46 research outputs found
Implementation of a Renal Precision Medicine Program: Clinician Attitudes and Acceptance
A precision health initiative was implemented across a multi-hospital health system, wherein a panel of genetic variants was tested and utilized in the clinical care of chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. Pharmacogenomic predictors of antihypertensive response and genomic predictors of CKD were provided to clinicians caring for nephrology patients. To assess clinician knowledge, attitudes, and willingness to act on genetic testing results, a Likert-scale survey was sent to and self-administered by these nephrology providers (N = 76). Most respondents agreed that utilizing pharmacogenomic-guided antihypertensive prescribing is valuable (4.0 Β± 0.7 on a scale of 1 to 5, where 5 indicates strong agreement). However, the respondents also expressed reluctance to use genetic testing for CKD risk stratification due to a perceived lack of supporting evidence (3.2 Β± 0.9). Exploratory sub-group analyses associated this reluctance with negative responses to both knowledge and attitude discipline questions, thus suggesting reduced exposure to and comfort with genetic information. Given the evolving nature of genomic implementation in clinical care, further education is warranted to help overcome these perception barriers
Different plant viruses induce changes in feeding behavior of specialist and generalist aphids on common bean that are likely to enhance virus transmission
Bean common mosaic virus (BCMV), bean common mosaic necrosis virus (BCMNV), and cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) cause serious epidemics in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris), a vital food security crop in many low-to-medium income countries, particularly in Sub-Saharan Africa. Aphids transmit these viruses βnon-persistently,β i.e., virions attach loosely to the insects' stylets. Viruses may manipulate aphid-host interactions to enhance transmission. We used direct observation and electrical penetration graph measurements to see if the three viruses induced similar or distinct changes in feeding behaviors of two aphid species, Aphis fabae and Myzus persicae. Both aphids vector BCMV, BCMNV, and CMV but A. fabae is a legume specialist (the dominant species in bean fields) while M. persicae is a generalist that feeds on and transmits viruses to diverse plant hosts. Aphids of both species commenced probing epidermal cells (behavior optimal for virus acquisition and inoculation) sooner on virus-infected plants than on mock-inoculated plants. Infection with CMV was especially disruptive of phloem feeding by the bean specialist aphid A. fabae. A. fabae also experienced mechanical stylet difficulty when feeding on virus-infected plants, and this was also exacerbated for M. persicae. Overall, feeding on virus-infected host plants by specialist and generalist aphids was affected in different ways but all three viruses induced similar effects on each aphid type. Specifically, non-specialist (M. persicae) aphids encountered increased stylet difficulties on plants infected with BCMV, BCMNV, or CMV, whereas specialist aphids (A. fabae) showed decreased phloem ingestion on infected plants. Probing and stylet pathway activity (which facilitate virus transmission) were not decreased by any of the viruses for either of the aphid species, except in the case of A. fabae on CMV-infected bean, where these activities were increased. Overall, these virus-induced changes in host-aphid interactions are likely to enhance non-persistent virus transmission, and data from this work will be useful in epidemiological modeling of non-persistent vectoring of viruses by aphids
Good Gig, Bad Gig: Autonomy and Algorithmic Control in the Global Gig Economy
This article evaluates the job quality of work in the remote gig economy. Such work consists of the remote provision of a wide variety of digital services mediated by online labour platforms. Focusing on workers in Southeast Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa, the article draws on semi-structured interviews in six countries (N = 107) and a cross-regional survey (N = 679) to detail the manner in which remote gig work is shaped by platform-based algorithmic control. Despite varying country contexts and types of work, we show that algorithmic control is central to the operation of online labour platforms. Algorithmic management techniques tend to offer workers high levels of flexibility, autonomy, task variety and complexity. However, these mechanisms of control can also result in low pay, social isolation, working unsocial and irregular hours, overwork, sleep deprivation and exhaustion
Three Aphid-Transmitted Viruses Encourage Vector Migration From Infected Common Bean ( Phaseolus vulgaris ) Plants Through a Combination of Volatile and Surface Cues
Bean common mosaic virus (BCMV), bean common mosaic necrosis virus (BCMNV), and cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) are important pathogens of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris), a crop vital for food security in sub-Saharan Africa. These viruses are vectored by aphids non-persistently, with virions bound loosely to stylet receptors. These viruses also manipulate aphid-mediated transmission by altering host properties. Virus-induced effects on host-aphid interactions were investigated using choice test (migration) assays, olfactometry, and analysis of insect-perceivable volatile organic compounds (VOCs) using gas chromatography (GC)-coupled mass spectrometry, and GC-coupled electroantennography. When allowed to choose freely between infected and uninfected plants, aphids of the legume specialist species Aphis fabae, and of the generalist species Myzus persicae, were repelled by plants infected with BCMV, BCMNV, or CMV. However, in olfactometer experiments with A. fabae, only the VOCs emitted by BCMNV-infected plants repelled aphids. Although BCMV, BCMNV, and CMV each induced distinctive changes in emission of aphid-perceivable volatiles, all three suppressed emission of an attractant sesquiterpene, Ξ±-copaene, suggesting these three different viruses promote migration of virus-bearing aphids in a similar fashion
