1,071 research outputs found
A Technique for generating Feynman Diagrams
We present a simple technique that allows to generate Feynman diagrams for
vector models with interactions of order and similar models (Gross-Neveu,
Thirring model), using a bootstrap equation that uses only the free field value
of the energy as an input. The method allows to find the diagrams to, in
principle, arbitrarily high order and applies to both energy and correlation
functions. It automatically generates the correct symmetry factor (as a
function of the number of components of the field) and the correct sign for any
diagram in the case of fermion loops. We briefly discuss the possibility of
treating QED as a Thirring model with non-local interaction.Comment: 19 pages, LateX, To be published in Z. f. Phys.
Stability domain of systems of three arbitrary charges
We present results on the stability of quantum systems consisting of a negative charge with mass and two positive charges and , with masses and , respectively. We show that, for given masses , each instability domain is convex in the plane of the variables . A new proof is given of the instability of muonic ions . We then study stability in some critical regimes where : stability is sometimes restricted to large values of some mass ratios; the behaviour of the stability frontier is established to leading order in . Finally we present some conjectures about the shape of the stability domain, both for given masses and varying charges, and for given charges and varying masses
Hund's Rule for Composite Fermions
We consider the ``fractional quantum Hall atom" in the vanishing Zeeman
energy limit, and investigate the validity of Hund's maximum-spin rule for
interacting electrons in various Landau levels. While it is not valid for {\em
electrons} in the lowest Landau level, there are regions of filling factors
where it predicts the ground state spin correctly {\em provided it is applied
to composite fermions}. The composite fermion theory also reveals a
``self-similar" structure in the filling factor range .Comment: 10 pages, revte
WHY THE REAL PART OF THE PROTON-PROTON FORWARD SCATTERING AMPLITUDE SHOULD BE MEASURED AT THE LHC
4p, 2figs, Contribution to EDS2005, Blois May 2005For the energy of 14 TeV, to be reached at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), we have had for some time accurate predictions for both the real and imaginary parts of the forward proton-proton elastic scattering amplitude. LHC is now scheduled to start operating in two years, and it is timely to discuss some of the important consequences of the measurements of both the total cross-section and the ratio of the real to the imaginary part. We stress the importance of measuring the real part of the proton-proton forward scattering amplitude at LHC, because a deviation from existing theoretical predictions could be a strong sign for new physics
CP Violation
Three possibilities for the origin of CP violation are discussed: (1) the
Standard Model in which all CP violation is due to one parameter in the CKM
matrix, (2) the superweak model in which all CP violation is due to new physics
and (3) the Standard Model plus new physics. A major goal of B physics is to
distinguish these possibilities. CP violation implies time reversal violation
(TRV) but direct evidence for TRV is difficult to obtain.Comment: 13 pages, to be published in Lecture Notes of TASI-2000, edited by
Jonathan L. Rosner, World Scientific, 200
Exact Schwarzschild-Like Solution for Yang-Mills Theories
Drawing on the parallel between general relativity and Yang-Mills theory we
obtain an exact Schwarzschild-like solution for SU(2) gauge fields coupled to a
massless scalar field. Pushing the analogy further we speculate that this
classical solution to the Yang-Mills equations shows confinement in the same
way that particles become confined once they pass the event horizon of the
Schwarzschild solution. Two special cases of the solution are considered.Comment: 11 pages LaTe
Instantons of Type IIB Supergravity in Ten Dimensions
A family of SO(10) symmetric instanton solutions in Type IIB supergravity is
developed. The instanton of least action is a candidate for the low-energy,
semiclassical approximation to the {D=--1} brane. Unlike a previously published
solution,[GGP] this admits an interpretation as a tunneling amplitude between
perturbatively degenerate asymptotic states, but with action twice that found
previously. A number of associated issues are discussed such as the relation
between the magnetic and electric pictures, an inversion symmetry of the
dilaton and the metric, the topology of the background, and some
properties of the solution in an "instanton frame" corresponding to a
Lagrangian in which the dilaton's kinetic energy vanishes.Comment: 15 pages, no figures; Version 2 has revised sections IV and V.
Earlier equations are essentially unchanged, but interpretation changed, on
advice of counse
Fractional Quantum Hall States in Low-Zeeman-Energy Limit
We investigate the spectrum of interacting electrons at arbitrary filling
factors in the limit of vanishing Zeeman splitting. The composite fermion
theory successfully explains the low-energy spectrum {\em provided the
composite fermions are treated as hard-core}.Comment: 12 pages, revte
Renormalization Effects in a Dilute Bose Gas
The low-density expansion for a homogeneous interacting Bose gas at zero
temperature can be formulated as an expansion in powers of ,
where is the number density and is the S-wave scattering length.
Logarithms of appear in the coefficients of the expansion. We show
that these logarithms are determined by the renormalization properties of the
effective field theory that describes the scattering of atoms at zero density.
The leading logarithm is determined by the renormalization of the pointlike scattering amplitude.Comment: 10 pages, 1 postscript figure, LaTe
Inconsistency of QED in the Presence of Dirac Monopoles
A precise formulation of local gauge invariance in QED is presented,
which clearly shows that the gauge coupling associated with the unphysical
longitudinal photon field is non-observable and actually has an arbitrary
value. We then re-examine the Dirac quantization condition and find that its
derivation involves solely the unphysical longitudinal coupling. Hence an
inconsistency inevitably arises in the presence of Dirac monopoles and this can
be considered as a theoretical evidence against their existence. An
alternative, independent proof of this conclusion is also presented.Comment: Extended and combined version, refinements added; 20 LaTex pages,
Published in Z. Phys. C65, pp.175-18
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