A dual-analytes responsive fluorescent probe for discriminative detection of ClO− and N2H4 in living cells

Hydrazine (N2H4) and ClO− are very harmful for public health, hence it is important and necessary to monitor them in living cells. Herein, we rationally designed and synthesized a dual-analytes responsive fluorescent sensor PTMQ for distinguishing detection of N2H4 and ClO−. PTMQ underwent N2H4-induced double bond cleavage, affording colorimetric and green fluorescence enhancement with good selectivity and a low detection limit (89 nM). On the other hand, PTMQ underwent ClO−-induced sulfur oxidation and displayed red fluorescence lighting-up response towards ClO− with good selectivity, rapid response (<0.2 min) and a low detection limit (58 nM). Moreover, PTMQ was successfully employed for in-situ imaging of N2H4 and ClO− in living cellsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Dynamic variations in the peripheral blood lymphocyte subgroups of patients with 2009 pandemic H1N1 swine-origin influenza A virus infection

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Novel Influenza A (H1N1) is an acute respiratory infectious disease. Animal experiments indicated that when H1N1 virus infected early hosts, it showed strong CD4⁺, CD8⁺, and CD4⁺CD25⁺T cell reactions. The aim of this study was to investigate the dynamic fluctuations of the peripheral blood lymphocyte subgroups in patients infected with H1N1 swine-origin influenza A virus (S-OIV).</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>The frequency of T cells, B cells, natural killer (NK) cells, and regulatory T cells (Treg) in 36 severe H1N1 and 40 moderate H1N1 patients were detected at different periods by flow cytometry. In parallel, serum cytokines were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and C-reactive protein (CRP) was analyzed through an image-type automatic biochemical analyzer. In addition, 20 healthy volunteers, who were not infected with 2009 H1N1 virus, were selected as controls.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The frequency of NK cells were decreased in all cases and CD19⁺B cells were increased in severe cases than those of the controls. At 1-2d from onset, the frequency of CD4⁺and CD4⁺CD25⁺T cells in moderate cases was higher than in the severe cases. Serum cytokines, specifically IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, and IFN-γ exhibited no significant change both in the moderate and the severe cases during the whole monitoring process. In the early stage of the disease, serum CRP levels in the severe and moderate groups were significantly higher than that in the control group.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Patients showed different lymphocyte subgroup distributions between mild and severe cases, which might affect the incidence and development of 2009 H1N1.</p

Magnetic domain wall engineering in a nanoscale permalloy junction

Nanoscale magnetic junctions provide a useful approach to act as building blocks for magnetoresistive random access memories (MRAM), where one of the key issues is to control the magnetic domain configuration. Here, we study the domain structure and the magnetic switching in the Permalloy (Fe20Ni80) nanoscale magnetic junctions with different thicknesses by using micromagnetic simulations. It is found that both the 90-° and 45-° domain walls can be formed between the junctions and the wire arms depending on the thickness of the device. The magnetic switching fields show distinct thickness dependencies with a broad peak varying from 7 nm to 22 nm depending on the junction sizes, and the large magnetic switching fields favor the stability of the MRAM operation

Electric-field-driven Non-volatile Multi-state Switching of Individual Skyrmions in a Multiferroic Heterostructure

Electrical manipulation of skyrmions attracts considerable attention for its rich physics and promising applications. To date, such a manipulation is realized mainly via spin-polarized current based on spin-transfer torque or spin-orbital torque effect. However, this scheme is energy-consuming and may produce massive Joule heating. To reduce energy dissipation and risk of heightened temperatures of skyrmion-based devices, an effective solution is to use electric field instead of current as stimulus. Here, we realize an electric-field manipulation of skyrmions in a nanostructured ferromagnetic/ferroelectrical heterostructure at room temperature via an inverse magneto-mechanical effect. Intriguingly, such a manipulation is non-volatile and exhibits a multi-state feature. Numerical simulations indicate that the electric-field manipulation of skyrmions originates from strain-mediated modification of effective magnetic anisotropy and Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction. Our results open a direction for constructing low-energy-dissipation, non-volatile, and multi-state skyrmion-based spintronic devices.Comment: Accepted by Nature Communications 11, 3577 (2020

Controllable transport of a skyrmion in a ferromagnetic narrow channel with voltage-controlled magnetic anisotropy

Magnetic skyrmions have potential applications in next-generation spintronic devices with ultralow energy consumption. In this work, the current-driven skyrmion motion in a narrow ferromagnetic nanotrack with voltage-controlled magnetic anisotropy (VCMA) is studied numerically. By utilizing the VCMA effect, the transport of skyrmion can be unidirectional in the nanotrack, leading to a one-way information channel. The trajectory of the skyrmion can also be modulated by periodically located VCMA gates, which protects the skyrmion from destruction by touching the track edge. In addition, the location of the skyrmion can be controlled by adjusting the driving pulse length in the presence of the VCMA effect. Our results provide guidelines for practical realization of the skyrmion-based information channel, diode, and skyrmion-based electronic devices such as racetrack memory