A Flexible Electronic Helical Guide Controller

AbstractIn this paper, an Electronic Helical Guide Controller (EHGC) is proposed, for helical gear shaping processes. In most traditional gear shaper machines, the cutter's reciprocating movement is driven by a crank-connecting rod mechanism. Therefore, this study adopts this kind of gear shaper as the machine platform to establish an accurate mathematical model. The control algorithm is embedded in the interpolation module of the CNC system using electronic gearbox techniques to realize special multi-axis linkage control requirements. The crankshaft's angular position is measured and the rotational speed is calculated in each control cycle. The actual position and velocity of the cutter along the Z-axis can be calculated using the geometric relations of the crank-connecting mechanism, and motion in the other axes can be controlled by the electronic gearbox. A special G code with parameters (G83) is also designed and the EHGC control through NC programming is realized in an improvised gear shaping CNC machine. The proposed EHGC is low cost and easy to implement in practice since it does not need a linear grating ruler and a probe on the Z-axis. Furthermore, EHGC allows the flexibility to change a part's helix angle to compensate for distortions caused by heat treatment. Simulations and experiments are performed to verify the effectiveness of the proposed EHGC

A Novel Counterfactual Data Augmentation Method for Aspect-Based Sentiment Analysis

Aspect-based-sentiment-analysis (ABSA) is a fine-grained sentiment evaluation task, which analyzes the emotional polarity of the evaluation aspects. Generally, the emotional polarity of an aspect exists in the corresponding opinion expression, whose diversity has great impact on model's performance. To mitigate this problem, we propose a novel and simple counterfactual data augmentation method to generate opinion expressions with reversed sentiment polarity. In particular, the integrated gradients are calculated to locate and mask the opinion expression. Then, a prompt combined with the reverse expression polarity is added to the original text, and a Pre-trained language model (PLM), T5, is finally was employed to predict the masks. The experimental results shows the proposed counterfactual data augmentation method performs better than current augmentation methods on three ABSA datasets, i.e. Laptop, Restaurant, and MAMS.Comment: Camera-ready for ACML 202

A Quick Response Algorithm for Dynamic Autonomous Mobile Robot Routing Problem with Time Windows

This paper investigates the optimization problem of scheduling autonomous mobile robots (AMRs) in hospital settings, considering dynamic requests with different priorities. The primary objective is to minimize the daily service cost by dynamically planning routes for the limited number of available AMRs. The total cost consists of AMR's purchase cost, transportation cost, delay penalty cost, and loss of denial of service. To address this problem, we have established a two-stage mathematical programming model. In the first stage, a tabu search algorithm is employed to plan prior routes for all known medical requests. The second stage involves planning for real-time received dynamic requests using the efficient insertion algorithm with decision rules, which enables quick response based on the time window and demand constraints of the dynamic requests. One of the main contributions of this study is to make resource allocation decisions based on the present number of service AMRs for dynamic requests with different priorities. Computational experiments using Lackner instances demonstrate the efficient insertion algorithm with decision rules is very fast and robust in solving the dynamic AMR routing problem with time windows and request priority. Additionally, we provide managerial insights concerning the AMR's safety stock settings, which can aid in decision-making processes

Digestive System of Anourosorex squamipes - Appearance and Morphological Features

Background: Anourosorex squamipes have a wide range of feeding habits, which is a kind of omnivorous animal. As an indispensable part of organisms, the differentiation degree of digestive system indicates the evolution degree of species. The higher the evolution degree of animals, the higher the differentiation of digestive system. At present, the research on Anourosorex squamipes digestive system mainly focuses on its feeding habits and mainly depends on the direct observation of gastric contents with the naked eye, but the research on the morphology of digestive system has not been reported. Materials, Methods & Results: Twenty adult Anourosorex squamipes were selected to investigate the characteristics of the appearance, including the contour parameters (body weight, body length, forefoot length, posterior foot length, nasal length, tail length), digestive system parameters (length of esophagus, intestinal length, intestinal weight, stomach weight and liver weight) and morphological structure of the small intestine by histological methods. The results showed that there were no significant differences in body weight, body length, forefoot length, posterior foot length, nasal length and tail length between males and females in Anourosorex squamipes, and no significant differences were observed in parameters of digestive system in length of esophagus, intestinal length, intestinal weight, stomach weight and liver weight. There were no significant differences in villus height, muscular layer thickness and villus height/recess depth (V/C) between males and females, but only ileal crypt depth decreased significantly in males. Discussion: Animal morphological characteristics are closely related to their life habits, unique organs and lifestyles ensure that they thrive on earth. In our study, we found that unique characters are found by observing the appearance of Anourosorex squamipes, the snout is blunt and short, the eyes are degenerated, and the tail is very short and covered with scales, which may be related to its feeding habits, the living environment-long-term nocturnal life in underground with minimal exposure to sunlight, and the unique tail can reduce the friction between tail and soil during the movement. There are certain differences in the appearance parameters of male and female Anourosorex squamipes, but are not significant. The esophagus, stomach, intestine, liver and other parameters of Anourosorex squamipes have little difference between males and females, indicating that Anourosorex squamipes don’t have obvious distinctions between males and females in food intake. However, the liver weight of male Anourosorex squamipes is larger than female, indicating that the physiological metabolic capacity of male is larger than female. It is speculated that this may be related to the difference in the amount of activity between males and females in daily life. Males are more active and require more energy, but their digestion and absorption abilities are weaker than females. Therefore, the male Anourosorex squamipes needs more food to provide energy to meet the daily physiological metabolism, and the larger stomach capacity provides the essential conditions for the male to store more food. In addition, we found that the crypt depth of male Anourosorex squamipes is generally greater than that of females, especially in the ileal crypt depth, indicating that the female’s cell maturation rate is greater than that of the male. It is speculated that the female has a greater demand for nutrient absorption and better digestion and absorption of food, because females need to give birth to offspring and require greater nutrition.   Keywords: Anourosorex squamipes, contour characteristics, digestive system, small intestine