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Three Aphid-Transmitted Viruses Encourage Vector Migration From Infected Common Bean ( Phaseolus vulgaris ) Plants Through a Combination of Volatile and Surface Cues
Bean common mosaic virus (BCMV), bean common mosaic necrosis virus (BCMNV), and cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) are important pathogens of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris), a crop vital for food security in sub-Saharan Africa. These viruses are vectored by aphids non-persistently, with virions bound loosely to stylet receptors. These viruses also manipulate aphid-mediated transmission by altering host properties. Virus-induced effects on host-aphid interactions were investigated using choice test (migration) assays, olfactometry, and analysis of insect-perceivable volatile organic compounds (VOCs) using gas chromatography (GC)-coupled mass spectrometry, and GC-coupled electroantennography. When allowed to choose freely between infected and uninfected plants, aphids of the legume specialist species Aphis fabae, and of the generalist species Myzus persicae, were repelled by plants infected with BCMV, BCMNV, or CMV. However, in olfactometer experiments with A. fabae, only the VOCs emitted by BCMNV-infected plants repelled aphids. Although BCMV, BCMNV, and CMV each induced distinctive changes in emission of aphid-perceivable volatiles, all three suppressed emission of an attractant sesquiterpene, Ξ±-copaene, suggesting these three different viruses promote migration of virus-bearing aphids in a similar fashion
Three aphid-transmitted viruses encourage vector migration from infected common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) plants through a combination of volatile and surface cues
Bean common mosaic virus (BCMV), bean common mosaic necrosis virus (BCMNV), and cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) are important pathogens of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris), a crop vital for food security in sub-Saharan Africa. These viruses are vectored by aphids non-persistently, with virions bound loosely to stylet receptors. These viruses also manipulate aphid-mediated transmission by altering host properties. Virus-induced effects on host-aphid interactions were investigated using choice test (migration) assays, olfactometry, and analysis of insect-perceivable volatile organic compounds (VOCs) using gas chromatography (GC)-coupled mass spectrometry, and GC-coupled electroantennography. When allowed to choose freely between infected and uninfected plants, aphids of the legume specialist species Aphis fabae, and of the generalist species Myzus persicae, were repelled by plants infected with BCMV, BCMNV, or CMV. However, in olfactometer experiments with A. fabae, only the VOCs emitted by BCMNV-infected plants repelled aphids. Although BCMV, BCMNV, and CMV each induced distinctive changes in emission of aphid-perceivable volatiles, all three suppressed emission of an attractant sesquiterpene, Ξ±-copaene, suggesting these three different viruses promote migration of virus-bearing aphids in a similar fashion
DPM, a fast, accurate Monte Carlo code optimized for photon and electron radiotherapy treatment planning dose calculations
A new Monte Carlo (MC) algorithm, the `dose planning method' (DPM), and its associated computer program for simulating the transport of electrons and photons in radiotherapy class problems employing primary electron beams, is presented. DPM is intended to be a high-accuracy MC alternative to the current generation of treatment planning codes which rely on analytical algorithms based on an approximate solution of the photon/electron Boltzmann transport equation. For primary electron beams, DPM is capable of computing 3D dose distributions (in 1Β mm3 voxels) which agree to within 1% in dose maximum with widely used and exhaustively benchmarked general-purpose public-domain MC codes in only a fraction of the CPU time. A representative problem, the simulation of 1 million 10Β MeV electrons impinging upon a water phantom of 1283 voxels of 1 mm on a side, can be performed by DPM in roughly 3Β min on a modern desktop workstation. DPM achieves this performance by employing transport mechanics and electron multiple scattering distribution functions which have been derived to permit long transport steps (of the order of 5Β mm) which can cross heterogeneity boundaries. The underlying algorithm is a `mixed' class simulation scheme, with differential cross sections for hard inelastic collisions and bremsstrahlung events described in an approximate manner to simplify their sampling. The continuous energy loss approximation is employed for energy losses below some predefined thresholds, and photon transport (including Compton, photoelectric absorption and pair production) is simulated in an analogue manner. The Ξ΄-scattering method (Woodcock tracking) is adopted to minimize the computational costs of transporting photons across voxels.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/48969/2/m00815.pd
Software for the frontiers of quantum chemistry:An overview of developments in the Q-Chem 5 package
