compare results with numerical simulations.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure

Two- and three-dimensional natural and mixed convection simulation using modular zonal models

We demonstrate the use of the zonal model approach, which is a simplified method for calculating natural and mixed convection in rooms. Zonal models use a coarse grid and use balance equations, state equations, hydrostatic pressure drop equations and power law equations of the form {ital m} = {ital C}{Delta}{sup {ital n}}. The advantage of the zonal approach and its modular implementation are discussed. The zonal model resolution of nonlinear equation systems is demonstrated for three cases: a 2-D room, a 3-D room and a pair of 3-D rooms separated by a partition with an opening. A sensitivity analysis with respect to physical parameters and grid coarseness is presented. Results are compared to computational fluid dynamics (CFD) calculations and experimental data