Silicone granulomas following free silicone gluteal augmentation

AbstractGallium-67 citrate has long been used for imaging of infection and inflammation. Although gallium-67 uptake due to silicone implants and silicone injections has been previously reported in the literature, very few cases are documented. We report a case of increased gallium-67 uptake in the buttocks in a patient who previously received silicone injections in the buttocks, to reemphasize silicone augmentation as a potential source of gallium-67 uptake. In addition, we present a F-18-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET/CT scan from the same patient to demonstrate mild diffuse FDG uptake in the buttocks in the region of previous silicone injection. Although FDG is well known to accumulate in areas of inflammation such as prior sites of silicone injection or silicone implantation in the breast, FDG uptake in the buttocks due to silicone injections has not been previously reported or correlated with a gallium scan

Bladder diverticulitis on PET/CT

AbstractDiverticula are commonly seen in hollow viscous organs. One common complication of diverticula is infection, known as diverticulitis. Although diverticulitis has been extensively described with respect to the colon, not many cases describe diverticulitis of the urinary bladder. We report a case of diverticulitis of the bladder to emphasize the imaging findings on PET/CT and to discuss management and possible complications

Paradoxical response of prostate cancer skeletal metastases to androgen deprivation therapy

AbstractWe report a marked geographically inconsistent response of prostate cancer skeletal metastases to androgen deprivation therapy. Such inconsistent response to therapy has not been described previously in the literature and should be correlated with individual patient history. Further understanding of the mechanism of geographic responses to hormone deprivation therapy may have implications in the targeting of specific regions of disease for treatment in the future

Decreased myocardial perfusion SPECT lung-to-heart ratio: Lucent lungs

AbstractWe present a case of a patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease whose myocardial perfusion SPECT imaging demonstrated diffusely decreased Tc-99m sestamibi lung uptake ("lucent lungs"); our results indicate that there may be a lower limit of normal for lung-to-heart ratio, below which pathology can be inferred

Extraperitoneal Urinary Bladder Perforation Detected by FDG PET/CT

Accurate localization of areas of increased metabolic activity on PET only imaging can be challenging. Fusion of PET with CT imaging provides anatomic detail which aids in localization of functional information. As a result, the overall sensitivity and specificity of information provided by PET or CT alone is improved with combined PET/CT resulting in improved diagnosis and patient management. We report a case of an unexpected emergent finding of urinary bladder perforation on PET/CT to stress the importance of accurately interpreting the anatomic and functional data. To our knowledge, diagnosis of bladder perforation on PET/CT has not been previously reported in the literature. Failure to recognize such complications may lead to adverse outcomes

Ubiquitin Specific Protease 26 (USP26) expression analysis in human testicular and extragonadal tissues indicates diverse action of USP26 in cell differentiation and tumorigenesis.

Ubiquitin specific protease 26 (USP26), a deubiquitinating enzyme, is highly expressed early during murine spermatogenesis, in round spermatids, and at the blood-testis barrier. USP26 has also been recognized as a regulator of androgen receptor (AR) hormone-induced action involved in spermatogenesis and steroid production in in vitro studies. Prior mutation screening of USP26 demonstrated an association with human male infertility and low testosterone production, but protein localization and expression in the human testis has not been characterized previously. USP26 expression analysis of mRNA and protein was completed using murine and human testis tissue and human tissue arrays. USP26 and AR mRNA levels in human testis were quantitated using multiplex qRT-PCR. Immunofluorescence colocalization studies were performed with formalin-fixed/paraffin-embedded and frozen tissues using primary and secondary antibodies to detect USP26 and AR protein expression. Human microarray dot blots were used to identify protein expression in extra-gonadal tissues. For the first time, expression of USP26 and colocalization of USP26 with androgen receptor in human testis has been confirmed predominantly in Leydig cell nuclei, with less in Leydig cell cytoplasm, spermatogonia, primary spermatocytes, round spermatids, and Sertoli cells. USP26 likely affects regulatory proteins of early spermatogenesis, including androgen receptor with additional activity in round spermatids. This X-linked gene is not testis-specific, with USP26 mRNA and protein expression identified in multiple other human organ tissues (benign and malignant) including androgen-dependent tissues such as breast (myoepithelial cells and secretory luminal cells) and thyroid tissue (follicular cells). USP26/AR expression and interaction in spermatogenesis and androgen-dependent cancer warrants additional study and may prove useful in diagnosis and management of male infertility