This article summarizes technical advances contained in the fifth major release of the Q-Chem quantum chemistry program package, covering developments since 2015. A comprehensive library of exchangeβcorrelation functionals, along with a suite of correlated many-body methods, continues to be a hallmark of the Q-Chem software. The many-body methods include novel variants of both coupled-cluster and configuration-interaction approaches along with methods based on the algebraic diagrammatic construction and variational reduced density-matrix methods. Methods highlighted in Q-Chem 5 include a suite of tools for modeling core-level spectroscopy, methods for describing metastable resonances, methods for computing vibronic spectra, the nuclearβelectronic orbital method, and several different energy decomposition analysis techniques. High-performance capabilities including multithreaded parallelism and support for calculations on graphics processing units are described. Q-Chem boasts a community of well over 100 active academic developers, and the continuing evolution of the software is supported by an βopen teamwareβ model and an increasingly modular design
ΠΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΌΡΠ·ΡΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡΡΡ Π² ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ΄ΠΆΠ° ΡΡΡΠ°Π½Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ (Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅ ΠΠ²ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ 2017)
ΠΠ½Π½ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ Π²ΡΠΏΡΡΠΊΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ ΠΡΠ»ΠΎΠ² ΠΠΈΠΊΠΈΡΠ° Π‘Π΅ΡΠ³Π΅Π΅Π²ΠΈΡ Β«ΠΠΠΠΠ£ΠΠΠ ΠΠΠΠ«Π ΠΠ£ΠΠ«ΠΠΠΠ¬ΠΠ«Π ΠΠΠΠΠ£Π Π‘ Π Π€ΠΠ ΠΠΠ ΠΠΠΠΠΠ ΠΠΠΠΠΠ Π‘Π’Π ΠΠΠ« ΠΠ ΠΠΠΠΠΠΠΠ― (ΠΠ ΠΠ ΠΠΠΠ Π ΠΠΠ ΠΠΠΠΠΠΠΠ―-2017)Β» Π. ΡΡΠΊ. - ΠΡΠΊΠΎΠ²Π° ΠΠ»Π΅Π½Π° ΠΠ»Π°Π΄ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π½Π°, Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡΠΎΡ ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π½Π°ΡΠΊ, Π΄ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΠ° ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π΅ΠΉ Ρ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ ΠΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ° ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΠΊΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ: ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΌΡΠ·ΡΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡΡΡ ΠΠ²ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΠ΅ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΡΠ°Π±Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π²ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ°-ΡΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠΈΠ΅, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ΅ . Π Π΅ΠΆΠ΅Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎ Π°ΠΊΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅Ρ Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π°ΡΠ΄ΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ Π½Π° Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ
ΡΡΡΠ°Π½Ρ-ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΎΡΠ° ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡΡΡΠ°, ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΡΠ΅Ρ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠ°ΠΌΡΠΌ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ²ΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ΄ΠΆΠ° ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ. ΠΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΏΠΎΠ±Π΅Π΄Π° ΡΡΡΠ°Π½Ρ-ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ½ΠΈΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡΡΡΠ° ΠΠ²ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π·Π°ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠ°Π΅Ρ ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ-ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ Π²Π΅ΠΊΡΠΎΡ ΠΠ²ΡΠΎΠΏΡ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡΡΠΈ Π΄Π΅Π»Π° Π²ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ PR ΡΡΡΠ°Π½Ρ-ΠΏΠΎΠ±Π΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Ρ ΠΈ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½Ρ-Ρ
ΠΎΠ·ΡΠΉΠΊΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡ. Π‘Π»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΡ
Π½Π° ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π°ΠΊΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΈ Π²ΠΎΡΡΡΠ΅Π±ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠΈΠΉΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈ ΡΡΡΡΠΎΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ PR ΠΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ: ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠ΅ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΡΠ·ΡΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡΡΡΠ° (Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅ ΠΠ²ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΠΠΈΠ΅Π²Π΅ Π² 2017 Π³.). ΠΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΌΠ΅Ρ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ: ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ PR-ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡ Π² ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ΄ΠΆΠ° ΡΡΡΠ°Π½Ρ. Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ: Π΄ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΡ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΌΡΠ·ΡΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡΡΡ ΠΠ²ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ²ΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ΄ΠΆΠ° ΡΡΡΠ°Π½Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΠ°Π΄Π°ΡΠΈ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ: ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ Π°ΠΏΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°Ρ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ Π½Π°ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ΄ΠΆΠΌΠ΅ΠΉΠΊΠΈΠ½Π³Ρ, Π±ΡΠ΅Π½Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π³Ρ ΠΈ ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π½Ρ-ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π΄ΠΆΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡ; ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΡ Π°ΠΊΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ, ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΠ΅ Π² ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΊΠ°Ρ
ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠΈΠΉ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ΄ΠΆΠ° ΡΡΡΠ°Π½Ρ; ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ°ΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ»Ρ ΠΠ²ΡΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π‘ΠΎΡΠ·Π° ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΎΡΠ° ΠΠ²ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ΄ΠΆΠ° ΡΡΡΠ°Π½Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡΡΡΠ°; ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΡ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ΄ΠΆΠ° ΡΡΡΠ°Π½Ρ Π² ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΊΠ°Ρ
ΠΠ²ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ; Π΄Π°ΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΄Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ΄ΠΆΠ° ΡΡΡΠ°Π½Ρ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΠ²ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ. Π’Π΅ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ Π±Π°Π·Π°: Π½Π°ΡΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΡΠ΄Ρ Π. ΠΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ, Π. ΠΠ°Π²ΡΡ, Π. ΠΠ°Π½ΠΊΡΡΡ
ΠΈΠ½Π°, Π. ΠΠΆΠ΅Π½Π΅ΡΠ°, Π. ΠΠ°Π²Π΅ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΉ, Π£. Π₯Π°Π»ΡΡΠ±Π°ΡΡΠ°, ΠΠΆ. ΠΠΎΠ»Π΄Π±Π»Π°ΡΡΠ° Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΡΡΡΠ΄Ρ Π. ΠΠ°ΡΡΠΌΠ°Π½Π° ΠΎ ΠΌΡΠ·ΡΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ Π±ΠΈΠ·Π½Π΅ΡΠ΅, Π. ΠΠΆΠΎΡΠ΄Π°Π½Π° ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄Π²ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ΄ΠΆΠ° ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΠ²ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ Π΄Ρ. ΠΠΌΠΏΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ Π±Π°Π·Π°: PR-Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡ, ΡΠ°Π·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Π½Π° ΡΠ°ΠΉΡΠ΅ ΠΠ²ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΠ²ΡΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π‘ΠΎΡΠ·Π°; Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΎΡΠ° ΠΌΠΈΠ»Π»ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π° ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΎΠ± Π£ΠΊΡΠ°ΠΈΠ½Π΅ Π² Π΅Π²ΡΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π‘ΠΠ, ΡΠ°Π·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Π² Π±Π°Π·Π΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ° ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ½Π³Π° ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ΄ΠΆΠ° Π£ΠΊΡΠ°ΠΈΠ½Ρ Β«OkoΒ»; Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Π±Π°Π·Ρ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ² Π‘ΠΠ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ° Factiva; Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Google.Analytics. ΠΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ: ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΌΡΠ·ΡΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡΡΡ ΠΠ²ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ΄ΠΆ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π΅Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎ ΠΎΡ ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ΄ΠΆΠ° ΡΡΡΠ°Π½Ρ. Π’Π΅Π·ΠΈΡΡ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ Π°ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ Π½Π° ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΌ Π½Π°ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΌΠ΅ Β«ΠΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ° Π² ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅. 57-Π΅ ΠΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ±ΡΡΠ³ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΒ», ΠΎΠΏΡΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ Π² ΡΠ±ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ΅ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ² ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΌΠ° ΠΈ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡ Π½Π°ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈ, ΡΠ°Π·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π² Π±Π°Π·Π΅ Π ΠΠΠ¦. Π‘ΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ° ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ: Π Π°Π±ΠΎΡΠ° ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ· Π²Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ, 3 Π³Π»Π°Π²: Β«ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΡ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠΈΡ Π² ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ΄ΠΆΠ° ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΒ», Β«ΠΠ²ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΠ²ΡΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π‘ΠΎΡΠ·Π°Β» ΠΈ Β«ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ°Π» ΠΠ²ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡΠ°Π΄ΠΊΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ΄ΠΆΠ° ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΒ», Π·Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ, ΡΠΏΠΈΡΠΊΠ° ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ ΠΈΠ· 67 ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ 12 ΠΏΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ. ΠΠ±ΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΌ 76 ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ.Abstract of graduating qualification thesis Mikita Arlou INTERNATIONAL MUSIC CONTEST IN HOST COUNTRY IMAGE FORMATION (ON THE EXAMPLE OF EUROVISION 2017) Supervisor associate professor Elena Bykova, doctor of philology Department of PR in business full-time study Relevance: the international music contest Eurovision as the most wide scale regular high tech TV and Media event which annually emphasizes audience attention on national cultural features of the host country, forms tourist flows which have huge influence on territorial image formation. Besides the win of a participating in the Eurovision country often shows the ideological and political European vector and in fact serves as political PR of the winning or host country. Consequently the analysis of applied communication technologies is relevant and in-demand for event PR. Research object: communication activities of international music contest (on the example of Eurovision in Kyiv in 2017). Research subject: function of status PR event in country image formation. The aim of research: to prove that international music contest Eurovision contributes host country image formation. The tasks of research: to develop research terminology based on scientific literature on image making, branding and event management; to define actual communication technologies applied in special PR events on country image formation; to describe European Broadcasting Union role in host country image formation; to appreciate effectiveness of applied communication technologies on host country image formation in Eurovision; to give recommendations for host country image formation with the help of Eurovision. Theoretical base: scientific works written by E. Bykova, D. Gavra, A. Pankrukhin, B. Jenes, E. Kaverina, U. Halcbaur, J. Goldblatt and D. PassmanΒ΄s works on music business and P. Jordan on county image building with the help of Eurovision, etc. The empirical base: PR documents from official Eurovision and European Broadcasting Union websites; more than 1.5 million articles on Ukraine in European media stored in the base of international Ukrainian image monitoring project Oko; content of the mass media and social media base Factiva; Google.Analytics data. Practical significance: the research proves that international music contest Eurovision is relevant for the host country image formation independently of the success level of applied country image formation communication technologies. Approbation: General positions of current thesis were aprobated on international scientific forum Media in modern world and were published at the collection of articles of the forum and have the status of a scientific article posted in the RINC database. Thesis structure: Research consists of introduction, 3 chapters: Special event function in country image formation, Eurovision as EBU special event and communication potential of Eurovision as a platform for image formation; conclusion, literature list from 67 positions and 12 attachments. The total volume is 76 pages
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Different Plant Viruses Induce Changes in Feeding Behavior of Specialist and Generalist Aphids on Common Bean That Are Likely to Enhance Virus Transmission.
Bean common mosaic virus (BCMV), bean common mosaic necrosis virus (BCMNV), and cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) cause serious epidemics in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris), a vital food security crop in many low-to-medium income countries, particularly in Sub-Saharan Africa. Aphids transmit these viruses "non-persistently," i.e., virions attach loosely to the insects' stylets. Viruses may manipulate aphid-host interactions to enhance transmission. We used direct observation and electrical penetration graph measurements to see if the three viruses induced similar or distinct changes in feeding behaviors of two aphid species, Aphis fabae and Myzus persicae. Both aphids vector BCMV, BCMNV, and CMV but A. fabae is a legume specialist (the dominant species in bean fields) while M. persicae is a generalist that feeds on and transmits viruses to diverse plant hosts. Aphids of both species commenced probing epidermal cells (behavior optimal for virus acquisition and inoculation) sooner on virus-infected plants than on mock-inoculated plants. Infection with CMV was especially disruptive of phloem feeding by the bean specialist aphid A. fabae. A. fabae also experienced mechanical stylet difficulty when feeding on virus-infected plants, and this was also exacerbated for M. persicae. Overall, feeding on virus-infected host plants by specialist and generalist aphids was affected in different ways but all three viruses induced similar effects on each aphid type. Specifically, non-specialist (M. persicae) aphids encountered increased stylet difficulties on plants infected with BCMV, BCMNV, or CMV, whereas specialist aphids (A. fabae) showed decreased phloem ingestion on infected plants. Probing and stylet pathway activity (which facilitate virus transmission) were not decreased by any of the viruses for either of the aphid species, except in the case of A. fabae on CMV-infected bean, where these activities were increased. Overall, these virus-induced changes in host-aphid interactions are likely to enhance non-persistent virus transmission, and data from this work will be useful in epidemiological modeling of non-persistent vectoring of viruses by aphids