4,389 research outputs found
Awaking the Sleeping Dragon: The Evolving Chinese Patent Laws and its Implications for Pharmeceutical Patents
Part I of this Comment will discuss the development of the Chinese IP system and discuss why it has been ineffective in protecting pharmaceutical patents by comparing it to the US patent system. Part II analyzes the third amendment to the Chinese patent law and how it protects patents, particularly pharmaceutical ones, and deters counterfeiters from infringing upon the patents. Part II also presents different views on the effectiveness of the third amendment to protect patents. Part III argues that even though the third amendment is a great leap forward, pharmaceutical counterfeiting will continue to happen if the local governments do not cooperate with the central government in enforcing patent protection laws
Quantum Spin Hall Insulators with Interactions and Lattice Anisotropy
We investigate the interplay between spin-orbit coupling and
electron-electron interactions on the honeycomb lattice combining the cellular
dynamical mean-field theory and its real space extension with analytical
approaches. We provide a thorough analysis of the phase diagram and temperature
effects at weak spin-orbit coupling. We systematically discuss the stability of
the quantum spin Hall phase toward interactions and lattice anisotropy
resulting in the plaquette-honeycomb model. We also show the evolution of the
helical edge states characteristic of quantum spin Hall insulators as a
function of Hubbard interaction and anisotropy. At very weak spin-orbit
coupling and intermediate electron-electron interactions, we substantiate the
existence of a quantum spin liquid phase.Comment: 7 pages, 9 figures, final versio
Finiteness properties for relatives of braided Higman--Thompson groups
We study the finiteness properties of the braided Higman--Thompson group
with labels in , and and
with labels in where is the braid group with strings and
is its pure braid subgroup. We show that for all and , the group (resp. or ) is of type
if and only if is. Our result in particular confirms a recent
conjecture of Aroca and Cumplido.Comment: 25 pages;first part of arXiv:2103.14589v1 with the second part to
appear separatel
Homological stability for the ribbon Higman--Thompson groups
We generalize the notion of asymptotic mapping class groups and allow them to
surject to the Higman--Thompson groups, answering a question of Aramayona and
Vlamis in the case of the Higman--Thompson groups. When the underlying surface
is a disk, these new asymptotic mapping class groups can be identified with the
ribbon and oriented ribbon Higman--Thompson groups. We use this model to prove
that the ribbon Higman--Thompson groups satisfy homological stability,
providing the first homological stability result for dense subgroups of big
mapping class groups. Our result can also be treated as an extension of
Szymik--Wahl's work on homological stability for the Higman--Thompson groups to
the surface setting.Comment: 23 pages; split off from arXiv:2103.14589v1 with the first part
available as arXiv:2103.14589v
Individual differences in infant fixation duration relate to attention and behavioral control in childhood
Individual differences in fixation duration are considered a reliable measure of attentional control in adults. However, the degree to which individual differences in fixation duration in infancy (0–12 months) relate to temperament and behavior in childhood is largely unknown. In the present study, data were examined from 120 infants (mean age = 7.69 months, SD = 1.90) who previously participated in an eye-tracking study. At follow-up, parents completed age-appropriate questionnaires about their child’s temperament and behavior (mean age of children = 41.59 months, SD = 9.83). Mean fixation duration in infancy was positively associated with effortful control (β = 0.20, R2 = .02, p = .04) and negatively with surgency (β = −0.37, R2 = .07, p = .003) and hyperactivity-inattention (β = −0.35, R2 = .06, p = .005) in childhood. These findings suggest that individual differences in mean fixation duration in infancy are linked to attentional and behavioral control in childhood
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